1645
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This article is about the year 1645.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 16th century – 17th century – 18th century |
| Decades: | 1610s 1620s 1630s – 1640s – 1650s 1660s 1670s |
| Years: | 1642 1643 1644 – 1645 – 1646 1647 1648 |
| 1645 by topic: | |
| Arts and Science | |
| Architecture - Art - Literature - Music - Science | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| Colonial governors - State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births - Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments - Disestablishments | |
| Works category | |
| Works | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1645 MDCXLV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2398 |
| Armenian calendar | 1094 ԹՎ ՌՂԴ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6395 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -199–-198 |
| Bengali calendar | 1052 |
| Berber calendar | 2595 |
| English Regnal year | 20 Cha. 1 – 21 Cha. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2189 |
| Burmese calendar | 1007 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7153–7154 |
| Chinese calendar | 甲申年十二月初四日 (4281/4341-12-4) — to —
乙酉年十一月十四日(4282/4342-11-14) |
| Coptic calendar | 1361–1362 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1637–1638 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5405–5406 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1701–1702 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1567–1568 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4746–4747 |
| Holocene calendar | 11645 |
| Igbo calendar | |
| - Ǹrí Ìgbò | 645–646 |
| Iranian calendar | 1023–1024 |
| Islamic calendar | 1054–1055 |
| Japanese calendar | Shōhō 2 (正保2年) |
| Juche calendar | N/A (before 1912) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 10 days |
| Korean calendar | 3978 |
| Minguo calendar | 267 before ROC 民前267年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2188 |
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Year 1645 (MDCXLV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.
Events [edit]
January–June [edit]
- January 3 – The Long Parliament adopts the Directory of Public Worship in England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland, replacing the Book of Common Prayer (1559). Holy Days (other than Sundays) are not to be observed.
- January 10 – Archbishop of Canterbury William Laud is executed for treason on Tower Hill, London.
- January 14 – English Civil War: Fairfax is appointed Commander-in-Chief.
- January 29 – English Civil War: Armistice talks open at Uxbridge.
- February 2 – Battle of Inverlochy: The Covenanters are defeated by Montrose.
- February 15 – English Civil War: The New Model Army is officially founded.
- February 28 – English Civil War: Uxbridge armistice talks fail.
- March 4 – English Civil War: Prince Rupert leaves Oxford for Bristol.
- March 31 – Fearing the spread of the Black Death (plague), Edinburgh Town Council prohibits all gatherings except weddings and funerals.
- April 3 – The House of Lords passes the Self-denying ordinance, requiring members of the Parliament of England to resign commissions in the armed services.
- April 10 – Because of the plague, the Edinburgh town council orders that the college graduation ceremony should be brought forward so that students can leave the city (on November 19, teaching resumes in Linlithgow).
- April 23 (Saint George's Day) – English Civil War: One hundred and fifty Irish soldiers bound for service with King Charles I of England are captured at sea by Parliamentarians and killed at Pembroke in Wales.
- May 9 – Battle of Auldearn: Scottish Covenanters are defeated by Montrose.
- June 1 – English Civil War: Prince Rupert's army sacks Leicester.
- June 10 – English Civil War: Oliver Cromwell is confirmed as the Lieutenant-General of the Cavalry.
- June 14 – English Civil War – Battle of Naseby: 12,000 Royalist forces are beaten by 15,000 Parliamentarian soldiers.
- June 28 – English Civil War: The Royalists lose Carlisle.
July–December [edit]
- July 2 – Fight at Alford, Aberdeenshire.
- July 10 – English Civil War – Battle of Langport: Cromwell wins in Somerset.
- July 23 – Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich of Russia comes to the throne.
- August 13 – The Treaty of Brömsebro is signed between Sweden and Denmark-Norway, ending the Torstenson War and ceding Jemtland, Herjedalen, Gotland and Ösel (Saaremaa) to Sweden, which also holds the province of Halland for a period of 30 years as a guarantee.
- September 10 – English Civil War: Prince Rupert surrenders Bristol.
- September 13 – Battle of Philiphaugh: Covenanters defeat Montrose at Selkirk.
- September 24 – English Civil War – Battle of Rowton Heath: Parliamentarians defeat the Royalist cavalry.
- October 8–October 14 – English Civil War: Third siege of Basing House by Cromwell results in its destruction.
- October 8 – Jeanne Mance founds the Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, the first hospital in North America.
- October 11 – English Civil War: Re-fortification of Bourne Castle in Lincolnshire against a threatened Royalist attack begins.
Date unknown [edit]
- Bamana forces from Ségou invade the Mali heartland, destroying the Mali Empire after its 400 years as a unified state.
- The Stolberg-Wernigerode branch of the family of the counts of Stolberg and Wernigerode is founded in Germany.
- The Solar cycle enters the 70-year Maunder Minimum during which sunspots will be rare.[1]
- Wallpaper begins to replace tapestries as a wall decoration.
Births [edit]
- August 10 – Eusebio Kino, Italian Catholic missionary (d. 1711)
- August 16 – Jean de La Bruyère, French writer (d. 1696)
- September 21 – Louis Joliet, Canadian explorer (d. 1700)
- unknown date – Gian Antonio Fumiani, Italian painter of the Baroque period (d. 1710)
- probable – Captain William Kidd, Scottish pirate (d. 1701)
Deaths [edit]
- January 10 – William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1573)
- April 16 – Tobias Hume, English composer (b. c. 1559)
- June 13 – Miyamoto Musashi, Japanese swordsman (b. c. 1584)
- July 15 – Michael I of Russia (b. 1596)
- July 17 – Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset, Scottish politician (b. c. 1590)
- July 22 – Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares, Spanish statesman (b. 1587)
- August 6 – Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex, English merchant (b. 1575)
- August 18 – Eudoxia Streshneva, tsaritsa, wife of Mikhail I of Russia (b. 1608)
- August 28 – Hugo Grotius, Dutch philosopher and writer (b. 1583)
- September 8 – Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish writer (b. 1580)
- December 12 – Giovanni Bernardino Azzolini or Mazzolini or Asoleni, Italian painter (b. c. 1572)
References [edit]
- ^ Eddy, John A. (June 1976). "The Maunder Minimum". Science 192 (4245): 1189–1202. Bibcode:1976Sci...192.1189E. doi:10.1126/science.192.4245.1189. JSTOR 17425839. PMID 17771739.
