1857 in science
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The year 1857 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Astronomy
- Peter Andreas Hansen's Tables of the Moon are published in London.[1]
[edit] Biology
- Rev. M. J. Berkeley publishes Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany.
[edit] Chemistry
- Robert Bunsen invents apparatus for measuring effusion.
- Alfred Nobel patents dynamite.[2]
[edit] Earth sciences
- January 9 - Fort Tejon earthquake on the San Andreas Fault with a moment magnitude of 7.9.[3]
[edit] Medicine
- March 12 - Elizabeth Blackwell opens the New York Infirmary for Indigent Women and Children.
- Bénédict Morel publishes Traité des dégénérescences physiques, intellectuelles et morales de l'espèce humaine et des causes qui produisent ces variétés maladives.
[edit] Technology
- March 23 - Elisha Otis' first elevator is installed (at 488 Broadway (New York City)).
[edit] Publications
- Naturalist P. H. Gosse's creationist text Omphalos: An Attempt to Untie the Geological Knot is published in England.
[edit] Awards
- Copley Medal: Michel Eugène Chevreul
- Wollaston Medal for geology: Joachim Barrande
[edit] Births
- January 20 - Vladimir Bekhterev (d. 1927), Russian psychologist.
- March 27 - Carl Pearson (d. 1936), English mathematician.
- April 30 - Eugen Bleuler (d. 1939), Swiss psychiatrist.
- May 13 - Ronald Ross (d. 1932), Indian-born British physiologist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1902.
- May 15 - Williamina Fleming (d. 1911), Scottish-born American astronomer
- August 8 - Henry Fairfield Osborn (d. 1935), American paleontologist.
- November 1 - John Joly (d. 1933), Anglo-Irish physicist.
- November 27 - Charles Sherrington (d. 1952), English neurophysiologist and bacteriologist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1932.
[edit] Deaths
- January 2 - Andrew Ure (b. 1778), Scottish industrial chemist and encyclopaedist
- May 23 - Augustin Louis Cauchy (b. 1789), French mathematician.
- June 21 - Louis Jacques Thénard (b. 1777), French chemist.
- July 13 - Karl Wilhelm Gottlob Kastner (b. 1783), German chemist.
- July 29 - Charles Lucien Bonaparte (b. 1803), French naturalist.
- August 12 - William Conybeare (b. 1787), English geologist.
- December 15 - George Cayley (b. 1773), English aviation pioneer.
- December 17 - Francis Beaufort (b. 1774) British hydrographer.
[edit] References
- ^ W. T. L. (1875). "Peter Andreas Hansen". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 35: 168–170. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/MNRAS/0035//0000170.000.html. Retrieved 2011-08-26.
- ^ Schück, H.; Sohlman, R. (1929). The Life of Alfred Nobel. London: Heinemann.
- ^ "Historic Earthquakes: Fort Tejon, California". United States Geological Survey. 2009-10-21. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/events/1857_01_09.php. Retrieved 2011-07-19.
