The 2006 Kuril Islands earthquake was an 8.3[1] magnitude earthquake that hit the Kuril Islands at 11:14 UTC (8:14pm JST) on November 15, 2006. A small tsunami hit the Japanese northern coast, with a larger wave following earlier small ones, due to reflection. The tsunami crossed the Pacific and did damage in the harbor at Crescent City, CA, USA. This earthquake was the largest earthquake having occurred in the central Kuril Islands since the earthquake in 1915 with an estimated magnitude of about 8. Post-tsunami surveys indicate that the local tsunami in the central Kuril Islands reached runup of 15 meters or more.[2]
[edit] Tsunami
At about 11:45 UTC, tsunami warnings were issued in Japan for the north coasts of Hokkaidō and Honshū, and a number of towns in this area were very quickly evacuated. Tsunami warnings, advisories and watches were also issued for the coastal areas of Alaska, Hawaii, parts of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California. JMA initially estimated tsunami waves to be as tall as 2 metres when it hit the Japanese northern and eastern coasts, but it turned out to be merely 40 centimetres when it reached Hanasaki Ko, Nemuro, Nemuro, Hokkaidō at 9:29 pm local time. The tsunami also hit the rest of Hokkaidō and Tōhoku Region. The tallest wave recorded in Japan was at Tsubota (坪田), Miyakejima (三宅島) in the Izu Shotō of the Tokyo To, at 84 centimetres. Tsunami also hit as far as Anami in Kagoshima Prefecture and Naha in Okinawa Prefecture, and reached the Hawaiian and California coasts. A 176-centimetre wave in the Crescent City, California harbor caused an estimated $10 million in damage to the docks there.[3] The United States authorities had issued warnings for the Russian Far East, Japan, Wake Island and Midway Atoll.
The nearfield tsunami struck islands with no current inhabitants. However, geologists and archaeologists had visited these islands the previous summer, and returned in the summers of 2007 and 2008.[4][5][6] Because there were two central Kurils tsunamis in the winter of 2006-2007 (see 2007 Kuril Islands earthquake), the specific effects of each tsunami are difficult to determine; evidence is that the 2006 tsunami was the larger on all islands in the Kurils except Matua and parts of Rasshua [7]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Magnitude 8.3 - KURIL ISLANDS United States Geological Survey
- ^ MacInnes, B.T., Bourgeois, J., Pinegina, T.K., Kravchunovskays, E., 2009. Tsunami geomorphology: erosion and deposition from the 15 November 2006 Kuril Island tsunami: Geology, v. 37, p. 995-998. Includes earlier references
- ^ Central Kuril Island Tsunami in Crescent City, California University of Southern California
- ^ MacInnes et al., 2009, see above.
- ^ Bourgeois, J. and MacInnes, B.T., 2010. Tsunami boulder transport and other dramatic effects of the 15 November 2006 central Kuril Islands tsunami on the island of Matua: Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Supplementbände Volume 54, Supplementary Issue 3 (2010), p. 175 - 195 DOI: 10.1127/0372-8854/2010/0054S3-0024.
- ^ MacInnes, B.T., Pinegina, T.K., Bourgeois, J., Razhegaeva, N.G., Kaistrenko, V.M., and Kravchunovskaya, E.A., 2009, Field survey and geological effects of the 15 November 2006 Kuril tsunami in the middle Kuril Islands, Pure and Applied Geophysics v. 166, DOI 10.1007/s00024-008-0428-3.
- ^ MacInnes, B.T., 2010 Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington.
[edit] External links
- Japan's false alarm showcases tsunami alert system, Bennett Richardson, Christian Science Monitor, November 16, 2006.
- Small tsunamis hit northern Japan, BBC News, November 15, 2006.
- University of Southern California study of effects on Crescent City
- Small tsunami waves hit Japan, Associated Press, November 15, 2006.
Coordinates: 46°36′25″N 153°13′48″E / 46.607°N 153.230°E / 46.607; 153.230
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- Kamchatka (6.6-7.6, April)
- Kuril Islands (8.3, Nov 15)
- Banda Sea (7.6, Jan 26)
- Borujerd† (7.1, Mar 31)
- Gujarat (5.5, Apr 6)
- Gulf of Mexico (5.8, Sep 10)
- Hawaii (6.7, Oct 15)
- Hengchun (7.1, Dec 26)
- 1st Java†‡ (6.2, May 27)
- 2nd Java† (7.7, Jul 17)
- Mendoza (5.7, Aug 5)
- Southern Greece (6.8, Jan 8)
- Tajikistan (4.5, Jul 29)
- Tasmania, Australia (2.2, Apr 25)
- Tonga (7.9, May 4)
- Yanjin (5.2, 22 Jul)
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† indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths
‡ indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year
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