1868 in paleontology

	… 1858; 1859; 1860; 1861; 1862; 1863; 1864; ; 1865; 1866; 1867; 1868; 1869; 1870; 1871; ; 1872; 1873; 1874; 1875; 1876; 1877; 1878 …;
	In science 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871
	Art; Archaeology; Architecture; Literature; Music; Philosophy; Science; +...

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1868.

Arthropoda[edit]

Newly named crustaceans[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Astacus politus^[2]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Schlüter	Early Cretaceous	Bückeberg Formation	Germany	Moved to the genus Protastacus in 1983.
Enoploclytia paucispina^[2]	Sp nov	Valid	Schlüter			Germany	An erymid.
Eurycarpus^[2]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Schlüter			Germany	A decapod, type species is E. nanodactylus.
Hoploparia macrodactyla^[2]	Sp nov	Valid	Schlüter			Germany	A lobster
Necrocarcinus senonensis^[2]	Sp nov	Valid	Schlüter			Germany	A necrocarcinid.
Palaeocorystes laevis^[2]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Schlüter	Late Cretaceous (Upper Santonian)		Germany	Moved to Bournelyreidus in 2012.
Squilla cretacea^[2]	Sp nov	Valid	Schlüter	Cretaceous		Germany	A mantis shrimp

Newly named insects[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aphaenogaster berendti^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	A myrmicine ant. Moved to Stenamma berendti in 1915	Stenamma berendti
Aphaenogaster sommerfeldti^[3]	Sp nov	valid	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	A myrmicine ant.	Aphaenogaster sommerfeldti
Camponotus constrictus^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil formicine ant., moved to Formica constrictus in 1915 Synonym of Cataglyphoides constrictus	Cataglyphoides constrictus
Camponotus mengei^[3]	Sp nov	valid	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil formicine ant.	Camponotus mengei
Enneamerus^[3]	Gen et 2 sp nov	valid	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	A myrmecine ant. 2 species	Enneamerus reticulatus
Formica flori^[3]	Sp nov	valid	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil formicine ant	Formica flori
Hypoclinea balticus^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil Dolichoderine ant, moved to Dolichoderus balticus in 1893	Dolichoderus balticus
Hypoclinea constricta^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil Dolichoderine ant, jr synonym of Yantaromyrmex constricta	Yantaromyrmex constricta
Hypoclinea cornuta^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil Dolichoderine ant, moved to Dolichoderus cornutus in 1893	Dolichoderus cornutus
Hypoclinea geinitzi^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil Dolichoderine ant, jr synonym of Yantaromyrmex geinitzi	Yantaromyrmex geinitzi
Hypoclinea goepperti^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil Dolichoderine ant, moved to Bothriomyrmex goepperti in 1893, jr synonym of Ctenobethylus goepperti	Ctenobethylus goepperti
Hypoclinea longipennis^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil Dolichoderine ant, moved to Dolichoderus longipennis in 1893	Dolichoderus longipennis
Hypoclinea sculpturata^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil Dolichoderine ant, moved to Dolichoderus sculpturata in 1893	Dolichoderus sculpturatus
Hypoclinea tertiaria^[3]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil Dolichoderine ant, moved to Dolichoderus tertiaria in 1893	Dolichoderus tertiarius
Myrmica duisburgi^[3]	sp nov	jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil Agroecomyrmecine ant, moved to Agroecomyrmex duisburgi in 1910	Myrmica duisburgi
Pheidologeton antiquus^[3]	sp nov	jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	Fossil myrmicine ant, moved to Aeromyrma antiqua in 1891 Synonym of Carebara antiqua	Carebara antiqua
Ponera succinea^[3]	Sp nov	jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	Baltic Amber	Europe	A ponerine ant, moved to Pachycondyla succinea in 1995	Pachycondyla succinea
Prenolepis pygmaea^[4]	Sp nov	Jr synonym	Mayr	Middle Eocene	European amber	Europe	Fossil formicine ant, jr synonym of Nylanderia pygmaea	Nylanderia pygmaea
Stigmomyrmex^[3]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Mayr	Middle Eocene	European amber	Europe	A myrmicin ant. Type species S. venustus	Stigmomyrmex venustus

Archosauromorphs[edit]

Newly named dinosaurs[edit]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aublysodon	Gen et sp nov	Nomen dubium	Leidy	Late Cretaceous	Judith River Formation	USA ( Montana)	Possible subjective synonym of Albertosaurus or Deinodon.	Aublysodon may be a synonym of Albertosaurus.
Diplotomodon	Gen nov	Nomen dubium	Leidy	Late Cretaceous	Navesink Formation or Hornerstown Formation	USA ( New Jersey)	Possible subjective synonym of Dryptosaurus.

Plesiosaurs[edit]

New taxa[edit]

Name	Status	Authors		Notes
Elasmosaurus	Valid	Cope

Synapsids[edit]

Non-mammalian[edit]

Name	Status	Authors	Discovery year	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Pristerodon	Valid	Huxley

References[edit]

^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g von der Marck, W.; Schlüter, C. (1868). Neue fische und krebse aus der kreide von Westphalen (PDF). Stuttgart: Palaeontographica. pp. 269–305. OCLC 39999779.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Wheeler, W. M. (1915). "The ants of the Baltic amber". Schriften der Physikalisch-Okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg. 55 (4): 56–59.
^ LaPolla, J.S.; Dlussky, G.M. (2010). "Review of fossil Prenolepis genus-group species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 112 (2): 258–273.

[1] Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.

[:0-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g von der Marck, W.; Schlüter, C. (1868). Neue fische und krebse aus der kreide von Westphalen (PDF). Stuttgart: Palaeontographica. pp. 269–305. OCLC 39999779.

[Wheeler1915-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Wheeler, W. M. (1915). "The ants of the Baltic amber". Schriften der Physikalisch-Okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg. 55 (4): 56–59.

[LaPolla2010-4] LaPolla, J.S.; Dlussky, G.M. (2010). "Review of fossil Prenolepis genus-group species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 112 (2): 258–273.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]