Bromopyruvic acid
| Bromopyruvic acid | |
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3-Bromo-2-oxopropanoic acid |
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Other names
Bromopyruvate |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 1113-59-3  |
| PubChem | 70684 |
| ChemSpider | 63850 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL177837 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 Image 2 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C3H3BrO3 |
| Molar mass | 166.95812 |
| Melting point |
79-82 °C (hydrate) |
| Hazards | |
| R-phrases | R34 |
| S-phrases | S25 S36/37/39 S45 |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Bromopyruvic acid, or bromopyruvate, is a synthetic brominated derivative of pyruvic acid. It is being studied as a potential treatment for certain types of cancer. Initial studies in laboratory animals researchers at Johns Hopkins showed that bromopyruvic acid is effective at eliminating aggressive liver tumors.[1]
According to the Warburg hypothesis, unlike normal tissues that derive most of their energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by metabolizing either glucose or fatty acids for energy production in the mitochondria, aggressive cancers obtain much of their ATP by metabolizing glucose directly to lactic acid.[2] The mechanism of action of bromopyruvic acid involves interruption of this latter process by the inhibition of the enzyme hexokinase II because the bromopyruvic acid is similar in chemical structure to lactic acid.[1]
A study reported that intraarterial delivery of bromopyruvic acid directly to the site of a tumor represents a new strategy for stopping the growth of liver cancer while minimizing toxic side-effects.[3]
While pre-clinical studies have been promising, human clinical trials to study the effectiveness of bromopyruvic acid have not yet begun.[citation needed] Application for patent has already been submitted.[4]
On February 11, 2012, the first institutional use of 3-bromopyruvate to treat a patient with late stage cancer was reported in an Online First paper published in the Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes.[5]
The patient was treated at the Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität in Frankfurt am Main by Dr. Thomas J. Vogl using a special patented formulation of 3-bromopyruvate invented by Dr. Young Hee Ko, who assisted in the intra-arterial administration of her drug.
[edit] References
- ^ a b Ko YH, Pedersen PL, Geschwind JF (2001). "Glucose catabolism in the rabbit VX2 tumor model for liver cancer: characterization and targeting hexokinase". Cancer Lett. 173 (1): 83–91. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(01)00667-X. PMID 11578813.
- ^ Pedersen PL (2007). "Warburg, me and Hexokinase 2: Multiple discoveries of key molecular events underlying one of cancers' most common phenotypes, the "Warburg Effect", i.e., elevated glycolysis in the presence of oxygen". Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes 39 (3): 211. doi:10.1007/s10863-007-9094-x. PMID 17879147.
- ^ Geschwind JF, Ko YH, Torbenson MS, Magee C, Pedersen PL (2002). "Novel therapy for liver cancer: direct intraarterial injection of a potent inhibitor of ATP production". Cancer Res. 62 (14): 3909–13. PMID 12124317.
- ^ Therapeutics for cancer using 3-bromopyruvate and other selective inhibitors of ATP production
- ^ [1]
- ^ Ko YH, Verhoeven HA, Lee MJ, Corbin DJ, Vogl TJ, Pedersen PL. "A translational study "case report" on the small molecule "energy blocker" 3-bromopyruvate (3BP) as a potent anticancer agent: from bench side to bedside.". J Bioenerg Biomembr.. PMID 22328020.
[edit] External links
- The cancer cell's "power plants" as promising therapeutic targets: An overview, by Peter Pederson
- Glycolytic enzyme inhibitors as novel anti-cancer drugs, James C.K. Lai et al., Idaho State, June 2007
- Pyruvate in Cancer Prevention and Treatment
- Energy Blocker Kills Big Tumors in Rats
- 3-Bromopyruvic Acid As a Potent Anticancer Agent Delivered Intraarterially
