1943 in science
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The year 1943 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Contents |
[edit] Biology
- July 21 - Living specimens of Metasequoia glyptostroboides, the Dawn Redwood, previously known only as a Mesozoic fossil, are located in China.[1]
- The University of Oxford acquires the nearby Wytham Woods which become an important centre for research into ecology in England.
[edit] Computer science
- March–December - Construction of British prototype Mark I Colossus computer, the world's first totally electronic programmable computing device, at the Post Office Research Station, Dollis Hill, to assist in cryptanalysis at Bletchley Park.[2]
- May 17 - The United States Army contracts with the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School to develop the ENIAC.
[edit] Medicine
- Willem J Kolff build the first dialysis machine
[edit] Pharmacology
[edit] Psychology
- Abraham Maslow proposes the Hierarchy of Needs theory of psychology in his paper "A Theory of Human Motivation".
[edit] Physiology and medicine
- Leo Kanner of the Johns Hopkins Hospital first adopts the term autism in its modern sense in English in referring to early infantile autism.[3]
- Warren S. McCulloch and Walter Pitts publish "A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity" in Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, considered seminal in neural network theory.[4]
[edit] Technology
- May 16–17 - Operation Chastise: British Royal Air Force attacks German dams using 'bouncing bombs' designed by Barnes Wallis.[5]
- Lyle Goodhue and William Sullivan patent the refillable aerosol spray in the United States, for use with mosquito-repellant.[6]
[edit] Awards
[edit] Births
- January 14 - Ralph Steinman (died 2011), Canadian-born winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2011).
- May 9 - Colin Pillinger, English astrophysicist.
- June 6 - Richard Smalley (died 2005), American winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1996) for the discovery of a new form of carbon, buckminsterfullerene.
[edit] Deaths
- January 5 - George Washington Carver (b. c.1864), African American agricultural botanist.
- January 7 - Nikola Tesla (born 1856), inventor.
- February 14 - David Hilbert (born 1862), German mathematician.
- March 28 - Robert W. Paul (born 1869), English pioneer of cinematography.
- April 8 - Kiyotsugu Hirayama (born 1874), Japanese astronomer.
- June 26 - Karl Landsteiner (born 1868), Austrian-born American Jewish physiologist.
- Abraham Buschke (born 1868), German Jewish dermatologist (in Theresienstadt concentration camp).
[edit] References
- ^ Ma, Jinshuang; Shao, Guofan (2003). "Rediscovery of the 'first collection' of the 'Living Fossill', Metasequoia glyptostroboides". Taxon 52: 585–8.
- ^ Copeland, B. Jack, ed. (2006). Colossus: the Secrets of Bletchley Park's Codebreaking Computers. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-284055-4.
- ^ Kanner, L. (1943). "Autistic disturbances of affective contact". Nervous Child 2: 217–50. http://affect.media.mit.edu/Rgrads/Articles/pdfs/Kanner-1943-OrigPaper.pdf. Retrieved 9 May 2011. Reprinted in: Acta Paedopsychiatrica 35: 100–36. 1968. PMID 4880460.
- ^ Aizawa, Ken (2004). "McCulloch, Warren Sturgis". Dictionary of the Philosophy of Mind. http://philosophy.uwaterloo.ca/MindDict/mcculloch.html. Retrieved 2011-12-03.
- ^ Flower, Stephen (2002). A Hell Of A Bomb. Tempus. ISBN 0-7524-2386-X.
- ^ McGrath, Kimberley A.; Travers, Bridget E., ed. World of Invention. Detroit: Thomson Gale. ISBN 0-7876-2759-3. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. http://www.bookrags.com/research/aerosol-spray-woi/. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
