1907 in science
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| List of years in science (Table) |
|---|
| Related time period or subjects |
| Art Archaeology Architecture Literature Music Science more |
The year 1907 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Chemistry
- Emil Fischer artificially synthesizes peptide amino acid chains and thereby shows that amino acids in proteins are connected by amino group-acid group bonds.
- Hermann Staudinger prepares the first synthetic β-lactam.
- Georges Urbain discovers Lutetium (from Lutetia, the ancient name of Paris).
[edit] Geology
- Bertram Boltwood proposes that the amount of lead in uranium and thorium ores might be used to determine the Earth's age and crudely dates some rocks to have ages between 410—2200 million years.
- The Moine Thrust Belt in Scotland is identified by Ben Peach and John Horne, one of the first to be discovered.[1][2]
[edit] Medicine
- Reuben Ottenberg performs the first successful human blood transfusion using blood typing and cross-matching at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York.[3]
- Paul Ehrlich develops a chemotherapeutic cure for sleeping sickness.
- George Soper identifies "Typhoid Mary" Mallon as an asymptomatic carrier of typhoid in New York.[4]
- Dengue fever becomes the second disease shown to be caused by a virus.[5]
[edit] Paleontology
- October 21 - Jaw of Homo heidelbergensis (Mauer 1) found.[6]
[edit] Physics
- Albert Einstein introduces the principle of equivalence of gravitation and inertia and uses it to predict the gravitational redshift.
[edit] Psychology
- Ivan Pavlov demonstrates conditioned responses with salivating dogs.
- Vladimir Bekhterev begins publication of Objective Psychology.[7]
[edit] Technology
- August 29 - The partially completed Quebec Bridge collapses.[8]
- Lee DeForest invents the triode thermionic amplifier, starting the development of electronics as a practical technology.
- The Autochrome Lumière is the first color photography process marketed.
- Samuel Simon patents a screenprinting process in the United Kingdom.
[edit] Zoology
- Carl Hagenbeck opens the Tierpark Hagenbeck in Stellingen, near Hamburg, Germany, the first zoo to use open moated enclosures, rather than barred cages, to better approximate animals' natural environments.[9][10]
[edit] Awards
[edit] Births
- January 12 - Sergei Korolev (d. 1966), Ukrainian-born space scientist.
- March 18 - J. Z. Young (d. 1997), English zoologist and neurophysiologist.
- April 15 - Nikolaas Tinbergen (d. 1988), Dutch ethologist, ornithologist and Nobel Prize laureate.
- June 1 - Frank Whittle (d. 1996), English aeronautical engineer.
- June 25 - Hans Daniel Jensen (d. 1973), German physicist.
- July 7 - Robert A. Heinlein (died 1988), American hard science fiction author.
- August 30 - John Mauchly (d. 1980), American co-inventor of the ENIAC computer.
- September 14 - Solomon Asch (died 1996), Polish-born social psychologist.
[edit] Deaths
- January 20 - Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (b. 1834), chemist.
- February 5 (O.S. January 22) - Nikolai Menshutkin (b. 1842), chemist.
- May 19 - Sir Benjamin Baker (b. 1840), civil engineer.
- July 14 - Sir William Perkin (b. 1838), chemist.
- December 17 - William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin (b. 1824), physicist.
[edit] References
- ^ Peach, B. N. et al. The Geological Structure of the North-West Highlands of Scotland. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Great Britain, Scotland. Glasgow: H.M.S.O.
- ^ Oldroyd, David R. (1990). The Highlands Controversy: Constructing Geological Knowledge through Fieldwork in Nineteenth-Century Britain. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226626345.
- ^ "The History of Blood Transfusion Medicine". BloodBook.com. 2005. http://www.bloodbook.com/trans-history.html. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
- ^ Soper, George A. (15 June 1907). "The work of a chronic typhoid germ distributor". Journal of the American Medical Association 48: 2019–22. http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/XLVIII/24/2019.full.pdf+html. Retrieved 2011-04-04.
- ^ Henchal, Erik A.; Putnak, J. Robert (October 1990). "The Dengue Viruses". Clinical Microbiology Reviews (American Society for Microbiology) 3 (4): 376–96. doi:10.1128/CMR.3.4.376. PMC 358169. PMID 2224837. http://cmr.asm.org/cgi/reprint/3/4/376. Retrieved 2011-11-26.
- ^ Schoetensack, Otto (1908). Der Unterkiefer des Homo heidelbergensis aus den Sanden von Mauer bei Heidelberg. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.
- ^ "Vladimir Bekhterev". Russia-IC. http://www.russia-ic.com/people/education_science/b/348/. Retrieved 2011-04-15.
- ^ Ricketts, Bruce. "The Collapse of the Quebec City Bridge". Mysteries of Canada. http://www.mysteriesofcanada.com/Quebec/quebec_bridge_collapse.htm. Retrieved 2011-08-16.
- ^ "Hagenbeck Tierpark und Tropen-Aquarium". Zoo and Aquarium Visitor. http://www.zandavisitor.com/forumtopicdetail-411-Hagenbeck_Tierpark_und_Tropen-Aquarium-Zoos. Retrieved 2008-07-22. "The founder and his idea Carl Hagenbeck built what no other dared dream of. In 1907, the Hamburg man opened the first barless zoo in the world. As early as the end of the 19th century, this son of a fishmonger had the idea of showing animals no longer caged up but in open viewing enclosures. In his zoo of the future, nothing more than unseen ditches were to separate wild animals from members of the public. Carl Hagenbeck patented this idea in 1896. Nine years later his dream was to come true in Hamburg-Stellingen. The revolutionary open viewing enclosures and panoramas were in fact ridiculed in professional circles but took the public's breath away. Hagenbeck's zoo is considered to have prepared the way for today's wildlife adventure parks."
- ^ Rothfels, Nigel (2002). Savages and Beasts: The Birth of the Modern Zoo. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0801869102.
