1792 in science
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The year 1792 in science and technology involved some significant events.
Contents |
[edit] Astronomy
- Franz Xaver, Baron Von Zach publishes The Tables of the Sun, an essential work for navigation.
- The first Royal Astronomer of Ireland is appointed: the post is combined with the position of Director of the Dunsink Observatory in Dublin.
[edit] Biology
- Scottish surgeon Robert Kerr publishes The Animal Kingdom, the first two volumes of an English translation of Linnaeus' Systema Naturae.
[edit] Exploration and survey
- May - George Vancouver explores Puget Sound and becomes the first European to see Mount Rainier.
- Ramsden theodolite constructed by Jesse Ramsden for the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain.[1]
[edit] History of science
- Kurt Sprengel publishes Versuch einer pragmatischen Geschichte der Arzneikunde in Halle, the first chronologically complete work on the history of medicine.[2]
[edit] Medicine
- Benjamin Rush campaigns for more humane treatment of psychiatric patients in Pennsylvania.[3]
- François Chopart performs plastic surgery on a lip using a flap from the neck.
[edit] Physics
- Abate Giovanni Battista Guglielmini publishes De diuturno terræ motu experimentis physico-mathematicis confirmato opusculum describing experiments carried out in Bologna to demonstrate rotation of the earth.
[edit] Technology
- Claude Chappe successfully demonstrates the first semaphore line, between Paris and Lille, constituting an optical telegraph.
- William Murdoch invents gas lighting.
- George Anschutz constructs the first blast furnace in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
- James Rumsey is granted a patent for a water turbine, in England.[4]
[edit] Awards
[edit] Births
- January 12 - Johan August Arfwedson, Swedish chemist (died 1841)
- February 1 - Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach, German plastic surgeon (died 1847)
- February 17 - Karl Ernst von Baer, Estonian naturalist (died 1876)
- March 7 - John Herschel, English mathematician and astronomer (died 1871)
- May 21 - Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis, French mathematician, discoverer of the Coriolis effect (died 1843)
[edit] Deaths
- October 28 - John Smeaton, English civil engineer (born 1724)
- October 28 - Paul Möhring, German physician and botanist (born 1710)
[edit] References
- ^ "Ramsden's three foot geodetic theodolite, 1792". Science Museum (London). http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects/surveying/1876-1203.aspx. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
- ^ "History of Medicine: Bibliography". 1902 Encyclopedia. http://www.1902encyclopedia.com/M/MED/medicine-39.html. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
- ^ Deutsch, Albert (2007). The Mentally Ill in America: a History of Their Care and Treatment From Colonial Times.
- ^ British patent no. 1903
