1871 in science
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The year 1871 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Medicine and physiology
- Porphyria is first explained biochemically by Felix Hoppe-Seyler.[1]
- Friedrich Trendelenburg describes the first successful elective human tracheotomy to be performed for the purpose of administering general anaesthesia.[2][3][4][5]
[edit] Paleontology
- Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis juvenile found in Summertown, Oxford.
[edit] Physics
- John Strutt publishes his first papers on the theory of acoustic resonance and on the phenomenon now called Rayleigh scattering, explaining why the sky is blue.[6]
[edit] Publications
- Cosmos: A Sketch of a Physical Description of the Universe by Alexander von Humboldt, covering a large number of topics in scientific exploration and invention.
- The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex by Charles Darwin, outlining his theory for man's origins and his theory of sexual selection, and including his first published use of the term evolution (published by John Murray in London, February 24).
[edit] Awards
- Copley Medal: Julius Robert von Mayer
- Wollaston Medal for Geology: Andrew Ramsay
[edit] Births
- January 7 - Émile Borel (d. 1956), French mathematician.
- October 19 - Walter Bradford Cannon (d. 1945), American physiologist.
[edit] Deaths
- March 18 - Augustus De Morgan (b. 1806), British logician.
- April 16 - Johann Ritter von Oppolzer (b. 1808), Austrian physician.
- May 11 - John Herschel (b. 1792), English mathematician and astronomer.
- October 18 - Charles Babbage (b. 1791), English mathematician and inventor of computing machines.
[edit] References
- ^ Hoppe-Seyler, F. (1871). "Das Hämatin". Tübinger Med-Chem Untersuch 4: 523–33.
- ^ Trendelenburg, F (1871). "Beiträge zu den Operationen an den Luftwegen [Contributions to airways surgery]" (in German). Archiv für Klinische Chirurgie 12: 112–33.
- ^ Hargrave, R. (1934). "Endotraheal Anesthesia in Surgery of the Head and Neck". Canadian Medical Association Journal 30 (6): 633–7. PMC 403396. PMID 20319535. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=403396.
- ^ Bain, J. A.; Spoerel, W. E. (1964). "Observation on the use of cuffed tracheqstomy tubes (with particular reference to the james tube)". Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Journal 11 (6): 598–608. doi:10.1007/BF03004104. PMID 14232175.
- ^ Wawersik, Juergen (1991). "History of Anesthesia in Germany". Journal of Clinical Anesthesia 3 (3): 235–44. doi:10.1016/0952-8180(91)90167-L. PMID 1878238. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/095281809190167L. Retrieved 2011-10-19.
- ^ Gavroglu, Kostas (2004). "Strutt, John William, third Baron Rayleigh (1842–1919)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/36359. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/36359. Retrieved 2011-11-03. subscription or UK public library membership required
