1855
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This article is about the year 1855.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 18th century – 19th century – 20th century |
| Decades: | 1820s 1830s 1840s – 1850s – 1860s 1870s 1880s |
| Years: | 1852 1853 1854 – 1855 – 1856 1857 1858 |
| 1855 in topic: |
| Humanities |
| Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature – Music |
| By country |
| Australia – Canada – France – Germany – Mexico – Philippines – South Africa – US – UK |
| Other topics |
| Rail Transport – Science – Sports |
| Lists of leaders |
| Colonial Governors – State leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Works category |
| Works |
| Gregorian calendar | 1855 MDCCCLV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2608 |
| Armenian calendar | 1304 ԹՎ ՌՅԴ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6605 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 11–12 |
| Bengali calendar | 1262 |
| Berber calendar | 2805 |
| British Regnal year | 18 Vict. 1 – 19 Vict. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2399 |
| Burmese calendar | 1217 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7363–7364 |
| Chinese calendar | 甲寅年十一月十三日 (4491/4551-11-13) — to —
乙卯年十一月廿三日(4492/4552-11-23) |
| Coptic calendar | 1571–1572 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1847–1848 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5615–5616 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1911–1912 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1777–1778 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4956–4957 |
| Holocene calendar | 11855 |
| Igbo calendar | |
| - Ǹrí Ìgbò | 855–856 |
| Iranian calendar | 1233–1234 |
| Islamic calendar | 1271–1272 |
| Japanese calendar | Ansei 2 (安政2年) |
| Juche calendar | N/A (before 1912) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 12 days |
| Korean calendar | 4188 |
| Minguo calendar | 57 before ROC 民前57年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2398 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1855 |
Year 1855 (MDCCCLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar.
Events[edit]
January–March[edit]
- January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario is incorporated as a city.
- January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru.
- January 23
- The first bridge over the Mississippi River opens in what is now Minneapolis, Minnesota, a predecessor of the modern-day Father Louis Hennepin Bridge).
- The region of Wairarapa, New Zealand is hit by the strongest earthquake ever recorded in New Zealand (Magnitude 8.1 on the Richter Scale); there are five deaths.
- January 26 – The Point No Point Treaty is signed in the Washington Territory.
- January 27 – The Panama Railway becomes the first railroad to connect the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean.
- January 29 – Lord Aberdeen resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom over the management of the Crimean War.
- February 5 – Lord Palmerston becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
- February 11 – Kassa Hailu is crowned Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia.
- February 12 – Michigan State University (the "pioneer" land-grant college) is established.
- February 15 – The North Carolina General Assembly incorporates the Western North Carolina Railroad to build a rail line from Salisbury to the western part of the state.[1]
- February 22 – Pennsylvania State University is founded as the Farmers' High School of Pennsylvania.
- March 3
- The United States Congress appropriates $30,000 to create the U.S. Camel Corps.
- Alexander II of Russia ascends the Russian throne, upon the death of his father Nicholas I.
- March 16 – Bates College is founded by abolitionists in Lewiston, Maine.
- March 17 – Taiping Rebellion: A Taiping army of 350,000 invades Anhui.
- March 30 – Elections are held for the first Kansas Territory legislature. Missourians cross the border in large numbers to elect a pro-slavery body.
April–June[edit]
- April 3 – The Nepalese invasion of Tibet starts the Nepalese-Tibetan War (1855-1856).[2]
- May 1 – Van Diemen's Land separated administratively from New South Wales and granted self-government.
- May 15
- Opening of the Exposition Universelle in Paris. A direct result of the exhibition is introduction of the Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855.[3]
- Great Gold Robbery from a train between London Bridge and Folkestone in England.[4]
- May 17 – The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, is dedicated (as the Jews' Hospital) in New York City; it opens to patients on June 5.
- May 22 – Province of Victoria separated administratively from New South Wales.
- June 15 – Stamp duty is removed from newspapers in Britain, creating mass market media in the United Kingdom.
- June 28 – The Sigma Chi Fraternity is founded at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio.
- June 29 – The Daily Telegraph newspaper begins publication in London.
July–September[edit]
- July 1 – Quinault Treaty signed, Quinault and Quileute cede their land to the United States.
- July 2 – The Kansas territorial legislature convenes in Pawnee and begins passing proslavery laws.
- July 4 – Walt Whitman's poetry collection Leaves of Grass is published in Brooklyn.
- July 16 – Australian Colonies granted self-governing status by the United Kingdom.
- August 1 – First ascent of Monte Rosa, the second highest summit in the Alps.
- September 3 – The last Bartholomew Fair is held in London, England.
- September 11 – Sevastopol falls to French and British troops.
- September 27 – Alfred Tennyson reads from his new book Maud and other poems at a social gathering in the home of Robert and Elizabeth Browning in London; Dante Gabriel Rossetti makes a sketch of him doing so.[5]
October–December[edit]
- October 17 – Henry Bessemer files his patent in the United Kingdom for the Bessemer process of steelmaking.[6]
- October 24 – Van Dieman's Land officially renamed Tasmania.
- November 17 – Scottish missionary explorer David Livingstone becomes the first European to see Victoria Falls in modern-day Zambia–Zimbabwe.[7]
- November 21 – Large-scale Bleeding Kansas violence begins with events leading to the 'Wakarusa War' between antislavery and proslavery forces.
- December 22 – The Metropolitan Board of Works is established in London.
Date unknown[edit]
- Palm oil sales from West Africa to the United Kingdom reach 40,000 tons.
Births[edit]
January–June[edit]
- January 5 – King Camp Gillette, American razor inventor (d. 1932)
- January 20 – Ernest Chausson, French composer (d. 1899)
- January 21 – John Moses Browning, American firearms inventor (d. 1926)
- January 28 – William Seward Burroughs, American bank clerk and inventor (d. 1898)
- February 20 – John R. Lindgren, Founder of the banking firm Haugan & Lindgren (d. 1915)
- March 4 – Luther Emmett Holt, American pediatrician (d. 1924)
- March 13 – Percival Lowell, American astronomer (d. 1916)
- March 24 – Andrew Mellon, American banker and philanthropist (d. 1937)
- April 9 – John Marden, Australian Headmaster and pioneer of women's education (d. 1924)
- April 21 – Hardy Richardson, 19th century baseball player (d. 1931)
- April 27 – Caroline Rémy, French feminist (d. 1929)
- May 1 – Marie Corelli, English novelist (d. 1924)
- May 9 – Julius Röntgen, German-Dutch classical composer (d. 1932)
- May 10 – Sri Yukteswar Giri, Author of The Holy Science
- May 21 – Emile Verhaeren, Belgian poet (d. 1916)
- May 23 – Isabella Ford, English socialist, feminist, trade unionist and writer (d. 1924)
July–December[edit]
- July 26 – Ferdinand Tönnies, German sociologist (d. 1936)
- August 25 – Hugo von Pohl, German admiral (d. 1916)
- September 25 – James P. Parker, United States Navy commodore (d. 1942)
- October 12 – Arthur Nikisch, Hungarian conductor (d. 1922)
- October 21 – Howard Hyde Russell, American activist (d. 1946)
- November 1 – Templin Potts, American naval officer; 11th Naval Governor of Guam (d. 1927)
- November 5 – Léon Teisserenc de Bort, French meteorologist (d. 1913)
- November 6 – Ezra Seymour Gosney, American philanthropist and eugenicist (d. 1942)
- December 28 – John William Wood Sr., North Carolinan politician, founder of Benson, North Carolina (d. 1928)
Deaths[edit]
January–June[edit]
- January 6 – Giacomo Beltrami, Italian explorer (b. 1779)
- January 10 – Mary Russell Mitford, English novelist and dramatist (b. 1787)
- January 15 – Henri Braconnot, French chemist and pharmacist (b. 1780)
- January 26 – Gérard de Nerval, French writer (b. 1808)
- February 6 – Josef Munzinger, Member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1791)
- February 23 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (b. 1777)
- March 2 – Nicholas I of Russia, 11th Tsar of Russia (b. 1796)
- March 8 – William Poole, infamous member of New York City's Bowery Boys gang (b. 1821)
- March 29 – Henri Druey, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1799)
- March 31 – Charlotte Brontë, English author (b. 1816)
- May 5 – Robert Inglis, English politician (b. 1786)
- May 23 – Charles Robert Malden English explorer (b. 1797)
- June 28 – Fitzroy Somerset, 1st Lord Raglan, commander of British forces in the Crimean War (b. 1788)
- June 28 – Pavel Nakhimov, Russian admiral (b. 1802)
July–December[edit]
- August 7 – Mariano Arista, President of Mexico (b. 1802)
- September 7 – William Barton Wade Dent, Congressman (b. 1806)
- November 11 – Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (b. 1813)
- November 17 – Maurycy Gottlieb, Ukrainian painter (b. 1856
- September 20 – José Trinidad Reyes, Honduran Father, National Hero, and founder of Autonomus National University of Honduras (b. 1797)
- November 26 – Adam Mickiewicz, Lithuanian-Polish poet and writer (b. 1798)
- December 6 – William John Swainson, English naturalist and artist (b. 1789)
References[edit]
- ^ "Railroad — Western North Carolina Railroad". North Carolina Business History. 2006. Retrieved 2013-05-09.
- ^ Rose, Leo E. (1971). Nepal: Strategy for Survival. University of California Press. pp. 110–111.
- ^ Wine-Searcher. Classification of Medoc and Graves of 1855.[dead link]
- ^ Hanrahan, David C. (2011). The First Great Train Robbery. London: Robert Hale. ISBN 978-0-7090-9040-3.
- ^ "Tennyson Reading 'Maud'". Pre-Raphaelite Online Resource. Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery. Retrieved 2013-05-09.
- ^ van Dulken, Stephen (2001). Inventing the 19th Century: the great age of Victorian inventions. London: British Library. pp. 30–1. ISBN 0-7123-0881-4.
- ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
