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'''''Dipterocarpus''''' is a genus of [[flowering plant]]s and the type genus of family [[Dipterocarpaceae]].
'''''Dipterocarpus''''' is a genus of [[flowering plant]]s and the type genus of family [[Dipterocarpaceae]].


''Dipterocarpus'' is the third-largest and most diverse genus among the Dipterocarpaceae. The species are well known for timber, but less acknowledged for use in traditional herbal medicine.<ref>{{cite book | title = Medicinal Plants of the Asia-Pacific: Drugs for the Future? | author = Christophe Wiart | publisher = World Scientific | date = 2006}}</ref> The genus has about 70 species,<ref name=TPL>{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/search?q=dipterocarpus|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species}}</ref> occurring in [[Southeast Asia]]. It is an important component of [[dipterocarp]] forests. Its generic name comes from [[Greek language|Greek]] and means "two-winged fruits".
''Dipterocarpus'' is the third-largest and most diverse genus among the Dipterocarpaceae. The species are well known for timber, but less acknowledged for use in traditional herbal medicine.<ref>{{cite book | title = Medicinal Plants of the Asia-Pacific: Drugs for the Future? | author = Christophe Wiart | publisher = World Scientific | date = 2006}}</ref> The genus has about 70 species,<ref name=TPL>{{cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/search?q=dipterocarpus|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species}}</ref> occurring in [[South Asia]] and [[Southeast Asia]], from [[Sri Lanka]] and [[India]] to the [[Philippines]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Ashton|first=P. S.|title=Dipterocarpaceae|date=2003|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07255-4_20|work=Flowering Plants · Dicotyledons: Malvales, Capparales and Non-betalain Caryophyllales|pages=182–197|editor-last=Kubitzki|editor-first=Klaus|series=The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants|place=Berlin, Heidelberg|publisher=Springer|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-662-07255-4_20|isbn=978-3-662-07255-4|access-date=2021-07-02|editor2-last=Bayer|editor2-first=Clemens}}</ref> It is an important component of [[dipterocarp]] forests. Its generic name comes from [[Greek language|Greek]] and means "two-winged fruits".


The greatest diversity of ''Dipterocarpus'' species occurs on [[Borneo]], with many [[endemism|endemic]] to the island. The oldest fossil of the genus, and Dipterocarpaceae, is from the latest Cretaceous ([[Maastrichtian]]) [[Intertrappean Beds]] of India.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Khan|first=Mahasin Ali|last2=Spicer|first2=Robert A.|last3=Spicer|first3=Teresa E. V.|last4=Roy|first4=Kaustav|last5=Hazra|first5=Manoshi|last6=Hazra|first6=Taposhi|last7=Mahato|first7=Sumana|last8=Kumar|first8=Sanchita|last9=Bera|first9=Subir|date=2020-11-03|title=Dipterocarpus (Dipterocarpaceae) leaves from the K-Pg of India: a Cretaceous Gondwana presence of the Dipterocarpaceae|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-020-01718-z|journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution|language=en|volume=306|issue=6|pages=90|doi=10.1007/s00606-020-01718-z|issn=1615-6110}}</ref>
The greatest diversity of ''Dipterocarpus'' species occurs on [[Borneo]], with many [[endemism|endemic]] to the island. The oldest fossil of the genus, and Dipterocarpaceae, is from the latest Cretaceous ([[Maastrichtian]]) [[Intertrappean Beds]] of India.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Khan|first=Mahasin Ali|last2=Spicer|first2=Robert A.|last3=Spicer|first3=Teresa E. V.|last4=Roy|first4=Kaustav|last5=Hazra|first5=Manoshi|last6=Hazra|first6=Taposhi|last7=Mahato|first7=Sumana|last8=Kumar|first8=Sanchita|last9=Bera|first9=Subir|date=2020-11-03|title=Dipterocarpus (Dipterocarpaceae) leaves from the K-Pg of India: a Cretaceous Gondwana presence of the Dipterocarpaceae|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-020-01718-z|journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution|language=en|volume=306|issue=6|pages=90|doi=10.1007/s00606-020-01718-z|issn=1615-6110}}</ref>

Revision as of 08:06, 2 July 2021

Dipterocarpus
Temporal range: Maastrichtian–Recent
Dipterocarpus bourdillonii sapling from Peravoor
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Dipterocarpaceae
Subfamily: Dipterocarpoideae
Genus: Dipterocarpus
C.F.Gaertn.
Species

See text

Dipterocarpus is a genus of flowering plants and the type genus of family Dipterocarpaceae.

Dipterocarpus is the third-largest and most diverse genus among the Dipterocarpaceae. The species are well known for timber, but less acknowledged for use in traditional herbal medicine.[1] The genus has about 70 species,[2] occurring in South Asia and Southeast Asia, from Sri Lanka and India to the Philippines.[3] It is an important component of dipterocarp forests. Its generic name comes from Greek and means "two-winged fruits".

The greatest diversity of Dipterocarpus species occurs on Borneo, with many endemic to the island. The oldest fossil of the genus, and Dipterocarpaceae, is from the latest Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Intertrappean Beds of India.[4]

Uses

Garden decking made from reclaimed Keruing floorboards.
Garden decking is made from reclaimed Keruing floorboards.

The genus is of considerable importance as timber trees, sold under the trade name Keruing, although not as important as Shorea species. D. turbinatus, gurjan, is a major commercial timber species found in the Andaman islands. Gurjan wood is very important for making plywood.

Selected species

Species include:[2]

References

  1. ^ Christophe Wiart (2006). Medicinal Plants of the Asia-Pacific: Drugs for the Future?. World Scientific.
  2. ^ a b "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".
  3. ^ Ashton, P. S. (2003), Kubitzki, Klaus; Bayer, Clemens (eds.), "Dipterocarpaceae", Flowering Plants · Dicotyledons: Malvales, Capparales and Non-betalain Caryophyllales, The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 182–197, doi:10.1007/978-3-662-07255-4_20, ISBN 978-3-662-07255-4, retrieved 2021-07-02
  4. ^ Khan, Mahasin Ali; Spicer, Robert A.; Spicer, Teresa E. V.; Roy, Kaustav; Hazra, Manoshi; Hazra, Taposhi; Mahato, Sumana; Kumar, Sanchita; Bera, Subir (2020-11-03). "Dipterocarpus (Dipterocarpaceae) leaves from the K-Pg of India: a Cretaceous Gondwana presence of the Dipterocarpaceae". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 306 (6): 90. doi:10.1007/s00606-020-01718-z. ISSN 1615-6110.
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