1285
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the year 1285.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 12th century – 13th century – 14th century |
| Decades: | 1250s 1260s 1270s – 1280s – 1290s 1300s 1310s |
| Years: | 1282 1283 1284 – 1285 – 1286 1287 1288 |
| 1285 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Art and literature | |
| 1285 in poetry | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1285 MCCLXXXV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2038 |
| Armenian calendar | 734 ԹՎ ՉԼԴ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6035 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -559–-558 |
| Bengali calendar | 692 |
| Berber calendar | 2235 |
| English Regnal year | 13 Edw. 1 – 14 Edw. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1829 |
| Burmese calendar | 647 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6793–6794 |
| Chinese calendar | 甲申年十一月廿五日 (3921/3981-11-25) — to —
乙酉年十二月初五日(3922/3982-12-5) |
| Coptic calendar | 1001–1002 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1277–1278 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5045–5046 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1341–1342 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1207–1208 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4386–4387 |
| Holocene calendar | 11285 |
| Iranian calendar | 663–664 |
| Islamic calendar | 683–684 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 3618 |
| Minguo calendar | 627 before ROC 民前627年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1828 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1285 |
Year 1285 (MCCLXXXV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
[edit] Events
[edit] By area
[edit] Africa
- Mansa Sakura usurps the throne of the Mali Empire
[edit] Asia
- April 25 – Mamluk sultan Qalawun begins a siege of the Crusader fortress of Margat (in present-day Syria), a major stronghold of the Knights Hospitaller thought to be impregnable; he captures the fortress a month later.
- Tran Hung Dao leads Vietnamese forces in victory over an invading Mongol army of the Yuan dynasty.
[edit] Europe
- January 6 – Archbishop Jakub Świnka orders all priests subject to his bishopry in Poland to deliver sermons in Polish rather than German, thus further unifying the Catholic Church in Poland and fostering a national identity.
- September 4 – Roger of Lauria defeats King Philip III of France in a naval battle off of Barcelona.
- The writ Circumspecte Agatis, issued by King Edward I of England, defines the jurisdictions of church and state in England, thereby limiting the church's judicial powers to ecclesiastical cases only.
- The Second Statute of Westminster is passed in England, reforming various laws; it includes the famous clause de donis conditionalibus, considered one of the fundamental institutes of medieval law in England.
[edit] By topic
[edit] Arts
- The English romantic poem The Lay of Havelok the Dane is written (approximate date).
[edit] Markets
- First record of an emission of life annuities by the city of Lübeck. It is the first instance of issue of public debt in Germany and it confirms a trend of consolidation of local public debt over north-western Europe (see 1228).[1]
- The county of Champagne is integrated into the kingdom of France, the region looses its haven characteristics for foreign merchants and the fairs of Troyes quickly dwindle into economic insignificance.[2]
[edit] Religion
- April 2 – Pope Honorius IV succeeds Pope Martin IV as the 190th pope.
[edit] Births
- March 9 – Emperor Go-Nijo of Japan (d. 1308)
- May 1 – Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel, English politician (d. 1326)
- December 6 – King Ferdinand IV of Castile (d. 1312)
- Al-Nasr Muhammad, sultan of Egypt (d. 1341)
- Ziauddin Barani, historian and political thinker of the Delhi Sultanate (d. 1357)
- Patrick Dunbar, 9th Earl of Dunbar (d. 1369)
[edit] Deaths
- March 24 – Daumantas, Grand Prince of Lithuania
- March 28 – Pope Martin IV
- May 13 – Robert de Ros, 1st Baron de Ros
- May 20 – John II of Jerusalem, King of Cyprus (b. 1259)
- October 5 – King Philip III of France (b. 1245)
- November 11 – King Peter III of Aragon (b. 1239)
- Tile Kolup, German imposter of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
- Philip I of Savoy (b. 1207)
- Rutebeuf, French troubadour
- King Charles I of Sicily (b. 1227)
[edit] References
- ^ Zuijderduijn, Jaco (2009). Medieval Capital Markets. Markets for renten, state formation and private investment in Holland (1300-1550). Leiden/Boston: Brill. ISBN 18725155.
- ^ Abu-Lughod, Janet L. (1991). Before European Hegemony: The World System A.D. 1250-1350. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195067746.
