33rd United States Congress
| 33rd United States Congress | |||
United States Capitol (1846) |
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| Duration: March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1855 | |||
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| Senate President: | William R. King (Mar 1853 – Apr 1853) Vacant (1853–1855) |
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| Senate Pres. pro tem: | David R. Atchison Lewis Cass Jesse D. Bright |
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| House Speaker: | Linn Boyd | ||
| Members: | 62 Senators 234 Representatives 7 Non-voting members |
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| Senate Majority: | Democratic | ||
| House Majority: | Democratic | ||
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| Sessions | |||
| Special: March 4, 1853 – April 11, 1853 1st: December 5, 1853 – August 7, 1854 2nd: December 4, 1854 – March 4, 1855 |
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The Thirty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1853 to March 3, 1855, during the first two years of the administration of U.S. President Franklin Pierce. During this session, the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed, an act that soon led to the creation of the Republican Party. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Seventh Census of the United States in 1850. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.
[edit] Major events
- March 4, 1853: Franklin Pierce became President of the United States
- April 18, 1853: Vice President William R. King died
- July 8, 1853: Commodore Matthew Perry arrived in Edo Bay with a request for a trade treaty
- December 30, 1853: Gadsden Purchase: The United States bought land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest
- February 28, 1853: Republican Party founded
[edit] Major legislation
- May 30, 1854: Kansas-Nebraska Act, ch. 59, 10 Stat. 277
- March 3, 1855: The U.S. Congress appropriates $30,000 to create the U.S. Camel Corps
[edit] Treaties
- March 31, 1853: Convention of Kanagawa signed with the Japanese government, opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade
- January 26, 1854: Point No Point Treaty signed
[edit] Territories organized
- May 30, 1854 – Kansas Territory was organized.
- May 30, 1854 – Nebraska Territory was organized.
[edit] Party summary
[edit] Senate
| Affiliation | Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
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Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) |
Free Soil (FS) |
Whig (W) |
Other | Vacant | ||
| End of previous Congress | 34 | 4 | 23 | 0 | 61 | 1 |
| Begin | 36 | 2 | 22 | 0 | 60 | 2 |
| End | 38 | 4 | 19 | 61 | 1 | |
| Final voting share | 62.3% | 6.6% | 31.1% | 0.0% | ||
| Beginning of next Congress | 35 | (Opposition coalition) 20 |
0 | 56 | 6 | |
[edit] House of Representatives
For the beginning of this congress, the size of the House was increased from 233 seats to 234 seats, following the 1840 United States Census (See 9 Stat. 433).
| Affiliation | Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
|
Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) |
Independent Democratic (ID) |
Free Soil (FS) |
Whig (W) |
Independent (I) |
Other | Vacant | ||
| End of previous Congress | 126 | 3 | 3 | 86 | 0 | 14 | 232 | 1 |
| Begin | 158 | 1 | 3 | 71 | 1 | 0 | 234 | 0 |
| End | 156 | 2 | 74 | |||||
| Final voting share | 66.7% | 0.4% | 0.9% | 31.6% | 0.4% | 0.0% | ||
| Beginning of next Congress | 79 | (Opposition coalition) 154 |
233 | 1 | ||||
[edit] Leadership
[edit] Senate
- President: William R. King (D), until April 18, 1853 (died); vacant thereafter.
- President pro tempore: David R. Atchison (D), until December 4, 1854
- Lewis Cass (D), December 4, 1854
- Jesse D. Bright (D), from December 5, 1854
[edit] House of Representatives
[edit] Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
[edit] Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1856; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1858; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1854.
[edit] Alabama
[edit] Arkansas
[edit] California
[edit] Connecticut
[edit] Delaware
[edit] Florida
[edit] Georgia
[edit] Illinois
[edit] Indiana
[edit] Iowa
[edit] Kentucky
[edit] Louisiana
[edit] Maine
[edit] Maryland
[edit] Massachusetts
[edit] Michigan
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[edit] Mississippi
[edit] Missouri
[edit] New Hampshire
[edit] New Jersey
[edit] New York
[edit] North Carolina
[edit] Ohio
[edit] Pennsylvania
[edit] Rhode Island
[edit] South Carolina
[edit] Tennessee
[edit] Texas
[edit] Vermont
[edit] Virginia
[edit] Wisconsin
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[edit] House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
[edit] Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
[edit] Senate
- replacements: 7
- Democrats (D): no net change
- Whigs (W): 2 seat net loss
- Free Soilers (FS): 2 seat net gain
- deaths: 2
- resignations: 4
- interim appointments: 1
- Total seats with changes: 13
| State (class) |
Former senator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama (2) |
Vacant | Failure to elect | Clement C. Clay (D) | November 29, 1853 |
| Mississippi (2) |
Vacant | Vacancy in term | Albert G. Brown (D) | January 7, 1854 |
| Arkansas (3) |
Solon Borland (D) | Resigned April 11, 1853 after being appointed Minister to Nicaragua and other Central American Republics | Robert W. Johnson (D) | July 6, 1853 |
| Louisiana (3) |
Pierre Soulé (D) | Resigned April 11, 1853 after being appointed Minister to Spain | John Slidell (D) | December 5, 1853 |
| New Hampshire (2) |
Charles G. Atherton (D) | Died November 15, 1853 | Jared W. Williams (D) | November 29, 1853 |
| Vermont (3) |
Samuel S. Phelps (W) | Senate declared not entitled to seat March 16, 1854 | Lawrence Brainerd (FS) | October 14, 1854 |
| Connecticut (3) |
Truman Smith (W) | Resigned May 24, 1854 | Francis Gillette (FS) | May 24, 1854 |
| Massachusetts (2) |
Edward Everett (W) | Resigned June 1, 1854 | Julius Rockwell (W) | June 3, 1854 |
| New Hampshire (2) |
Jared W. Williams (D) | Resigned August 4, 1854 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
| New Hampshire (3) |
Moses Norris, Jr. (D) | Died January 11, 1855 | John S. Wells (D) | January 16, 1855 |
| Massachusetts (2) |
Julius Rockwell (W) | Successor elected January 31, 1855 | Henry Wilson (FS) | January 31, 1855 |
| Iowa (3) |
Augustus C. Dodge (D) | Resigned February 22, 1855 after being appointed Minister to Spain | Vacant | Not filled this term |
[edit] House of Representatives
- replacements: 7
- Democrats (D): 2 seat net loss
- Whigs (W): 3 seat net gain
- Free Soilers (FS): 1 seat net loss
- deaths: 4
- resignations: 4
- Total seats with changes: 8
| District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
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| Washington Territory at-large | Vacant | New seat established after Washington became a territory near the end of previous Congress. Seat was vacant until April 12, 1854. | Columbia Lancaster (D) | Seated April 12, 1854 |
| New York 29th | Azariah Boody (W) | Resigned some time in October, 1853 | Davis Carpenter (W) | Seated November 8, 1853 |
| Tennessee 1st | Brookins Campbell (D) | Died December 25, 1853 | Nathaniel G. Taylor (W) | Seated March 30, 1854 |
| Pennsylvania 8th | Henry A. Muhlenberg (D) | Died January 9, 1854 | J. Glancy Jones (D) | Seated February 4, 1854 |
| Massachusetts 1st | Zeno Scudder (W) | Resigned March 4, 1854 | Thomas D. Eliot (W) | Seated April 17, 1854 |
| Kansas Territory at-large | New seat | New seat established after Kansas became a territory May 30, 1854. Seat was vacant until December 20, 1854. | John W. Whitfield (D) | Seated December 20, 1854 |
| Nebraska Territory at-large | New seat | New seat established after Nebraska became a territory May 30, 1854. Seat was vacant until January 5, 1855. | Napoleon B. Giddings (D) | Seated December 5, 1855 |
| Virginia 11th | John F. Snodgrass (D) | Died June 5, 1854 | Charles S. Lewis (D) | Seated December 4, 1854 |
| New York 12th | Gilbert Dean (D) | Resigned July 3, 1854 after being appointed justice of the Supreme Court of New York | Isaac Teller (W) | Seated November 7, 1854 |
| New York 22nd | Gerrit Smith (FS) | Resigned August 7, 1854 | Henry C. Goodwin (W) | Seated November 7, 1854 |
| Kentucky 3rd | Presley Ewing (W) | Died September 27, 1854 | Francis Bristow (W) | Seated December 4, 1854 |
[edit] Employees
[edit] Senate
- Chaplain: Clement M. Butler (Episcopalian)
- Henry Slicer (Methodist), elected December 7, 1853
- Secretary: Asbury Dickens of North Carolina
- Sergeant at Arms: Robert Beale
- Dunning R. McNair, elected March 17, 1853
[edit] House of Representatives
- Chaplain: William H. Milburn (Methodist)
- Clerk: John W. Forney
- Doorkeeper: Zadock W. McKnew
- Postmaster: John M. Johnson
- Sergeant at Arms: Adam J. Glossbrenner
[edit] References
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
[edit] External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789–1875
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: House History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
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