700s (decade)
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(Redirected from 700–709)
| Millennium: | 1st millennium |
| Centuries: | 7th century – 8th century – 9th century |
| Decades: | 670s 680s 690s – 700s – 710s 720s 730s |
| Years: | 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 |
| Categories: | Births – Deaths – Architecture Establishments – Disestablishments |
700s: events by year
Contents: 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709
700
By place
North America
- The Mount Edziza volcanic complex erupts in northern British Columbia, Canada.
- Diquis culture starts in Central America (approximate date).
Europe
- The Beverley Grammar School is founded by St. John of Beverley (approximate date).
- Italy: Death of Cunipert, King of the Lombards, leaves his son Liutpert, still a child, as king. Rebellion led by Count Raginpert of Turin and his son Aripert succeeds in capturing Liutpert and seizing the throne (late 700/early 701).[1]
- Famous Catholic Eucharistic Miracle occurs in Lanciano, Italy.
Africa
- Musa bin Nusair defeats the Berber army in Algeria, ending resistance against the Arabs there.
Asia
- Mohammad ibn Alashath revolts against Abdul Malik ibn Marwan in the Sistan and Balochistan regions.
- Rebellion of the Umayyad general Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath in Iraq.[1]
- The Umayyad prince Abdallah ibn Abd al-Malik captures the Byzantine stronghold of Theodosiopolis.[1][2]
By topic
Art
- Amida Buddha, fresco in the kon-dō, Horyu-ji, is made. Nara period (approximate date).
Religion
- Saint Adamnan convinces 51 kings to adopt the Cáin Adomnáin, which defines the relationship between women and priests.
702
By place
Europe
- Franconian Duke Hetan II completes the circular Marienkirche in Fortress Marienberg near Würzburg.
Asia
- Ethiopian (Axumite) raiders occupy the port of Jeddah in modern-day Saudi Arabia.
- Armenia: Large-scale Armenian rebellion against Muslim rule breaks out with Byzantine support.[3]
By topic
Religion
- The Umayyad Mosque at Damascus is completed.
703
By place
Asia
- Byzantine Empire: Abdallah ibn Abd al-Malik captures Mopsuestia in Cilicia from the Byzantines and refortifies it, making it the first Muslim base in the area that will later become the Thughur.[4][5]
By topic
Religion
- Elias I becomes Catholicos of Armenia.[5]
704
By place
Asia
- Armenia: Abdallah ibn Abd al-Malik invades Armenia to suppress the anti-Arab revolt.[6][7]
- Byzantine Empire: The Byzantine general Heraclius defeats and destroys an Umayyad army at Sisium.[6][7]
Europe
- Britain: Cenred succeeds to the throne of Mercia, after his uncle Æthelred abdicates to become abbot of Bardney.
- Byzantine Empire: The deposed Byzantine emperor Justinian II flees from his exile at Cherson to the Khazars. The Khazar khagan marries him to his daughter. The reigning Byzantine emperor Leontios bribes the khagan to surrender Justinian, but the latetr is warned by his wife and flees to the Bulgar Khanate, securing the assistance of the Bulgarian ruler Tervel (autumn).[6][8]
705
By place
Asia
- Armenia: The Umayyad general Muhammad ibn Marwan suppresses the Armenian revolt, captures and deports Smbat VI Bagratuni and other leading princes. Many of the captured nakharar are gathered into churches and burned alive at Nakhchevan.[9][10]
- February 20 – China: In a coup d'état, Chinese Chancellor Zhang Jianzhi executes the Zhang brothers and restores Emperor Zhongzong. This marks the end of the short-lived Zhou Dynasty in China.
- Umayyad Caliphate: Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan dies and is succeeded by his son al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik.[9][10]
Europe
- Byzantine Empire: August – Justinian II and his ally, the Bulgar khan Tervel, by-pass the Byzantine forces under Heraclius awaiting them and reach Constantinople. After three days, Justinian's men enter through the disused Valens Aqueduct. Tiberius III flees the city to his brother's army in Thrace, but when the soldiers begin to desert, he surrenders. Tervel is rewarded by Justinian for his assistance with rich gifts and the title of Caesar.[9][11]
By topic
Religion
- March 1 – Pope John VII succeeds Pope John VI (died on 11 January) as the 86th Pope.[9]
- Work begins on the Grand Mosque of Damascus.
706
By region
China
- July 2 – Emperor Zhongzong of Tang had the remains of his mother and recently deceased ruling empress Wu Zetian, her son Li Xian, her grandson Li Chongrun, and granddaughter Li Xianhui all interred in at the same tomb complex as his father and Wu Zetian's husband Emperor Gaozong (d. 683) outside Chang'an known as the Qianling Mausoleum, located on Mount Liang.
Byzantine Empire
- 15 February – The restored Byzantine emperor Justinian II presides over the public humiliation of his predecessors Leontius and Tiberius III and their chief associates in the Hippodrome of Constantinople, after which they are executed. Patriarch Callinicus I is also deposed, blinded and exiled, and succeeded by Cyrus.[12]
By topic
Religion
- Umayyad Caliph al-Walid I begins the Great Mosque of Damascus.
707
By place
Asia
- Empress Gemmei succeeds to the Japanese throne.
- The first bimaristan (Islamic hospital) is founded in Damascus.
Byzantine Empire
- The Byzantines lose the Balearic Islands to the Moors.
- A large Umayyad army under Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik invades Asia Minor and lays siege to Tyana. The city resists, dragging the siege through the winter and into 708.[13]
By topic
Religion
- October 18 – Death of Pope John VII. Prolonged sede vacante until the ratification of the election of Pope Sisinnius by the Exarch of Ravenna in early 708.[14]
708
By place
Asia
- Byzantine Empire: March – The Umayyads under Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik capture and sack the Byzantine city of Tyana after a prolonged siege, and following a victory over a Byzantine relief army. Maslamah also leads another expedition in the summer, and defeats a Byzantine force near Amorium.[10]
- August 29 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708).
- The Japanese court is moved from Heian to Nara.
- Nazaktar Khan, a Turk Shahi prince in alliance with the Tibetan Kingdom, captures Bactria from the Umayyads.
Europe
- Bulgaria: The Byzantine emperor Justinian II is defeated by a Bulgar army at the Battle of Anchialus.[10][15]
By topic
Religion
- January 15 – Pope Sisinnius succeeds Pope John VII as the 87th pope.[15]
- March 25 – Pope Constantine succeeds Pope Sisinnius as the 88th pope.[15]
- October 16 – After a report of the apparition of the archangel, the island Mont Tombe is dedicated to Michael and renamed Mont Saint-Michel.
709
By place
Europe
- Saelred becomes king of Essex.
- Ceolred becomes king of Mercia, after his cousin Cenred abdicates to become a monk in Rome.
- Byzantine Empire: An Umayyad army under Maslamah ibn Abd al-Malik raids Isauria.[16]
By topic
Environmental change
- A storm separates the Channel Islands of Jethou and Herm.
Religion
- Byzantine emperor Justinian II sends a fleet to Italy under the patrikios Theodore, to intervene in the dispute between Pope Constantine and the archbishop Felix of Ravenna, who claimed to be independent of the pope's authority. Theodore arrests Felix and other Italian leaders and deports them to Constantinople, from where they were exiled to Cherson.[17][18]
Significant people
Births
Deaths
References
- ^ a b c Venning, Timothy, ed (2006). A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 187. ISBN 1-4039-1774-4.
- ^ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 339, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, http://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
- ^ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 339, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, http://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
- ^ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, pp. 337–339, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, http://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
- ^ a b Venning, Timothy, ed (2006). A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 189. ISBN 1-4039-1774-4.
- ^ a b c Venning, Timothy, ed (2006). A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 189. ISBN 1-4039-1774-4.
- ^ a b Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 339, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, http://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
- ^ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, pp. 339–340, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, http://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
- ^ a b c d Venning, Timothy, ed (2006). A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 190. ISBN 1-4039-1774-4.
- ^ a b c d Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 341, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, http://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
- ^ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 340, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, http://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
- ^ Venning, Timothy, ed (2006). A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 190. ISBN 1-4039-1774-4.
- ^ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 341, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, http://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
- ^ Venning, Timothy, ed (2006). A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 191. ISBN 1-4039-1774-4.
- ^ a b c Venning, Timothy, ed (2006). A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 191. ISBN 1-4039-1774-4.
- ^ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 341, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, http://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
- ^ Venning, Timothy, ed (2006). A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 191–192. ISBN 1-4039-1774-4.
- ^ Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, p. 938, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2, http://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC
