10 nanometres
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To help compare different orders of magnitude this page lists lengths between 10−8 and 10−7 metres (10 nanometres and 100 nanometres).
Distances shorter than 10 nanometres
- 10 nm = 10 nanometres = 10−8 metres
- 10 nm — lower size of tobacco smoke[2]
- 10 nm Shortest Extreme Ultraviolet wavelength or longest X-ray wavelength[3]
- 11 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell speculated to be manufactured in 2015.
- 16 nm — technology is projected to be reached by semiconductor companies in the 2013 timeframe
- 18 nm — diameter of tobacco mosaic virus[4] (Generally, viruses range in size from 20 nm to 450 nm.)[citation needed]
- 20 nm — width of bacterial flagellum[5]
- 20 nm to 80 nm — thickness of cell wall in Gram-positive bacteria[6]
- 22 nm — Smallest feature size of production microprocessors in September 2009[7]
- 22 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell expected to be manufactured at around the 2011–2011 time frame.
- 30 nm — lower size of cooking oil smoke[2]
- 32 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell manufactured at around the 2009–2010 time frame.
- 45 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell manufactured at around the 2007–2008 time frame.
- 50 nm — upper size for airborne virus particles[2]
- 50 nm — flying height of the head of a hard disk[8]
- 65 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell manufactured at around the 2005–2006 time frame.
- 90 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell manufactured at around the 2002–2003 time frame.
- 100 nm — larger than 90% of the particles of wood smoke[citation needed] (ranges from 7 to 3000 nanometres)[2]
Distances longer than 100 nanometres
[edit] See also
| Orders of magnitude for length in E notation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| shorter than one metre: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| <−24 | −24 | −23 | −22 | −21 | −20 | −19 | −18 | −17 | −16 | −15 | −14 | −13 | −12 | −11 | −10 | −9 | −8 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −4 | −3 | −2 | −1 | 0 |
| longer than 1 metre: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
[edit] Notes
- ^ Graham T. Smith (2002). Industrial metrology. Springer. pp. 253. ISBN 1852335076.
- ^ a b c d Annis, Patty J. October 1991. Kansas State University. Fine Particle POLLUTION. Figure 1. (tobacco smoke: 10 to 1000 nm; virus particles: 3 to 50 nm; bacteria: 30 to 30000 nm; cooking oil smoke: 30 to 30000 nm; wood smoke: 7 to 3000 nm)
- ^ Introduction to the Electromagnetic Spectrum and Spectroscopy
- ^ Stryer, Lubert (1988). Biochemistry. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-1843-X.
- ^ Kojima S, Blair D (2004). "The bacterial flagellar motor: structure and function of a complex molecular machine". Int Rev Cytol. International Review of Cytology 233: 93–134. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(04)33003-2. ISBN 978-0-12-364637-8. PMID 15037363.
- ^ Microbiology Text.com
- ^ http://www.physorg.com/news172852816.html accessed 2009.09.21
- ^ help with PCs web site
