1775 in science
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| List of years in science (Table) |
|---|
| Related time period or subjects |
| Art Archaeology Architecture Literature Music Science more |
The year 1775 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Contents |
[edit] Events in 1775
- February 21 - La Specola, Florence's Museum of Zoology and Natural History, opens to the public.
[edit] Chemistry
- May 25 - Joseph Priestley's account of his isolation of oxygen in the form of a gas ("dephlogisticated air") is read to the Royal Society of London.[1]
[edit] Mathematics
- Lagrange's Recherches d'Arithmétique develops a general theory of binary quadratic forms.
[edit] Medicine
- Percivall Pott finds the first occupational link to cancer, contributing to the science of epidemiology.
[edit] Natural history
- Johann Christian Fabricius publishes his Systema entomologiæ.
- Peter Forsskål's Descriptiones Animalium: Avium, amphiborum, insectorum, vermium quæ in itinere orientali (containing early observations on bird migration) and Flora Ægyptiaco-Arabica sive descriptiones plantarum quas per Ægyptum Inferiorem et Arabiam felicem detexit are published posthumously, edited by Carsten Niebuhr.[2]
[edit] Technology
- James Watt's 1769 steam engine patent is extended to June 1800 by Act of Parliament of Great Britain and the first engines are built under it.[3][4]
- Jacques-Constantin Périer operates a paddle steamer on the Seine, but it proves to be underpowered.[5]
- Thomas Crapper patents a flush toilet in London.[6]
- Pierre-Simon Girard, age 74, invents a water turbine.
[edit] Awards
[edit] Births
- January 22 - André-Marie Ampère, French physicist (d. 1836)
- February 9 - Farkas Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1856)
- May 10 - William Phillips, English geologist (d. 1828)
- July 23 - Étienne-Louis Malus, French physicist and mathematician] (d. 1812)
- September 30 - Robert Adrain, Irish-born mathematician (d. 1843)
- November 19 - Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger, German entomologist and zoologist (d. 1813)
[edit] Deaths
- March 3 - Richard Dunthorne, English astronomer (b. 1711)
- October 25 - Johan Maurits Mohr, Dutch astronomer (b. 1716)
[edit] References
- ^ Priestley, Joseph (1775). "An Account of Further Discoveries in Air". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 65: 384–94. JSTOR 106209.
- ^ "The University of Copenhagen - A Danish centre of learning since 1479". Københavns Universitet. http://www.e-pages.dk/ku/196/99. Retrieved 2011-05-19.
- ^ Scherer, F. M. (1965). "Invention and Innovation in the Watt-Boulton Steam-Engine Venture". Technology and Culture 6: 165–87. JSTOR 3101072.
- ^ "The Invention of the Steam Engine: The Life of James Watt. Part 4: The Steam Engine Gains Popularity". About.com Inventors. http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blwattsenginespread.htm. Retrieved 2011-02-25.
- ^ Griffin, H. Philip (1958). The Birth of the Steamboat. London. p. 35.
- ^ "The Development of the Flushing Toilet - Detailed Chronology 1596 onwards". Stoke-on-Trent: Twyfords Bathrooms. http://www.twyfordbathrooms.com/default.asp?path=1;52;8648;8723.
