1818 in science
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The year 1818 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Astronomy
- January 3 (21:52 UTC) - Venus occults Jupiter, last occultation of one planet by another before 22 November 2065.
[edit] Chemistry
- Louis Jacques Thénard discovers hydrogen peroxide.[1]
[edit] Exploration
- John Ross sets sail in search of the Northwest Passage.
[edit] Medicine
- September 25 - In London, Dr James Blundell carries out the first blood transfusion using human blood.[2]
- Jean Esquirol produces reports urging greater medicalization in the treatment of insanity in France.
- Carl Ferdinand von Graefe publishes his pioneering work on rhinoplasty, Rhinoplastik.
[edit] Meteorology
- John Howard begins publication of The Climate of London, the first book on urban climatology in English, presenting new thinking on atmospheric electricity and the causes of precipitation.[3]
[edit] Physics
- Augustin-Jean Fresnel presents a memoir on diffraction of light to the Académie des Sciences.
[edit] Technology
- January 2 - Institution of Civil Engineers inaugurated in London.
- Robert Stirling builds the first practical version of his Stirling engine.
- First Chubb detector lock produced.[4]
[edit] Publications
- Benjamin Silliman begins publishing the American Journal of Science, concentrating on geology; by the 21st century it will be the longest-running scientific journal issued in the United States.
[edit] Awards
[edit] Births
- April 8 - August Wilhelm von Hofmann (d. 1892), German chemist.
- May 1 - Lyon Playfair (d. 1898), Scottish chemist.
- June 29 - Angelo Secchi (d. 1878), Italian astronomer.
- September 27 - Hermann Kolbe (d. 1884), German chemist.
- December 24 - James Prescott Joule (d. 1889), English physicist.
[edit] Deaths
- July 28 - Gaspard Monge (b. 1746), mathematician.
- August 11 - Ivan Petrovich Kulibin (b. 1735), inventor.
- Bryan Higgins (b. 1741), chemist.
[edit] References
- ^ Thénard, L. J. (1818). "Observations sur des nouvelles combinaisons entre l’oxigène et divers acides". Annales de chimie et de physique, 2me sér. 8: 306–312. http://books.google.com/books?id=-N43AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA306#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ^ Burton, Jim (2004). "Howard, Luke (1772–1864)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13928. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/13928. Retrieved 2011-09-30. subscription or UK public library membership required
- ^ Baren, Maurice (1997). How Household Names Began. London: Michael O'Mara Books. pp. 43–5. ISBN 1-85479-257-1.
