1879
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This article is about the year 1879. For the number see 1879 (number).
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 18th century – 19th century – 20th century |
| Decades: | 1840s 1850s 1860s – 1870s – 1880s 1890s 1900s |
| Years: | 1876 1877 1878 – 1879 – 1880 1881 1882 |
| 1879 in topic: |
| Humanities |
| Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature – Music |
| By country |
| Australia – Canada – France – Germany – Mexico – Philippines – South Africa – US – UK |
| Other topics |
| Rail Transport – Science – Sports |
| Lists of leaders |
| Colonial Governors – State leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Works category |
| Works |
| Gregorian calendar | 1879 MDCCCLXXIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2632 |
| Armenian calendar | 1328 ԹՎ ՌՅԻԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6629 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 35–36 |
| Bengali calendar | 1286 |
| Berber calendar | 2829 |
| British Regnal year | 42 Vict. 1 – 43 Vict. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2423 |
| Burmese calendar | 1241 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7387–7388 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊寅年十二月初九日 (4515/4575-12-9) — to —
己卯年十一月十九日(4516/4576-11-19) |
| Coptic calendar | 1595–1596 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1871–1872 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5639–5640 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1935–1936 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1801–1802 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4980–4981 |
| Holocene calendar | 11879 |
| Igbo calendar | |
| - Ǹrí Ìgbò | 879–880 |
| Iranian calendar | 1257–1258 |
| Islamic calendar | 1296–1297 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiji 12 (明治12年) |
| Juche calendar | N/A (before 1912) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 12 days |
| Korean calendar | 4212 |
| Minguo calendar | 33 before ROC 民前33年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2422 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1879 |
Year 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar.
Events [edit]
January–March [edit]
- January – The current constitution of the State of California in the United States is ratified.
- January 1 – The Specie Resumption Act takes effect. The United States Note is valued the same as gold for the first time since the American Civil War.
- March 28 – Anglo–Zulu War – Battle of Hlobane: British forces suffer a defeat.
- March 29 – Anglo–Zulu War – Battle of Kambula: British forces defeat 20,000 Zulus.
April–June [edit]
- April – Postman Ferdinand Cheval begins to build his Palais Idéal at Hauterives in France.
- April 5 – War of the Pacific: Chile formally declares war on Bolivia and Peru.[1]
- May 2 – The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español) is founded clandestinely at the Casa Labra pub in Madrid by printer Pablo Iglesias.[2]
- May 12 – The English convert John Henry Newman is elevated to Cardinal.
- May 14 – The first group of 463 Indian indentured labourers arrive in Fiji aboard the Leonidas.
- May 26 – Russia and the United Kingdom sign the Treaty of Gandamak, establishing an Afghan state.
- May 30 – New York City's Gilmore's Garden is renamed Madison Square Garden by William Henry Vanderbilt, and is opened to the public at 26th Street and Madison Avenue.
- June 1 – Napoléon, Prince Imperial (Napoléon IV), great-nephew of Napoléon Bonaparte, Bonapartist pretender to the French throne, is killed in Africa while attached to the British Army during the Anglo–Zulu War.
- June 14 – Sidney Faithorn Green, a priest in the Church of England, is tried and convicted for using Ritualist practices.
- June 21 – German company Linde is founded by Carl von Linde.
July–September [edit]
- July 4 – Anglo–Zulu War: The Anglo–Zulu War effectively ends with British victory at the Battle of Ulundi.[3]
- July 19 – Doc Holliday kills for the first time after a man shoots up Holliday's New Mexico saloon.
- August 21 – Claimed apparation to local people at Knock in Ireland of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Saint Joseph, Saint John the Evangelist and Jesus Christ (as the Lamb of God).
- September – Henry George self-publishes his major work Progress and Poverty.[4]
- September 8 – A fire in The Octagon, Dunedin claims 12 victims in New Zealand.
- September 25 – Fire in Deadwood, South Dakota: Two thousand people left homeless; three hundred buildings destroyed. Total loss of property is estimated at $3 million.
- September 29 – Meeker Massacre: Nathan Meeker and others are killed in an uprising at the White River Ute Indian Reservation in Colorado.
October–December [edit]
- October 7 – The Dual Alliance is formed by Germany and Austria-Hungary.
- October 8 – The Naval Battle of Angamos is fought during the naval stage of the War of the Pacific.
- October 13 – First female students admitted to study for degrees of Oxford University in England, at the new Lady Margaret Hall and Somerville Hall and with the Society of Oxford Home-Students.[3]
- October 17 – Sunderland Association Football Club is formed by a group of schoolteachers in the North East of England.
- October 22 – Using a filament of carbonized thread, Thomas Edison tests the first practical electric light bulb (it lasts 13½ hours before burning out).
- November – Land is acquired for Simmons College of Kentucky, a historically black school, established as a Baptist institution.
- November 4 — Thomas Edison applies for the patent for his invention, the incandescent light bulb U.S. Patent 223,898 will be granted on January 27, 1880.[5]
- November 10 — The Bell Telephone Company and Western Union reach an agreement, in which the former assents to staying out of telegraphy, and the latter to keep out of the telephone business.[6]
- December 21 – Henrik Ibsen's controversial drama A Doll's House premières at the Royal Danish Theatre in Copenhagen (having been first published on December 4 in the city).
- December 28 – The Tay Bridge disaster: The central part of the Tay Rail Bridge at Dundee, Scotland collapses in a storm as a train passes over it, killing 75.[3]
- December 30 – Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera The Pirates of Penzance is first performed in Paignton, Devon, England.[7]
- December 31 – Thomas Edison demonstrates incandescent lighting to the public for the first time in Menlo Park, New Jersey.
Date unknown [edit]
- Colonel Ahmed Orabi forms the Egyptian Nationalist Party.
- Fulham F.C. is founded in London as a church team.
- The Hall effect is discovered by Dr. Edwin Hall.
- The Stefan–Boltzmann law is discovered by Jozef Stefan.
- Wilhelm Wundt establishes the first psychology research laboratory at the University of Leipzig.
- The Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) is formed.
- Tetteh Quarshie first brings cocoa beans to Ghana from Equatorial Guinea.
- Age of Gabriel ends and the Age of Michael begins according to Johannes Trithemius.
Births [edit]
January–March [edit]
- January 1 – E. M. Forster, English writer (d. 1970)
- January 3 – Grace Coolidge, First Lady of the United States (d. 1957)
- January 10 – Bobby Walker, Scottish footballer (d. 1930)
- January 12
- Ray Harroun, American race car driver (d. 1968)
- Calbraith Perry Rodgers, American pioneer aviator, made first transcontinental U.S. flight (d. 1912)
- January 13 – Melvin Jones, American founder of Lions Clubs International (d. 1961)
- January 18 – Tane Ikai, oldest undisputed Japanese person ever. She died on July 12 1995.
- January 20 – Ruth St. Denis, American dancer (d. 1968)
- January 28 – Francis Picabia, French painter and poet (d. 1953)
- February 22 – J. N. Brønsted, Danish chemist (d. 1947)
- February 26 – Frank Bridge, English composer (d. 1941)
- March 3 – József Klekl, Slovene writer and journalist (d. 1936)
- March 6 – William P. Cronan, 19th Naval Governor of Guam (d. 1929)
- March 8 – Otto Hahn, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1968)
- March 14 – Albert Einstein, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)
- March 26 – Othmar Ammann, Swiss-born engineer (d. 1965)
- March 27
- Edward Steichen, Luxembourgeois-born painter/photographer (d. 1973)
- Sahan Dosova, she claimed to be 130 before she died (d. 2009)
- March 30 – Coen de Koning, Dutch speed skater (d. 1954)
April–June [edit]
- April 9 – Thomas Meighan, American stage & screen actor (d. 1936)
- April 16 – Gala Galaction, Romanian writer (d. 1961)
- April 20
- Paul Poiret, French couturier (d. 1944)
- Robert Wilson Lynd, Northern Irish essayist and writer (d. 1949)
- April 26 – Owen Willans Richardson, British physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1959)
- April 29 – Sir Thomas Beecham, English conductor (d. 1961)
- May 6 – Bedřich Hrozný, Czech orientalist and linguist (d. 1952)
- May 12 – George Landenberger, United States Navy Captain and the 23rd Governor of American Samoa (d. 1936)
- May 17 – Simon Petlyura, Ukrainian independence fighter (d. 1926)
- May 19
- Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor, American-born politician (d. 1964)
- Viscount Waldorf Astor, British businessman and politician (d. 1952)
- May 22 – Alla Nazimova, Ukrainian-born stage and film actress (d. 1945)
- May 23 – Dezső Lauber, Hungarian sportsman (d. 1966)
- May 25
- Max Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook, Canadian-born statesman and newspaper publisher (d. 1964)
- Andrew Kennaway Henderson, New Zealand illustrator, cartoonist, and pacifist (d. 1960)
- May 27 – Lucile Watson, stage & screen actress (d. 1962)
- June 3 – Raymond Pearl, American biologist (d. 1940)
- June 7 – Joan Voûte, Dutch astronomer (d. 1963)
- June 7 – Knud Rasmussen, Greenlander explorer (d. 1933)
- June 10 – Rafael Erich, Prime minister of Finland (d. 1946)
July–September [edit]
- July 1 – Léon Jouhaux, French labour leader, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1954)
- July 5 – Wanda Landowska, Polish harpsichordist and musicologist (d. 1959)
- July 9 – Ottorino Respighi, Italian composer, musicologist, and conductor (d. 1936)
- July 10 – Charles P. Snyder, American admiral (d. 1964)
- July 15 – Joseph Campbell, Northern Irish poet and lyricist (d. 1944)
- July 22 – Janusz Korczak (pen-name of Henryk Goldszmit), Polish-Jewish children's author, pediatrician, and child pedagogist (born 1878 or 1879) (d. 1942)
- August 8 – Emiliano Zapata, Mexican revolutionary (d. 1919)
- August 13 – John Ireland, English composer and organist (d. 1962)
- August 15 – Ethel Barrymore, American stage & film actress (d. 1959)
- August 21 – Claude Grahame-White, British aviation pioneer (d. 1959)
- August 30 – Fritzi Scheff, actress and singer, (d. 1954)
- August 31 – Emperor Taishō, 123rd Emperor of Japan (d. 1926)
- September 2 – Ahn Jung-Keun, Eu-sa ('righteous hero' in Korean) and general, assassin of the Japanese politician Itō Hirobumi (d. 1910)
- September 6
- Joseph Wirth, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1956)
- Max Schreck, German actor (d. 1936)
- September 13 – Tsutomu Sakuma, Japanese, The sixth submarine corps coxswain (d. 1910)
- September 14 – Margaret Sanger, American birth control advocate (d. 1966)
- September 15 – Joseph Lyons, Premier of Tasmania and Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1939)
- September 20 – Victor Sjöström, Swedish film actor and director (d. 1960)
- September 25 – Lope K. Santos, Filipino writer, father of Philippine national language and grammar (d. 1963)
- September 27 – Hans Hahn, Austrian mathematician (d. 1934)
October–December [edit]
- October 2 – Wallace Stevens, American poet (d. 1955)
- October 3 – Warner Oland, Swedish-born actor (d. 1938)
- October 5 – Francis Peyton Rous, American pathologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1970)
- October 9 – Max von Laue, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1960)
- October 21
- Joseph Canteloube, French composer and singer (d. 1957)
- Eugene Ely, American pioneer aviator; first shipboard takeoff and landing (d. 1911)
- October 29 – Franz von Papen, German Chancellor and diplomat (d. 1969)
- November 4 – Will Rogers, American humorist (d. 1935)
- November 7 – Leon Trotsky, Russian revolutionary (d. 1940)
- November 9 – S. O. Davies, oldest post-war British MP (d. 1972)
- November 10
- Vachel Lindsay, American poet (d. 1931)
- Patrick Pearse, Irish patriot (d. 1916)
- November 15 – Lewis Stone, American stage & film actor Judge Hardy (d. 1953)
- November 26 – Charles W. Goddard, playwright and screenwriter (d. 1951)
- December 1 – Georgy Zhukov, Soviet general (d. 1974)
- December 4 – Nagai Kafu, Japanese writer (d. 1959)
- December 10 – Jouett Shouse, American politician (d. 1968)
- Hanna Grönvall, Swedish politician and trade union worker. (d. 1953)
- December 12 – Laura Hope Crews, American stage and film actress (Aunt PittyPat) (d. 1942)
- December 13 – Eleanor Robson Belmont aka Eleanor Robson, stage actress and philanthropist (d. 1979)
- December 18
- Paul Klee, Swiss artist (d. 1940)
- Joseph Stalin, Soviet dictator (d. 1953)
- December 20 – Earle Ovington, American aviator, flew first experimental airmail (d. 1936)
- December 25 – Grace George, American stage actress (d. 1961)
- December 27 – Sydney Greenstreet, British stage and screen actor (d. 1954)
- December 28 – Billy Mitchell, U.S. general and military aviation pioneer (d. 1936)
- December 29 – Florence Mary Taylor, Australia's first female architect (d. 1969)
Date unknown [edit]
- Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld, American jurist (d. 1918)
Deaths [edit]
January–June [edit]
- January 8 – Baldomero Espartero, Prince of Vergara (b. 1793)
- January 24 – Heinrich Geißler, German Physicist (b. 1814)
- February 11 – Honoré Daumier, French caricaturist and painter (b. 1808)
- February 23 – Albrecht Graf von Roon, Prime Minister of Prussia (b. 1803)
- February 25 – Charles Peace, British criminal (executed) (b. 1832)
- March 1 – Joachim Heer, Swiss politician (b. 1825)
- March 2 – John Eberhard Faber, pencil manufacturer (b. 1822)
- March 10 – Prince Paul of Thurn and Taxis, German prince (b. 1843)
- March 27
- Hércules Florence, Brazilian photographer (b. 1804)
- Prince Waldemar of Prussia (b. 1868)
- March 30 – Thomas Couture, French painter and teacher (b. 1815)
- April 16 – Bernadette Soubirous, French Saint (b. 1844)
- April 30 – Sarah Josepha Hale, American author (b. 1788)
- May 5 – Félix Charles Douay, French general (b. 1816)
- June 1 – Napoléon, Prince Imperial, son of French Emperor Napoleon III (b. 1856)
- June 7 – William Tilbury Fox, English dermatologist (b. 1836)
- June 11 – William, Prince of Orange, Heir to Dutch throne (b. 1840)
July–December [edit]
- July 17 – Maurycy Gottlieb, Ukrainian painter (b. 1856)
- July 19 – Louis Favre, French engineer (b. 1826)
- August 11 – George Willison Adams, Ohio abolitionist (b. 1799)
- August 30 – John Bell Hood, American Confederate general (b. 1831)
- September 30 – Francis Gillette, politician (b. 1807)
- October 8 – Miguel Grau Seminario, Peruvian Admiral during the War of the Pacific (b. 1834)
- October 31 – Joseph Hooker, American general (b. 1814)
- November 5 – James Clerk Maxwell, Scottish physicist (b. 1831)
- December 2 – Ferdinand Lindheimer, German-born botanist (b. 1801)
- December 7 – Jón Sigurðsson, campaigner for Icelandic independence (b. 1811)
References [edit]
- ^ Kohn, George C., ed. (2006). "Pacific, War of the". Dictionary of Wars. Infobase Publishing. p. 389.
- ^ "El Partido Socialista se fundó en 1879". PSOE. Retrieved 2013-02-08.
- ^ a b c Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 303–304. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Commercially published in 1880 by D. Appleton & Company, New York.
- ^ Usher, Abbott Payson (1954). A History of Mechanical Inventions. Courier Dover Publications. p. 402.
- ^ Schwarzlose, Richard A. (1990). The Nation's Newsbrokers: The Rush to Institution: From 1865 to 1920. Northwestern University Press. p. 84.
- ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
