1789
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the year 1789.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 17th century – 18th century – 19th century |
| Decades: | 1750s 1760s 1770s – 1780s – 1790s 1800s 1810s |
| Years: | 1786 1787 1788 – 1789 – 1790 1791 1792 |
| 1789 by topic: | |
| Arts and Sciences | |
| Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature (Poetry) – Music – Science | |
| Countries | |
| Australia – Canada – Great Britain – United States | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| Colonial governors – State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Works category | |
| Works | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1789 MDCCLXXXIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2542 |
| Armenian calendar | 1238 ԹՎ ՌՄԼԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6539 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -55–-54 |
| Bengali calendar | 1196 |
| Berber calendar | 2739 |
| British Regnal year | 29 Geo. 3 – 30 Geo. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2333 |
| Burmese calendar | 1151 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7297–7298 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊申年十二月初六日 (4425/4485-12-6) — to —
己酉年十一月十五日(4426/4486-11-15) |
| Coptic calendar | 1505–1506 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1781–1782 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5549–5550 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1845–1846 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1711–1712 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4890–4891 |
| Holocene calendar | 11789 |
| Iranian calendar | 1167–1168 |
| Islamic calendar | 1203–1204 |
| Japanese calendar | Tenmei 9Kansei 1 (寛政元年) |
| Korean calendar | 4122 |
| Minguo calendar | 123 before ROC 民前123年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2332 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1789 |
Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar.
[edit] Events
[edit] January–June
- January 7 – 1789 United States presidential elections and House of Representatives elections are held.
- January 21 – The first American novel, The Power of Sympathy or the Triumph of Nature Founded in Truth, is printed in Boston, Massachusetts.
- January 23 – Georgetown University is founded in Washington, D.C., becoming the first Catholic college in the United States.
- February 4 – George Washington is unanimously elected the first President of the United States by the United States Electoral College.
- March 4 – At Federal Hall in New York City, the 1st United States Congress meets and declares the new United States Constitution to be in effect.
- April 1 – At Federal Hall, the United States House of Representatives attains its first quorum and elects Frederick Muhlenberg of Pennsylvania as its first Speaker of the House.
- April 7 – Selim III (1789–1807) succeeds Abd-ul-Hamid I (1773–1789) as Ottoman Sultan.
- April 28 – Mutiny on the Bounty: Fletcher Christian leads the mutiny on HMS Bounty against Captain William Bligh.
- April 30 – George Washington is inaugurated at Federal Hall in New York City, beginning his term as the first President of the United States.
- May 5 – In France, the Estates-General convenes for the first time in 175 years.
- June 14 – Bounty mutiny survivors, including Captain William Bligh and 18 others, reach Timor after a nearly 4,000-mile (6,400 km) journey in an open boat.
- June 17 – In France, representatives of the Third Estate at the Estates-General declare themselves the National Assembly.
- June 20 – Tennis Court Oath is made in Versailles.
- June 23 – Louis XVI of France makes a conciliatory speech urging reforms to a joint session and orders the three estates to meet together.
[edit] July–December
- July – An estimated 150,000 of Paris's 600,000 people are without work.
- July 1 – The comic ballet La fille mal gardée choreographed by Jean Dauberval is first presented under the title Le ballet de la paille at the Grand Théâtre de Bordeaux, in Bordeaux, France.
- July 9
- In Versailles, the National Assembly reconstitutes itself as the National Constituent Assembly and begins preparations for a French constitution.
- The Theater War officially ends.
- July 10 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches Mackenzie River Delta.
- July 11 – Louis XVI of France fires popular Chief Minister Necker.
- July 12 – An angry Parisian crowd demonstrates against the King’s decision to dismiss Minister Necker.
- July 13 – The people begin to seize arms for the defense of Paris.
- July 14 – The French Revolution (1789–1799) begins: Citizens of Paris storm the Bastille and free seven prisoners. In rural areas, peasants attack noble manors.
- July 27 – The first U.S. federal government agency under the new Constitution, the Department of Foreign Affairs (later renamed the Department of State), is established.
- August 4 – In France, members of the Constituent Assembly take an oath to end feudalism and abandon their privileges.
- August 7 – The United States Department of War is established.[1]
- August 21 – A proposal for a Bill of Rights is adopted by the United States House of Representatives.[2][3]
- August 26 – The Declaration of the Rights of Man is proclaimed in France by the Constituent Assembly.
- August 28 – William Herschel discovers Enceladus, one of Saturn's moons.
- September 2 – The United States Department of the Treasury is founded.
- September 15 – Department of State
- September 22 – Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792 – Battle of Rymnik: Alexander Suvorov roundly defeats 100,000 Turks.
- September 24 – The Judiciary Act of 1789 establishes the federal judiciary and the United States Marshals Service.[4]
- September 25 – The United States Congress proposes a set of 12 amendments for ratification by the states. Ratification for 10 of these proposals is completed on December 5, 1791, creating the United States Bill of Rights.
- September 29 – The U.S. Department of War establishes the nation's first regular army, with a strength of several hundred men.
- October – Some 7,000 women march 12 miles (19 km) from Paris to Versailles to demand action.
- November 6 – Pope Pius VI appoints John Carroll the first Roman Catholic bishop in the United States.
- November 20 – New Jersey ratifies the United States Bill of Rights, the first state to do so.
- November 21 – North Carolina ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the 12th U.S. state.
- November 26 – A national Thanksgiving Day is observed in the United States as recommended by President George Washington and approved by Congress.
- December 11 – The University of North Carolina, the oldest public university in the United States, is founded.
- December 23 – A leaflet circulated in France accuses marquis de Favras of plotting to rescue the royal family.
[edit] Date unknown
- The Bengal Presidency first establishes a penal colony in the Andaman Islands.
- Thomas Jefferson returns from Europe, bringing the first macaroni machine to the United States.
- Influenced by Dr. Benjamin Rush's argument against the excessive use of alcohol, about 200 farmers in a Connecticut community form a temperance association.
- Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, decrees that all peasant labor obligations be converted into cash payments.
- Fort Washington, Cincinnati, Ohio, is built to protect early U.S. settlements in the Northwest Territory.
[edit] Births
- January 4 – Benjamin Lundy, American abolitionist (d. 1839)
- January 12 – Ettore Perrone di San Martino, prime minister of Sardinia (d. 1849)
- January 21 – William Machin Stairs, Canadian businessman and statesman (d. 1865)
- February 22 – René Edward De Russy, Brigadier General of the United States Army, Superintendent of the United States Military Academy, and military engineer (d. 1865)
- March 16 – Georg Ohm, German physicist (d. 1854)
- May 1 – George Fife Angas, Founder of South Australia (d. 1879)
- July 19 – John Martin, English painter (d. 1854)
- August 21 – Augustin Louis Cauchy, French mathematician (d. 1857)
- August 28 – Stephanie de Beauharnais, Grand Duchess of Baden (d. 1860)
- September 15 – James Fenimore Cooper, American writer (d. 1851)
- October 8 – William John Swainson an English naturalist and artist (d. 1855)
- December 15 – Edward B Dudley, North Carolina governor
- December 28 – Catharine Sedgwick, American writer (d. 1867)
- date unknown
- Mohammad Ibrahim Zauq, Urdu poet (d. 1854)
- Friedrich List, German journalist (d. 1846)
[edit] Deaths
- January 1 – Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, English politician (b. 1716)
- January 4 – Thomas Nelson, Jr., American signer of the Declaration of Independence and Governor of Virginia (1781), (b. 1738)
- January 8 – Jack Broughton, English boxer (b. 1703)
- January 10 – James Mitchell Varnum, American brigadier general of the Revolutionary War and Continental Congressman for Rhode Island (b. 1748)
- January 13 – Joseph Spencer, American major general of the Revolutionary War and Continental Congressman for Connecticut (b. 1714)
- January 23 – Frances Brooke, English writer (b. 1724)
- January 25 – James Randolph Reid, American Continental Congressman for Connecticut (b. 1750)
- February 12 – Ethan Allen, American major general of the Revolutionary War and Vermont statesman (b. 1738)
- February 19 – Nicholas Van Dyke, American lawyer and President of Delaware (b. 1738)
- April 7
- Abd-ul-Hamid I, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1725)
- Petrus Camper, Dutch anatomist (b. 1722)
- April 13 – Joseph Spencer, American colonel of the Revolutionary War and Continental Congressman for New Hampshire (b. 1739)
- April 26 – Count Petr Ivanovich Panin, Russian soldier (b. 1721)
- May 9 – Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval, French artillery specialist (b. 1715)
- May 25 – Anders Dahl, Swedish botanist (b. 1751)
- June 4 – Prince Louis-Joseph of France, son of Louis XVI of France (tuberculosis) (b. 1781)
- July 13 – Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist (b. 1715)
- July 14 – Jacques de Flesselles, French provost (assassinated) (b. 1721)
- July 15 – Jacques Duphly, French composer (b. 1715)
- July 21 – Joseph Spencer, American Continental Congressman for Maryland (c. 1750)
- July 22 – Joseph-François Foulon, French politician (executed) (b. 1715)
- July 30 – Giovanna Bonanno, Italian poisoner and alleged witch
- September 4 – Paul Spooner, American lieutenant governor of Vermont (1782-1787) (b. 1746)
- September 23
- John Rogers, American Continental Congressman for Maryland (b. 1723)
- Silas Deane, American Continental Congressman for Connecticut (b. 1737)
- October 27 – John Cook, American farmer and President of Delaware (b. 1730)
- November 10 – Richard Caswell, American major general of the Revolutionary War, Continental Congressman and Governor of North Carolina (1776-1780, 1785-1787) (b. 1729)
- November 17 – Samuel Holden Parsons, American major general of the Revolutionary War and member of the Connecticut House of Representatives (b. 1737)
- December 3 – Claude Joseph Vernet, French painter (b. 1714)
- December 10 – William Pierce, American member of the Georgia House of Representatives and Continental Congressman for Georgia (c. 1753)
- December 12 – John Ponsonby, Irish politician (b. 1713)
- December 23 – Charles-Michel de l'Épée, French philanthropist and developer of signed French (b. 1712)
- date unknown – Angélique du Coudray, French pioneer of modern midwifery (b. 1712)
[edit] References
- ^ [1]
- ^ Adamson, Barry (2008). Freedom of Religion, the First Amendment, and the Supreme Court: How the Court Flunked History. Pelican Publishing. p. 93. http://books.google.com/books?id=Tgw-rCrNYacC&pg=PA93.
- ^ Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States, 1789-1793, Friday, August 21, 1789, p. 85, http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/hlaw:@field(DOCID+@lit(hj001139)):
- ^ "The First Supreme Court". History.com. http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history.do?action=VideoArticle&id=5371. Retrieved 2008-09-24.
