1821 in science
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The year 1821 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Astronomy
- Johann Franz Encke calculates that Comet Encke has a periodic orbit, the second comet after Comet Halley for which this has been discovered.
- Alexis Bouvard detects irregularities in the orbit of Uranus.
[edit] Biology
- William Jackson Hooker publishes Flora Scotica; or, A description of Scottish plants.
[edit] Chemistry
- John Kidd describes the properties of the substance which he calls naphthaline.[1]
[edit] Exploration
- William Edward Parry starts his second voyage to find the Northwest Passage.
[edit] Geology
- Ignatz Venetz proposes his ice age theory.
- Pierre Berthier discovers bauxite.
- Mary Anning finds the first ever plesiosaur fossil at Lyme Regis.
[edit] Mathematics
- Augustin Louis Cauchy gives the first complete presentation of calculus using limits.
[edit] Medicine
- Charles Bell presents a paper to the Royal Society, "On the Nerves, Giving an Account of some Experiments on their Structure and Functions, which lead to a New Arrangement of the System", identifying Bell's palsy; and also publishes his book Illustrations of the Great Operations of Surgery: Trepan, Hernia, Amputation, Aneurism, and Lithotomy (illustrated by himself).
- Jean Marc Gaspard Itard publishes Traité des maladies d'oreille et de l'audition in Paris, a major work on otology.
[edit] Paleontology
- William Buckland finds the remains of a hyena's den in Yorkshire, containing the bones of lions, elephants and rhinoceros.
[edit] Physics
- Michael Faraday discovers electromagnetic rotation.
- Thomas Johann Seebeck discovers the thermoelectric effect.
- Augustin Fresnel shows that light is made up of a traverse wave motion.
- John Herapath publishes a kinetic theory of gases.
[edit] Awards
[edit] Births
- May 16 - Pafnuty Chebyshev (d. 1894), mathematician.
- May 25 - Henri Alexis Brialmont (d. 1903), military engineer.
- August 16 - Arthur Cayley (d. 1895), mathematician.
- August 31 - Hermann von Helmholtz (d. 1894), physicist.
- October 13 - Rudolf Virchow (d. 1902), biologist.
- November 18 - Franz Bronnow (d. 1891), astronomer.
[edit] Deaths
- April 20 - Franz Karl Achard (b. 1753), chemist.
- Marie LaChapelle (b. 1769), obstetrician.
[edit] References
- ^ Kidd, John (1821). "Observations on Naphthaline, a peculiar substance resembling a concrete essential oil, which is apparently produced during the decomposition of coal tar, by exposure to a red heat". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 111: 209–221. doi:10.1098/rstl.1821.0017.
