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The year 1894 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Astronomy
- March 21 (23:00 GMT) - Syzygy: Mercury transits the Sun as seen from Venus, and Mercury and Venus both simultaneously transit the Sun as seen from Saturn.
[edit] Biology
- Patrick Manson develops the thesis that malaria is spread by mosquitoes.
- Jean Pierre Mégnin publishes La faune des cadavres application de l'entomologie à la médecine légale in Paris, an important text in forensic entomology.[1]
[edit] Chemistry
- Argon identified by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay.[2][3]
- Viscose, a form of artificial silk or rayon, is patented by Charles Frederick Cross with Edward John Bevan and Clayton Beadle.
[edit] Psychology
- Psychological Review established in the United States by James Mark Baldwin and James McKeen Cattell.
[edit] Technology
- February 13 - Auguste and Louis Lumière patent the Cinematographe, a combination movie camera and projector.
- August 13 - The first Allan truss bridge, designed by Percy Allan, is completed in New South Wales.[4]
- Construction of the of first oil-engined rail locomotive, an experimental unit designed by William Dent Priestman and built by his company, Priestman Brothers of Hull, England.[5]
- John Joly of Dublin devises the Joly colour screen, an additive colour photographic process for producing images from a single photographic plate.[6]
[edit] Awards
- Copley Medal: Edward Frankland
- Wollaston Medal for Geology: Karl von Zittel
[edit] Births
- January 1 - S. N. Bose (d. 1974), Indian physicist.
- February 11 - Izaak Kolthoff (d. 1993), Dutch 'father of analytical chemistry'.
- July 17 - Georges Lemaître (d. 1966), Belgian physicist.
- November 19 - Heinz Hopf (d. 1971), German mathematician.
[edit] Deaths
- February 3 - Edmond Frémy (b. 1814), chemist.
- November 26 - Pafnuty Chebyshev (b. 1821), mathematician.
- September 8 - Hermann von Helmholtz (b. 1821), physicist.
- January 1 - Heinrich Hertz (b. 1857), physicist.
[edit] References
- ^ Benecke, Mark (2001). "A brief history of forensic entomology". Forensic Science International 120 (1–2): 2–14. doi:10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00409-1. PMID 11457602. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0379073801004091. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
- ^ Rayleigh, Lord; Ramsay, William (1894–5). "Argon, a New Constituent of the Atmosphere". Proceedings of the Royal Society (London) 57 (1): 265–287. doi:10.1098/rspl.1894.0149. JSTOR 115394.
- ^ Emsley, John (2001). Nature's Building Blocks: an A–Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. pp. 35–36. ISBN 0-19-850340-7.
- ^ "Timber Truss Bridges". McMillan Britton & Kell Pty Limited. Roads and Traffic Authority. December 1998. http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au/environment/downloads/heritage/bridge-types_historical-overviews_2006-timbertruss.pdf. Retrieved 2011-06-17.
- ^ Webb, Brian (1973). The British Internal Combustion Locomotive 1894-1940. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-6115-5.
- ^ Hirsch, Robert (2005). Exploring Colour Photography: a Complete Guide (new ed.). London: Laurence King Publishing. pp. 29–30. ISBN 1856694208.
