4-Fluoroamphetamine

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4-Fluoroamphetamine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(RS)-1-(4-Fluorophenyl)propan-2-amine
Identifiers
CAS number 459-02-9
ATC code  ?
PubChem 9986
ChemSpider 9592
Chemical data
Formula C9H12FN 
Mol. mass 153.20 g/mol
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability  ?
Metabolism  ?
Half life  ?
Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

?

Legal status
Routes oral, insufflation

4-Fluoroamphetamine (4-FA; PAL-303; "Flux"), also known as para-fluoroamphetamine (PFA) is a psychoactive drug and research chemical of the phenethylamine and amphetamine chemical classes. It produces stimulant and possibly entactogenic effects. 4-FA is a relatively rare drug on the illicit market, although it is sometimes sold as a designer drug along with related analogues such as 2-fluoroamphetamine and 4-fluoromethamphetamine, among others.[1][2]

Contents

[edit] Effects

The subjective effects of 4-FA include euphoria, increased energy, mood elevation, excessive talking, bruxism (jaw clenching), insomnia and suppressed appetite.

4-Fluoroamphetamine is a potent stimulant and serotonin releaser as with other para-substituted amphetamine derivatives, but is both significantly less potent as a serotonin releaser and much less neurotoxic than related compounds such as parachloroamphetamine and paraiodoamphetamine, with both serotonin-releasing potency and neurotoxicity increasing down the halogen series 4-FA << PCA < PBA < PIA,[3][4] while conversely the dopamine reuptake inhibition produced by 4-FA is stronger than that of either PCA or PIA.[5] 4-FA also produces less hyperthermia than similar compounds such as PMA, 4-MTA and 4-methylamphetamine, but both hyperthermia and neurotoxicity are still likely to be complications of overdose or excessive use of 4-FA.

[edit] Legality

4-Fluoroamphetamine was banned in Lithuania in July 2009.[6]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Rösner P, Quednow B, Girreser U, Junge T. Isomeric fluoro-methoxy-phenylalkylamines: a new series of controlled-substance analogues (designer drugs). Forensic Science International. 2005 Mar 10;148(2-3):143-56. PMID 15639609
  2. ^ Nagai F, Nonaka R, Satoh Hisashi Kamimura K. The effects of non-medically used psychoactive drugs on monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2007 Mar 22;559(2-3):132-7. PMID 17223101
  3. ^ Fuller RW, Baker JC, Perry KW, Molloy BB. Comparison of 4-chloro-, 4-bromo- and 4-fluoroamphetamine in rats: drug levels in brain and effects on brain serotonin metabolism. Neuropharmacology. 1975 Oct;14(10):739-46. PMID 1196472
  4. ^ Nichols DE, Johnson MP, Oberlender R. 5-Iodo-2-aminoindan, a nonneurotoxic analogue of p-iodoamphetamine. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behaviour. 1991 Jan;38(1):135-9. PMID 1826785
  5. ^ Marona-Lewicka D, Rhee GS, Sprague JE, Nichols DE. Psychostimulant-like effects of p-fluoroamphetamine in the rat. European Journal of Pharmacology. 1995 Dec 12;287(2):105-13. PMID 8749023
  6. ^ http://www3.lrs.lt/pls/inter3/dokpaieska.showdoc_l?p_id=349758