1557
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This article is about the year 1557.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 15th century – 16th century – 17th century |
| Decades: | 1520s 1530s 1540s – 1550s – 1560s 1570s 1580s |
| Years: | 1554 1555 1556 – 1557 – 1558 1559 1560 |
| 1557 by topic | |
| Arts and science | |
| Architecture - Art - Literature - Music - Science | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| Colonial governors - State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births - Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments - Disestablishments | |
| Works category | |
| Works | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1557 MDLVII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2310 |
| Armenian calendar | 1006 ԹՎ ՌԶ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6307 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -287–-286 |
| Bengali calendar | 964 |
| Berber calendar | 2507 |
| English Regnal year | 3 Ph. & M. – 4 Ph. & M. |
| Buddhist calendar | 2101 |
| Burmese calendar | 919 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7065–7066 |
| Chinese calendar | 丙辰年十二月初一日 (4193/4253-12-1) — to —
丁巳年十二月十一日(4194/4254-12-11) |
| Coptic calendar | 1273–1274 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1549–1550 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5317–5318 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1613–1614 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1479–1480 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4658–4659 |
| Holocene calendar | 11557 |
| Iranian calendar | 935–936 |
| Islamic calendar | 964–965 |
| Japanese calendar | Kōji 3 (弘治3年) |
| Korean calendar | 3890 |
| Minguo calendar | 355 before ROC 民前355年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2100 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1557 |
Year 1557 (MDLVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
[edit] Events
[edit] January–June
- June 7 – Mary I of England joins her husband Philip II of Spain in his war against France.
[edit] July–December
- August 10 – Battle of St. Quentin: French forces under Marshal Anne de Montmorency are decisively defeated by the Spanish and English under Duke Emanuel Philibert of Savoy. Montmorency himself is captured, but Philip II refuses to press his advantage, and withdraws to the Netherlands.
- September 11–October 8 – The Colloquy of Worms convenes.
- October 27 – Emperor Ōgimachi accedes to the throne of Japan.
[edit] Date unknown
- Özdemir Pasha conquers the Red Sea port of Massawa for the Ottoman Empire.
- Cossack chieftain Dimitrash tries to take Azov.
- With the permission of the Ming Dynasty government of China and the benefit of both Western and Eastern merchants, the Portuguese settle in Macau (retroceded in 1999). Direct Sino-Portuguese trade had existed since 1513, but this is the first official legal treaty port on traditional Chinese soil that will form a long-term Western settlement. Soon after, China legalizes foreign trade, and Chinese began to migrate overseas.
- Spain becomes bankrupt, throwing the German banking houses into chaos.[1]
- Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, is refounded by John Caius.
- The following schools are founded in England:
- Brentwood School, Essex, by Sir Antony Browne.
- Hampton School, Hampton, London, by Robert Hammond.
- Repton School, by Sir John Port.
- Welsh-born mathematician Robert Recorde publishes The Whetstone of Witte in London, containing the first recorded use of the equals sign and also the first use in English of plus and minus signs.
- German adventurer Hans Staden publishes a widely-translated account of his detention by the Tupí people of Brazil, Warhaftige Historia und beschreibung eyner Landtschafft der Wilden Nacketen, Grimmigen Menschfresser-Leuthen in der Newenwelt America gelegen ("True Story and Description of a Country of Wild, Naked, Grim, Man-eating People in the New World, America").
[edit] Births
- February 15 – Vittoria Accoramboni, Italian noblewoman (d. 1585)
- February 24 – Mathias, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1619)
- May 31 – Tsar Feodor I of Russia (d. 1598)
- August 16 – Agostino Carracci, Italian painter and graphical artist (d. 1602)
- August 19 – Frederick I, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1608)
- September 16 – Jacques Mauduit, French composer (d. 1627)
- date unknown
- Julius Caesar, English judge and politician (d. 1636)
- Giovanni Croce, Italian composer (d. 1609)
- Balthasar Gérard, assassin of William I of Orange (d. 1584)
- Toda Katsushige, Japanese warlord (d. 1600)
- Olaus Martini, Archbishop of Uppsala (d. 1609)
- Thomas Morley, English composer (d. 1602)
- Oda Nobutada, Japanese general (d. 1582)
- probable – Giovanni Gabrieli, Italian composer and organist (d. 1612)
[edit] Deaths
- January 2 – Pontormo, Italian painter (b. 1494)
- January 8 – Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach ("Albert the Warlike"), Prince of Bayreuth (b. 1522)
- April 9 – Mikael Agricola, Finnish scholar (b. c. 1510)
- April 21 – Petrus Apianus, German astronomer (b. 1495)
- June 11 – King John III of Portugal (b. 1502)
- July 8 (date of will) – Geoffrey Glyn, by his will founding Friars School, Bangor
- July 16 – Anne of Cleves, Fourth Queen of Henry VIII of England (b. 1515)
- August 1 – Olaus Magnus, Swedish ecclesiastic and writer (b. 1490)
- September 1 – Jacques Cartier, French explorer (b. 1491)
- September 13 – John Cheke, English classical scholar and statesman (b. 1514)
- September 27 – Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (b. 1497)
- October 5 or October 6 – Kamran Mirza, Mughal prince (b. 1509)
- October 25 – William Cavendish, English courtier (b. 1505)
- November 19 – Bona Sforza, queen of Sigismund I of Poland (b. 1494)
- December 13 – Niccolo Fontana Tartaglia, Italian mathematician (b. 1499)
- date unknown
- Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés, Spanish historian (b. 1478)
- Nicolas de Herberay des Essarts, French translator
- Jean Salmon Macrin, French poet (b. 1490)
- probable
- Sebastian Cabot, explorer (b. 1476)
- Thomas Crecquillon, Flemish composer (b. 1490)
[edit] References
- ^ Archer, Christon et al. (2002). World History of Warfare. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 251. ISBN 978-0803244238.
