Velar approximant
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(Redirected from ɰ)
| IPA – number | 154 |
| IPA – text | ɰ |
| IPA – image |  |
| Entity | ɰ |
| X-SAMPA | M\ |
| Kirshenbaum | j<vel> |
 Sound sample (help·info) |
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The velar approximant is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ɰ, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is M\.
The IPA symbol ‹ɣ›, which otherwise signifies a voiced velar fricative, is sometimes used for the velar approximant as well (with a lowering diacritic ‹ɣ˕› when specificity is required).[1]
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[edit] Features
Features of the velar approximant:
- Its manner of articulation is approximant, which means it is produced by bringing one articulator close to another but without the vocal tract being narrowed to such an extent that a turbulent airstream is produced.
- Its place of articulation is velar which means it is articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate (the velum).
- Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.
[edit] Occurrence
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cherokee | ᏩᏥ/wa-tsi | [ɰatsi] | 'watch' | also represented by Ꮺ, Ꮻ, Ꮼ, Ꮽ, and Ꮾ | |
| Icelandic | saga | [ˈsaɣa] | 'history, story, saga' | See Icelandic phonology | |
| Irish | naoi | [n̪ˠɰiː] | 'nine' | Occurs only between broad consonants and front vowels. See Irish phonology | |
| Spanish[2] | pagar | [paˈɣaɾ] | 'to pay' | Intervocalic allophone of /ɡ/. See Spanish phonology | |
The sound in Japanese denoted by <w> is often described as unrounded but is actually pronounced with lip compression and is therefore labio-velar, albeit with acoustic differences from other labio-velar consonants.
[edit] Notes
[edit] References
- Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Ana Ma. Fernández-Planas & Josefina Carrera-Sabaté (2003), "Castilian Spanish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (2): 255-259
[edit] See also
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