1827 in science
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The year 1827 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Chemistry
- Aluminium isolated by Friedrich Wöhler.[1]
- William Prout classifies the components of food into the three main divisions of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.[2]
- Zeise's salt is the first platinum/olefin complex, an early example of organometallic chemistry.
- John Walker first offers friction matches for sale.
[edit] Exploration
- William Edward Parry reaches 82°45’N, which will remain for 49 years the highest latitude attained.[3][4]
[edit] Geology
- G. Poulett Scrope publishes his Memoir on the Geology of Central France, including the volcanic formations…, extending by detailed observation his work on volcanology.[5]
[edit] History of science
- John Farey publishes A Treatise on the Steam Engine, historical, practical and descriptive in London.
[edit] Medicine
- Robert Adams first describes the cardiac condition which will become known as Adams-Stokes syndrome.[6][7]
- Richard Bright first describes the renal condition which will become known as Bright's disease.[8]
[edit] Physics
- Robert Brown observes the phenomenon of Brownian motion.[9]
[edit] Technology
- April 26–May 24 - The Royal Netherlands Navy's British-built paddle steamer Curaçao makes the first Transatlantic Crossing by steam, from Hellevoetsluis to Paramaribo.[10]
[edit] Zoology
- John James Audubon begins publication of The Birds of America in the United Kingdom.
- Three giraffes, the first to be seen in Europe for over three centuries, are presented by the Ottoman Viceroy of Egypt, Mehmet Ali Pasha. Zarafa is presented to King Charles X of France in Paris on 9 July having walked from Marseilles (landed 31 October 1826). The others are presented to King George IV of the United Kingdom in London and Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, in Vienna.[11]
[edit] Higher Education
- Royal Institute of Technology (originally named 'Technological Institute') founded in Stockholm, Sweden.
[edit] Awards
[edit] Births
- January 13 (O.S. January 1) - Nikolay Beketov (d. 1911), Russian chemist.
- January 7 - Sandford Fleming (d. 1915), Canadian engineer and surveyor known as the "father of time zones".
- April 5 - Joseph Lister (d. 1912), British inventor of antiseptic.
- August 27 - Henry Edwards (d. 1891), English-born entomologist and actor.
- November 30 - George Jackson Mivart (d. 1900), English biologist.
- December 29 - Bernhard Sigmund Schultze (d. 1919), German obstetrician.
[edit] Deaths
- March 5
- Pierre-Simon Laplace (b. 1749), mathematician.
- Alessandro Volta (b. 1745), physicist.
- April 3 - Ernst Chladni (b. 1756), physicist.
- July 14 - Augustin-Jean Fresnel (b. 1788), physicist.
[edit] References
- ^ Wöhler, Friedrich. "Ueber das Aluminium". Annalen der Physik und Chemie. http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k150967/f158.table. Retrieved 09 July 2010.
- ^ Ahrens, Richard (1977). "William Prout (1785–1850): a Biographical Sketch". Journal of Nutrition 107 (1): 15–23. PMID 319206. http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/reprint/107/1/15. Retrieved 2008-03-06.
- ^ Narrative of the Attempt to reach the North Pole, &c.. 1827.
- ^ Berton, Pierre (1988). The Arctic Grail: the Quest for the North West Passage and the North Pole, 1818-1909. Toronto: Random House of Canada. p. 100. ISBN 1585741167.
- ^ Burke, James (1985). The Day the Universe Changed. London: BBC. p. 250. ISBN 0-563-20192-4.
- ^ Adams, Robert (1827). "Cases of Diseases of the Heart". Dublin Hospital Reports 4: 353–453.
- ^ Leibowitz, J. O. (1970). The History of Coronary Heart Disease. London: Wellcome Institute. pp. 110–111. ISBN 0-85484-005-2.
- ^ Bright, Richard (1827). Reports of Medical Cases, Selected with a View of Illustrating the Symptoms and Cure of Diseases by a Reference to Morbid Anatomy. 1. London: Longmans.
- ^ The Hutchinson Factfinder. Helicon. 1999. ISBN 1-85986-000-1.
- ^ "Steamship Curaçao". Archived from the original on 24 December 2010. http://www.vrcurassow.com/2dvrc/sscuracao/sscuracao.html. Retrieved 2011-02-02.
- ^ Allin, Michael (1999). Zarafa: A Giraffe's True Story, from Deep in Africa to the Heart of Paris. Delta Books. ISBN 0-385-33411-7.
