1255
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Years: 1252 1253 1254 – 1255 – 1256 1257 1258 |
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| Decades: 1220s 1230s 1240s – 1250s – 1260s 1270s 1280s |
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| Centuries: 12th century – 13th century – 14th century |
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| 1255 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Art and literature | |
| 1255 in poetry | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1255 MCCLV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2008 |
| Armenian calendar | 704 ԹՎ ՉԴ |
| Bahá'í calendar | -589 – -588 |
| Berber calendar | 2205 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1799 |
| Burmese calendar | 617 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6763 – 6764 |
| Chinese calendar | 甲寅年十一月廿一日 (3891/3951-11-21) — to —
乙卯年十二月初一日(3892/3952-12-1) |
| Coptic calendar | 971 – 972 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1247 – 1248 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5015 – 5016 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1310 – 1311 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1177 – 1178 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4356 – 4357 |
| Holocene calendar | 11255 |
| Iranian calendar | 633 – 634 |
| Islamic calendar | 652 – 653 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 3588 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1798 |
Contents |
[edit] Events
[edit] Europe
[edit] Western Europe
- August – The final Cathar stronghold in southern France falls, eliminating their last refuge since the Roman Catholic Church began the Albigensian Crusade to crush the sect in 1209.
- The death of Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln prompts the persecution of Jews in England, based on the blood libel.
- Lisbon becomes the capital of the Kingdom of Portugal.
- The Gothic cathedral at Bourges, France, is completed. It is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- A survey of royal privileges is conducted, which is included in the Hundred Rolls, an English census seen as a follow up to the Domesday Book completed in 1086; the Hundred Rolls is later completed with two larger surveys in 1274/1275 and 1279/1280.
[edit] Central and Eastern Europe
- May – William of Rubruck from Constantinople returns to Cyprus from his missionary journey to convert the Tatars of central and eastern Asia, his efforts having been unsuccessful.
- Königsberg (now Kaliningrad) is founded by the Teutonic Knights in Prussia and named in honour of king Ottokar II of Bohemia.
- Theodore II Lascaris, Byzantine Emperor (in exile in the Empire of Nicaea), conducts a military campaign to recover Thrace from the Bulgarians. He concludes the task successfully a year later in 1256.
- The Duchy of Bavaria is split into Upper and Lower Bavaria.
- The German state of Nassau is divided, not to be reunited until 1806.
- King Béla IV of Hungary grants Banská Bystrica the municipal rights of a royal town.
[edit] Asia
- Hulagu Khan is dispatched by his brother Möngke Khan to destroy the remaining Muslim states in southwestern Asia.
[edit] Births
- Albert I of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1308)
- William de Ros, 2nd Baron de Ros, claimant to the crown of Scotland (d. 1317)
- Duccio di Buoninsegna, Sienese painter (d. 1319)
- Grand Prince Andrey of Gorodets (approximate date; d. 1304)
- Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg, King of the Romans (approximate date; d. 1298)
[edit] Deaths
- May 1 – Walter de Gray, English prelate and statesman
- Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln (b. 1247)
- Jarler, Archbishop of Sweden
- Sundiata Keita, semi-historical hero and founder of the Mali Empire (approximate date; b. c. 1190)
- Batu Khan, Mongol ruler and founder of the Blue Horde
