1867 in science
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The year 1867 in science and technology involved many significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Events
- April - First clear recorded use of the word science in English with its modern usage as restricted to the natural and physical sciences (by Catholic theologian and mathematician W. G. Ward writing in the London-published Dublin Review).[1]
[edit] Biology
- Gorse naturalised in New Zealand and soon becomes the worst invasive weed.
- Swiss botanist Simon Schwendener proposes his dual theory of lichens.[2]
- Rosa 'La France', the first Hybrid Tea rose, is cultivated by Jean-Baptiste Guillot.[3][4]
[edit] Chemistry
- Henry Enfield Roscoe isolates vanadium.[5]
[edit] Economics
- Publication of the first volume of Das Kapital by Karl Marx.
[edit] Geology
- At Fountain Point, Michigan, an artesian water spring begins to gush continuously.[6]
- Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel established in the United States under the directorship of Clarence King.
[edit] History of science
- Assyriologist George Smith discovers an inscription recording a solar eclipse in the month of Sivan on British Museum Tablet K51, which he is able to link to 15 June 763 BC, the cornerstone of ancient Near Eastern chronology.[7]
[edit] Medicine
- March 16 - First publication of an article by Joseph Lister outlining the discovery of antiseptic surgery, in The Lancet.
- July 17 - In Boston, Massachusetts, the Harvard School of Dental Medicine is established as the first dental school in the United States.
- Yellow fever kills 3093 in New Orleans.
- Henry Maudsley publishes The Physiology and Pathology of Mind.
[edit] Technology
- January 1 - The Covington–Cincinnati Suspension Bridge opens between Cincinnati, Ohio and Covington, Kentucky, its 1,057-foot (322 m) main span making it the longest single-span bridge in the world by a margin of 14 m at this time. It will be renamed after its designer, John A. Roebling, in 1983.
- February 17 - The first ship passes through the Suez Canal.
- July 2 - First elevated railroad in the United States begins service in New York.
- Pierre Michaux invents the front wheel-driven velocipede, the first mass-produced bicycle.
[edit] Awards
[edit] Births
- November 7 - Maria Skłodowska, later Marie Curie (d. 1934), Polish-born physicist.
- December 1 - Ignacy Mościcki (d. 1946), chemist and President of Poland.
[edit] Deaths
- August 25 - Michael Faraday (b. 1791), English chemist and physicist.
[edit] References
- ^ "science, n.". Oxford English Dictionary online version. Oxford University Press. September 2011. http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/172672?redirectedFrom=science#eid. Retrieved 2011-10-31. subscription or UK public library membership required
- ^ Honegger, R. (2000). "Simon Schwender (1829–1919) and the dual hypothesis in lichens". Bryologist 103: 307–13. doi:10.1639/0007-2745(2000)103[0307:SSATDH]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0007-2745. JSTOR 3244159.
- ^ Hessayon, D. G.. The Rose Expert. Mohn Media Mohndrunk. p. 9.
- ^ "La France: Hybrid Tea Rose". Rosegathering. 2005. Archived from the original on 2009-09-21. http://www.rosegathering.com/lafrance.html. Retrieved 2011-08-17.
- ^ Roscoe, Henry E. (1869). "Researches on Vanadium – Part II". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 18: 37–42. doi:10.1098/rspl.1869.0012. http://rspl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/18/114-122/37. Retrieved 2011-09-22.
- ^ "Fountain Point". National Register of Historic Places. 2003. http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/MI/Leelanau/districts.html. Retrieved 2011-10-31.
- ^ Rawlinson, Henry C. (18 May 1867). "The Assyrian Canon Verified by the Record of a Solar Eclipse, B.C. 763". The Athenaeum (London) (2064): 660–1.
