28th Canadian Ministry

This article is about the membership of the ministry and cabinet. For Stephen Harper's time as prime minister and his policies, see premiership of Stephen Harper.

28th Canadian Ministry 28e conseil des ministres du Canada
28th cabinet of Canada
Incumbent
Date formed	February 6, 2006
People and organizations
Head of government	Stephen Harper
Head of government's history	Premiership of Stephen Harper
Head of state	Queen Elizabeth II
Current number of ministers	38
Ministers removed (Death/resignation/dismissal)	20
Member party	Conservative Party of Canada
Opposition cabinet	39th (2006–2008) 40th (2008–2011) 41st (2011–present)
Opposition party	Liberal Party of Canada (2006–2011) New Democratic Party (2011–present)
Opposition leader	Bill Graham (2006) Stéphane Dion (2006–2008) Michael Ignatieff (2008–2011) Jack Layton (2011) Nycole Turmel (2011–2012) Thomas Mulcair (2012–present)
History
Election(s)	2006, 2008, 2011
Legislature term(s)	39th Canadian Parliament 40th Canadian Parliament 41st Canadian Parliament
Budget(s)	2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011
Previous	27th Canadian Ministry

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The Twenty-Eighth Canadian Ministry is the combined Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Stephen Harper, and Ministers that have governed Canada since the beginning of the 39th Parliament. Its original members were sworn into the Queen's Privy Council for Canada on February 6, 2006, exactly two weeks after the 2006 election, and nine weeks and six days after the end of the 38th Canadian Parliament. Smaller than its recent predecessors, the Conservative Cabinet originally consisted of 27 members, including the prime minister. On January 4, 2007, five Secretaries of State were added to the ministry who are not members of the Cabinet itself.

Only 24 of the original members were elected to serve as Conservative Members of Parliament (MP) in 2006; Senator Marjory LeBreton is the Leader of the Government in the Senate. The other two choices that raised some controversy were David Emerson, who was elected as a Liberal, but crossed the floor between the election and the swearing-in of the Cabinet to serve as Minister of International Trade, of the Pacific Gateway, and of the Vancouver-Whistler Olympics, and Michael Fortier, a Montreal-area member of the former Progressive Conservatives and co-chair of the Conservatives' 2006 federal campaign, who was not elected as an MP but was named a Senator on February 27, 2006, and subsequently served as Minister of Public Works and Government Services.

The reason given for the appointments of Emerson and Fortier was that the Conservatives were completely shut out of the three most populous cities in Canada – Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver. The Liberals were the only party to win seats in all three, with the Bloc represented in Montreal and the NDP in Toronto and Vancouver. Emerson's riding is Vancouver Kingsway, and Fortier lives and works in the Montreal-Laval area, and ran for the riding of Laval West for the Tories in 2000. The only major city this left out was Toronto, although the Conservatives have indicated that they consider that enough Cabinet Ministers are from the Greater Toronto Area, including Jim Flaherty and Bev Oda, to adequately represent the city in Cabinet.

Contrary to precedent, Harper did not name a Deputy Prime Minister, confounding rumours that Quebec lieutenant Lawrence Cannon or Conservative deputy leader Peter MacKay might be awarded the honorary post. Harper's explanation was that, instead, any replacement Prime Minister would be named as required and this assignment could be conferred upon different ministers.

List of Ministers

By minister

Note: This is in Order of Precedence, which is established by the chronological order of appointment to the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, then in order of election or appointment to parliament for ministers who joined the Privy Council on the same day.

Minister	Portfolio	Tenure
Stephen Harper	Prime Minister	February 6, 2006 – present
Rob Nicholson	Minister of Justice and Attorney–General	January 4, 2007 – present
	Leader of the Government in the House of Commons	February 6, 2006 – January 4, 2007
	Minister for Democratic Reform	February 6, 2006 – January 4, 2007
Marjory LeBreton	Leader of the Government in the Senate Minister of State (Seniors) Secretary of State for Seniors	February 6, 2006 – present October 30, 2008 – January 4, 2011 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008
Peter MacKay	Minister of National Defence Minister for the Atlantic Gateway Minister for the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency Minister of Foreign Affairs	August 14, 2007 – present February 6, 2006 – January 19, 2010 February 6, 2006 – October 30, 2008 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007
Vic Toews	Minister of Public Safety President of the Treasury Board Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada	January 19, 2010 – present January 4, 2007 – January 19, 2010 February 6, 2006 – January 4, 2007
Rona Ambrose	Minister of Western Economic Diversification Minister of State (Status of Women) Minister of Public Works and Government Services Minister of Labour President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs Minister of Western Economic Diversification Minister of the Environment	November 5, 2010 – May 18, 2011 April 9, 2010 – present January 19, 2010 – present October 30, 2008 – January 19, 2010 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008 February 6, 2006 – January 4, 2007
Diane Finley	Minister of Human Resources and Skills Minister of Citizenship and Immigration Minister of Human Resources and Skills Social Development	October 30, 2008 – present January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008 February 6, 2006 – January 4, 2007 February 6, 2006 – January 4, 2007
John Baird	Minister of Foreign Affairs Minister of the Environment Minister of Transport, Infrastructure and Communities Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Minister of the Environment President of the Treasury Board	May 18, 2011 – present November 7, 2010 – January 4, 2011 October 30, 2008 – August 6, 2010 August 6, 2010 – May 18, 2011 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008 February 6, 2006 – January 4, 2007
Tony Clement	President of the Treasury Board Minister of Industry Minister for the Federal Economic Development Initiative for Northern Ontario Minister of Health	May 18, 2011 – present October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011 February 6, 2006 – present February 6, 2006 – October 30, 2008
Jim Flaherty	Minister of Finance	February 6, 2006 – present
Peter Van Loan	Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Minister of International Trade Minister of Public Safety Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Minister for Democratic Reform President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs Minister for Sport	May 18, 2011 – present January 19, 2010 – May 18, 2011 October 30, 2008 – January 19, 2010 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008 November 27, 2006 – January 4, 2007 November 27, 2006 – January 4, 2007 November 27, 2006 – January 4, 2007
Jason Kenney	Minister of Citizenship and Immigration Secretary of State for Multiculturalism and Canadian Identity	October 30, 2008 – present January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008
Gerry Ritz	Minister of Agriculture and Agri–Food Minister for the Canadian Wheat Board Secretary of State for Small Business and Tourism	August 14, 2007 – present August 14, 2007 – present January 4, 2007 – August 14, 2007
Christian Paradis	Minister of Industry Minister of State (Agriculture) Minister of Natural Resources Minister of the Economic Development Agency of Canada for the Regions of Quebec Minister of Public Works and Government Services Secretary of State for Agriculture	May 18, 2011 – present May 18, 2011 – present January 19, 2010 – May 18, 2011 October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011 June 25, 2008 – January 19, 2010 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008
James Moore	Minister of Official Languages Minister of Canadian Heritage Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Secretary of State for the Asia Pacific Gateway, Vancouver-Whistler Olympics, and Official Languages	October 30, 2008 – present October 30, 2008 – present February 15, 2013 - present June 25, 2008 – October 30, 2008
Denis Lebel	Minister of Transport, Infrastructure and Communities Minister of the Economic Development Agency of Canada for the Regions of Quebec Minister of State (Economic Development Agency of Canada for the Regions of Quebec)	May 18, 2011 – present May 18, 2011 – present October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011
Leona Aglukkaq	Minister of the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency Minister of Health	May 18, 2011 – present October 30, 2008 – present
Keith Ashfield	Minister of Fisheries and Oceans Minister for the Atlantic Gateway Minister for the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency Minister of National Revenue Minister of State (Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency)	May 18, 2011 – present January 19, 2010 – present January 19, 2010 – May 18, 2011 January 19, 2010 – May 18, 2011 October 30, 2008 – January 19, 2010
Peter Kent	Minister of the Environment Minister of State of Foreign Affairs (Americas)	January 4, 2011 – present October 30, 2008 – January 4, 2011
Lisa Raitt	Minister of Labour Minister of Natural Resources	January 19, 2010 – present October 30, 2008 – January 19, 2010
Gail Shea	Minister of National Revenue Minister of Fisheries and Oceans	May 18, 2011 – present October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011
Julian Fantino	Minister of International Cooperation Associate Minister of National Defence Minister of State (Seniors)	July 4, 2012 – present May 18, 2011 – July 4, 2012 January 4, 2011 – May 18, 2011
Steven Blaney	Minister of Veterans Affairs	May 18, 2011 – present
Edward Fast	Minister of International Trade Minister for the Asia–Pacific Gateway	May 18, 2011 – present May 18, 2011 – present
Joe Oliver	Minister of Natural Resources	May 18, 2011 – present
Peter Penashue	Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada	May 18, 2011 – March 14, 2013 May 18, 2011 – March 14, 2013
Bernard Valcourt	Associate Minister of National Defence Minister of State (Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency)(La Francophonie) Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development	July 4, 2012 – February 22, 2013 May 18, 2011 – February 22, 2013 February 22, 2013 - present
Gordon O'Connor	Minister of State and Chief Government Whip Minister of National Revenue Minister of National Defence	October 30, 2008 – present August 14, 2007 – October 30, 2008 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007
Maxime Bernier	Minister of State for Small Business and Tourism Minister of Foreign Affairs Minister of Industry	May 18, 2011 – present August 14, 2007 – May 26, 2008 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007
Diane Ablonczy	Minister of State of Foreign Affairs (Americas and Consular Affairs) Minister of State (Seniors) Minister of State (Small Business and Tourism) Secretary of State for Small Business and Tourism	January 4, 2011 – present January 19, 2010 – January 4, 2011 October 30, 2008 – January 19, 2010 August 14, 2007 – October 30, 2008
Lynne Yelich	Minister of State (Western Economic Diversification)	October 30, 2008 – present
Steven Fletcher	Minister of State (Democratic Reform) Minister of State (Transport)	October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011 May 18, 2011 – present
Gary Goodyear	Minister of State (Science and Technology)(Federal Economic Development Agency for Southern Ontario)	October 30, 2008 – present
Ted Menzies	Minister of State (Finance)	January 4, 2011 – present
Tim Uppal	Minister of State (Democratic Reform)	May 18, 2011 – present
Alice Wong	Minister of State (Seniors)	May 18, 2011 – present
Bal Gosal	Minister of State (Sport)	May 18, 2011 – present

¹ Styled as Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development until May 18, 2011

By portfolio

Members of the 28th Ministry

Portfolio	Minister	Tenure
Prime Minister of Canada	Stephen Harper	February 6, 2006 – present
Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food	Chuck Strahl	6 Feb. 2006 - 14 Aug. 2007
	Gerry Ritz	14 Aug. 2007–present
Minister for the purpose of the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency Act	Peter MacKay	6 Feb. 2006 - 19 Jan. 2010
	Keith Ashfield	19 Jan. 2010–present
Minister of Canadian Heritage	Bev Oda	6 Feb. 2006 - 14 Aug. 2007
	Josée Verner	14 Aug. 2007 - 30 Oct. 2008
	James Moore	30 Oct. 2008–present
Minister of Citizenship and Immigration	Monte Solberg	6 Feb. 2006 - 4 Jan. 2007
	Diane Finley	4 Jan. 2007 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Jason Kenney	30 Oct. 2008–present
Minister of the Economic Development Agency of Canada for the Regions of Quebec	Jean-Pierre Blackburn	6 Feb. 2006 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Christian Paradis	30 Oct. 2008 - 18 May 2011
	Denis Lebel	18 May 2011 – present
Minister of the Environment	Rona Ambrose	6 Feb. 2006 - 4 Jan. 2007
	John Baird	4 Jan. 2007 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Jim Prentice	30 Oct. 2008 - 5 Nov. 2010
	John Baird	5 Nov. 2010 - 4 Jan. 2011
	Peter Kent	4 Jan. 2011–present
Minister of Finance	Jim Flaherty	6 Feb. 2006–present
Minister of Fisheries and Oceans	Loyola Hearn	6 Feb. 2006 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Gail Shea	30 Oct. 2008 - 18 May 2011
	Keith Ashfield	18 May 2011 – present
Minister of Foreign Affairs	Peter MacKay	6 Feb. 2006 - 14 Aug. 2007
	Maxime Bernier	14 Aug. 2007 - 26 May 2008
	David Emerson	29 May 2008 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Lawrence Cannon	30 Oct. 2008 - 18 May 2011
	John Baird	18 May 2011 – present
Minister of Health	Tony Clement	6 Feb. 2006 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Leona Aglukkaq	30 Oct. 2008–present
Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development	Diane Finley	6 Feb. 2006 - 4 Jan. 2007
	Monte Solberg	4 Jan. 2007 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Diane Finley	30 Oct. 2008–present
Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development	Jim Prentice	6 Feb. 2006 - 14 Aug. 2007
	Chuck Strahl	14 Aug. 2007 - 6 Aug. 2010
	John Duncan	6 Aug. 2010– 15 Feb. 2013
	James Moore	15 Feb. - 22 Feb. 2013
	Bernard Valcourt	22 Feb. 2013 - present
Minister of Industry	Maxime Bernier	6 Feb. 2006 - 14 Aug. 2007
	Jim Prentice	14 Aug. 2007 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Tony Clement	30 Oct. 2008 - 18 May 2011
	Christian Paradis	18 May 2011 – present
Minister for International Cooperation	Josée Verner	6 Feb. 2006 - 14 Aug. 2007
	Bev Oda	14 Aug. 2007 - 4 July 2012
	Julian Fantino	4 July 2012 – present
Minister for International Trade	David Emerson	6 Feb. 2006 - 25 June 2008
	Michael Fortier	25 June 2008 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Stockwell Day	30 Oct. 2008 - 19 Jan. 2010
	Peter Van Loan	19 Jan. 2010 - 18 May 2011
	Edward Fast	18 May 2011 – present
Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada	Vic Toews	6 Feb. 2006 - 4 Jan. 2007
	Rob Nicholson	4 Jan. 2007–present
Minister of Labour	Jean-Pierre Blackburn	6 Feb. 2006 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Rona Ambrose	30 Oct. 2008 - 19 Jan. 2010
	Lisa Raitt	19 Jan. 2010–present
Leader of the Government in the House of Commons	Rob Nicholson	6 Feb. 2006 - 4 Jan. 2007
	Peter Van Loan	4 Jan. 2007 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Jay Hill	30 Oct. 2008 - 6 Aug. 2010
	John Baird	6 Aug. 2010 - 18 May 2011
	Peter Van Loan	18 May 2011 – present
Leader of the Government in the Senate	Marjory LeBreton	February 6, 2006 – present
Associate Minister of National Defence	Julian Fantino	18 May 2011 - 4 July 2012
	Bernard Valcourt	4 July 2012 – 22 February 2013
Minister of National Defence	Gordon O'Connor	6 Feb. 2006 - 14 Aug. 2007
	Peter MacKay	14 Aug. 2007–present
Minister of National Revenue	Carol Skelton	6 Feb. 2006 - 14 Aug. 2007
	Gordon O'Connor	14 Aug. 2007 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Jean-Pierre Blackburn	30 Oct. 2008 - 19 Jan. 2010
	Keith Ashfield	19 Jan. 2010 - 18 May 2011
	Gail Shea	18 May 2011 – present
Minister of Natural Resources	Gary Lunn	6 Feb. 2006 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Lisa Raitt	30 Oct. 2008 - 19 Jan. 2010
	Christian Paradis	19 Jan. 2010 - 18 May 2011
	Joe Oliver	18 May 2011 – present
President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada	Michael Chong	6 Feb. 2006 - 26 Nov. 2006
	Peter Van Loan	27 Nov. 2006 - 4 Jan. 2007
	Rona Ambrose	4 Jan. 2007 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Josée Verner	30 Oct. 2008 - 18 May 2011
	Peter Penashue	18 May 2011 – present
Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness	Stockwell Day	6 Feb. 2006 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Peter Van Loan	30 Oct. 2008 - 19 Jan. 2010
	Vic Toews	19 Jan. 2010–present
Minister of Public Works and Government Services	Michael Fortier	6 Feb. 2006 - 25 June 2008
	Christian Paradis	25 June 2008 - 19 Jan. 2010
	Rona Ambrose	19 Jan. 2010–present
Minister of Transport	Lawrence Cannon	6 Feb. 2006 - 30 Oct. 2008
	John Baird	30 Oct. 2008 - 6 Aug. 2010
	Chuck Strahl	6 Aug. 2010 - 18 May 2011
	Denis Lebel	18 May 2011 – present
President of the Treasury Board	John Baird	6 Feb. 2006 - 4 Jan. 2007
	Vic Toews	4 Jan. 2007 - 19 Jan. 2010
	Stockwell Day	19 Jan. 2010 - 18 May 2011
	Tony Clement	18 May 2011 – present
Minister of Veterans Affairs	Greg Thompson	6 Feb. 2006 - 19 Jan. 2010
	Jean-Pierre Blackburn	19 Jan. 2010 - 18 May 2011
	Steven Blaney	18 May 2011 – present
Minister of Western Economic Diversification	Carol Skelton	6 Feb. 2006 - 4 Jan. 2007
	Rona Ambrose	4 Jan. 2007 - 30 Oct. 2008
	Jim Prentice	30 Oct. 2008 - 5 Nov. 2010
	Rona Ambrose	5 Nov. 2010–present

Former ministers

Minister	Portfolio	Tenure
Jean-Pierre Blackburn	Minister of Veterans Affairs Minister of State (Agriculture) Minister of National Revenue Minister of Labour Minister of the Economic Development Agency of Canada for the Regions of Quebec	January 19, 2010 – May 18, 2011 October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011 October 30, 2008 – January 19, 2010 February 6, 2006 – October 30, 2008 February 6, 2006 – October 30, 2008
Lawrence Cannon	Minister of Foreign Affairs Minister of State (National Capital Commission) Minister of Transport, Infrastructure and Communities	October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011 October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011 February 6, 2006 – October 30, 2008
Michael Chong	President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs Secretary of State for Sport	February 6, 2006 – November 27, 2006 February 6, 2006 – November 27, 2006 February 6, 2006 – November 27, 2006
Stockwell Day	President of the Treasury Board Minister for the Asia–Pacific Gateway Minister of International Trade Minister of Public Safety	January 19, 2010 – May 18, 2011 October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011 October 30, 2008 – January 19, 2010 February 6, 2006 – October 30, 2008
David Emerson	Minister of Foreign Affairs Minister of International Trade Minister for the Pacific Gateway and the Vancouver–Whistler Olympics	May 26, 2008 – October 30, 2008 February 6, 2006 – June 25, 2008 February 6, 2006 – June 25, 2008
Michael Fortier	Minister of Public Works and Government Services Minister of International Trade	February 6, 2006 – June 25, 2008 June 25, 2008 – October 30, 2008
Helena Guergis	Minister of State (Status of Women) Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and International Trade Secretary of State for Sport	October 30, 2008 – April 9, 2010 January 4, 2007 – October 29, 2008 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008
Loyola Hearn	Minister of Fisheries and Oceans	February 6, 2006 – October 30, 2008
Jay Hill	Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Chief Government Whip and Secretary of State	October 30, 2008 – August 6, 2010 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008
Gary Lunn	Minister of State (Sports) Minister of Natural Resources	October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011 February 6, 2006 – October 30, 2008
Rob Merrifield	Minister of State (Transport)	October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011
Rob Moore	Minister of State (Small Business and Tourism)	January 19, 2010 – May 18, 2011
Bev Oda	Minister of International Cooperation Minister of Canadian Heritage Status of Women	August 14, 2007 – July 4, 2012 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007
Jim Prentice	Minister of the Environment Minister of Western Economic Diversification Minister of Industry Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Federal Interlocutor for Métis and Non-Status Indians	October 30, 2008 – November 4, 2010 October 30, 2008 – November 4, 2010 August 14, 2007 – October 30, 2008 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007
Carol Skelton	Minister of National Revenue	February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007
Monte Solberg	Minister of Citizenship and Immigration Minister of Human Resources and Social Development	February 6, 2006 – January 4, 2007 January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008
Chuck Strahl	Minister of Transport, Infrastructure and Communities Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Federal Interlocutor for Métis and Non-Status Indians Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Minister for the Canadian Wheat Board	August 6, 2010 – May 18, 2011 August 14, 2007 – August 6, 2010 August 14, 2007 – August 6, 2010 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007
Greg Thompson	Minister of Veterans Affairs	February 6, 2006 – January 19, 2010
Josée Verner	President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs Minister for La Francophonie Minister responsible for Official Languages Minister of Canadian Heritage Status of Women Minister of International Cooperation Minister for La Francophonie	October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011 October 30, 2008 – May 18, 2011 May 26, 2008 – May 18, 2011 February 6, 2006 – October 30, 2008 August 14, 2007 – October 30, 2008 August 14, 2007 – October 30, 2008 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007 February 6, 2006 – August 14, 2007
John Duncan	Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development1 Federal Interlocutor for Métis and Non-Status Indians Minister of the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency	August 6, 2010 – February 15, 2013 August 6, 2010 – May 18, 2011 August 6, 2010 – May 18, 2011

See also

• List of Canadian ministries
• List of Canadian Parliamentary Secretaries
• 2008–2009 Canadian parliamentary dispute

Preceded by 27th Canadian Ministry

Canadian Ministries 2006–present

Succeeded by In Office