1845 in science
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| List of years in science (Table) |
|---|
| Related time period or subjects |
| Art Archaeology Architecture Literature Music Science more |
The year 1845 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Events
- January 14 – Physikalische Gesellschaft zu Berlin established and begins publishing Fortschritte der Physik and Verhandlungen.
- August 28 – The journal Scientific American begins publication.
- Alexander von Humboldt's Kosmos: Entwurf einer physischen Weltbeschreibung begins publication.
[edit] Astronomy
- April – Lord Rosse discovers that the nebula M51 has a spiral structure.
- Construction begins in Ireland of the "Leviathan of Parsonstown", a telescope built by Lord Rosse.
[edit] Biology
- August–September – Previously unknown Potato blight strikes the potato crop in Ireland: start of the Irish Potato Famine.[1][2]
[edit] Chemistry
- March 17 - Stephen Perry patents the rubber band in England.[3]
- Edmond Frémy discovers the oxidizing agent Frémy's salt.
[edit] Exploration
- August - John Franklin's expedition with HMS Erebus and HMS Terror to find the Northwest Passage is last seen entering Baffin Bay prior to its mysterious disappearance.[4]
[edit] Medicine
- December 27 - Anesthesia is used in childbirth for the first time, by Dr Crawford Long in Jefferson, Georgia.
[edit] Physics
- September 13 – Michael Faraday discovers that an intense magnetic field can rotate the plane of polarized light.
[edit] Transport
- July 26–August 10 – Isambard Kingdom Brunel’s iron steamship Great Britain makes the Transatlantic Crossing from Liverpool to New York, the first screw propelled vessel to make the passage.[5][6]
[edit] Awards
- Copley Medal: Theodor Schwann
- Wollaston Medal for Geology: John Phillips
[edit] Births
- March 3 - Georg Cantor (d. 1918), mathematician.
- March 27 - Wilhelm Röntgen (d. 1923), physicist, discoverer of X-rays, Nobel laureate.
- May 4 - William Kingdon Clifford (d. 1879), geometer.
- May 16 - Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (d. 1916), microbiologist, Nobel laureate.
- June 16 - Heinrich Dressel (d. 1920), archaeologist.
- July 4 - Thomas Barnardo (d. 1905), physician and philanthropist.
- September 11 - Emile Baudot (d. 1903), telegraph engineer.
- November 14 - Ulisse Dini (d. 1918), mathematician.
- Vasily Dokuchaev (d. 1902), geologist.
[edit] Deaths
- March 13 - John Frederic Daniell (b. 1790), chemist and physicist.
- March 18 - 'Johnny Appleseed' (John Chapman) (b. 1774), nurseryman.[7]
- October 18 - Dominique, comte de Cassini (b. 1748), astronomer.
- Jean Henri Jaume Saint-Hilaire (b. 1772), botanist.
[edit] References
- ^ "BBC Short History of Ireland". http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/ashorthistory/archive/intro181.shtml.
- ^ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 267–268. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ^ The Hutchinson Factfinder. Helicon. 1999. p. 549. ISBN 1-85986-000-1.
- ^ Fox, Stephen (2003). Transatlantic: Samuel Cunard, Isambard Brunel, and the Great Atlantic Steamships. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-019595-3.
- ^ "Great Britain". The Ships List. http://www.theshipslist.com/pictures/Greatbritain.htm. Retrieved 2010-10-01.
- ^ "Obituaries". The Fort Wayne Sentinel 67 (81). 22 March 1845.
