1637

This article is about the year 1637. For the number see 1637 (number).

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	16th century – 17th century – 18th century
Decades:	1600s  1610s  1620s  – 1630s –  1640s  1650s  1660s
Years:	1634 1635 1636 – 1637 – 1638 1639 1640

1637 by topic:

Arts and Science

Architecture - Art - Literature - Music - Science

Lists of leaders

Colonial governors - State leaders

Birth and death categories

Births - Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments - Disestablishments

Works category

Works

1637 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1637 MDCXXXVII
Ab urbe condita	2390
Armenian calendar	1086 ԹՎ ՌՁԶ
Assyrian calendar	6387
Bahá'í calendar	-207–-206
Bengali calendar	1044
Berber calendar	2587
English Regnal year	12 Cha. 1 – 13 Cha. 1
Buddhist calendar	2181
Burmese calendar	999
Byzantine calendar	7145–7146
Chinese calendar	丙子年十二月初六日 (4273/4333-12-6) — to — 丁丑年十一月十六日 (4274/4334-11-16)
Coptic calendar	1353–1354
Ethiopian calendar	1629–1630
Hebrew calendar	5397–5398
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1693–1694
- Shaka Samvat	1559–1560
- Kali Yuga	4738–4739
Holocene calendar	11637
Igbo calendar
- Ǹrí Ìgbò	637–638
Iranian calendar	1015–1016
Islamic calendar	1046–1047
Japanese calendar	Kan'ei 14 (寛永14年)
Juche calendar	N/A (before 1912)
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 10 days
Korean calendar	3970
Minguo calendar	275 before ROC 民前275年
Thai solar calendar	2180

Year 1637 (MDCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Sunday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

• February 3 – Tulip mania collapses in the Dutch Republic.
• February 15 – Ferdinand III becomes the Holy Roman Emperor.
• February 18 – Eighty Years' War: Battle off Lizard Point: Off the coast of Cornwall, England, a Spanish fleet intercepts an Anglo-Dutch merchant convoy of 44 vessels escorted by 6 warships, destroying or capturing 20 of them.
• April 10 – Plymouth Colony grants the "tenn menn of Saugust" a new settlement on Cape Cod, later named Sandwich, Massachusetts.
• May 26 – Pequot War: A band of English settlers under Captain John Mason, and their Narragansett and Mohegan allies, set fire to a fortified Pequot village near the Mystic River in what is later known as the Mystic massacre. Between 400 to 700 people, mostly women and children and old men, are killed.
• May – Chinese encyclopedist Song Yingxing publishes his Tiangong Kaiwu (Exploitation of the Works of Nature), considered one of the most valuable encyclopedias of classical China.
• June 27 – The first English venture to China is attempted by captain John Weddell, who sails into port in Macau and Canton during the late Ming Dynasty. The voyages are for trade, which is dominated there by the Portuguese (then combined with the power of Spain).

July–December

• 23 July - After a court battle, King Charles I handed over title to the North American colony of Massachusetts to Sir Ferdinando Gorges, one of the founders of Plymouth Council for New England.
• October 13 – The launching ceremony is held for HMS Sovereign of the Seas, the gilded warship of the British Royal Navy.
• December 17 – The Shimabara Rebellion erupts in Japan.

Date unknown

• Second Manchu invasion of Korea: The Joseon court reluctantly submits to the Manchu's demands of vassalhood while continuing to pledge loyalty to the Chinese Ming Dynasty.
• Pierre de Fermat makes a notation, in a document margin, claiming to have proof of what would become known as Fermat's Last Theorem.
• France places a few missionaries in the Côte d'Ivoire, a country it will rule more than 200 years later.
• The Kingdom of England wages war against the Mashantucket Pequots.
• The first opera house, Teatro San Cassiano, opens in Venice.
• René Descartes promotes intellectual rigour in his Discourse on the Method and introduces the Cartesian coordinate system in its appendix La Géométrie (published in Leiden).
• Scottish army officer Robert Monro publishes Monro, His Expedition With the Worthy Scots Regiment Called Mac-Keys in London, the first military history in English.
• Elizabeth Poole becomes the first woman to have founded a town (Taunton, Massachusetts) in the Americas.
• The Blessed Virgin is proclaimed Queen of Genoa.
• Six European ships dock at a port in China, bringing 38,421 pairs of eyeglasses to China during the late Ming Dynasty, perhaps the first recorded European-made eyeglasses to enter China.
• 30,000 peasants in the heavily Catholic area of northern Kyūshū revolt.

Births

• January 1 – Emperor Go-Sai of Japan (d. 1685)
• February 12 – Jan Swammerdam, Dutch scientist (d. 1680)
• June 10 – Jacques Marquette, French Jesuit missionary and explorer (d. 1675)
• August 27 – Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore, Governor of the Province of Maryland (d. 1715)
• November 30 – Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont, French historian (d. 1698)
• December 6 – Edmund Andros, English governor in North America (d. 1714)
• December 7 – Bernardo Pasquini, Italian composer (d. 1710)
• December 24 – Pierre Jurieu, French Protestant leader (d. 1713)

Deaths

• February 15 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1578)
• March 19 – Péter Pázmány, Hungarian cardinal and statesman (b. 1570)
• April 30 – Niwa Nagashige, Japanese warlord (b. 1571)
• May 19 – Isaac Beeckman, Dutch scientist and philosopher (b. 1588)
• June 24 – Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc, French astronomer (b. 1580)
• August 6 – Ben Jonson, English writer (b. 1572)
• August 14 – Gabriello Chiabrera, Italian poet (b. 1552)
• August 17 – Johann Gerhard, German Lutheran leader (b. 1582)
• September 8 – Robert Fludd, English mystic (b. 1574)
• September 27 – Lorenzo Ruiz, Filipino saint (b. c.1600)
• December 4 – Nicholas Ferrar, English trader (b. 1592)
• December 27 – Vincenzo Giustiniani, banker (b. 1564)