Achinsk
| Achinsk (English) Ачинск (Russian) |
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| - City[citation needed] - | |
 Achinsk railway station on Trans-Siberian railway |
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.svg) Location of Krasnoyarsk Krai in Russia |
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 Achinsk
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| Coordinates: 56°15′N 90°30′E / 56.25°N 90.5°ECoordinates: 56°15′N 90°30′E / 56.25°N 90.5°E | |
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Krasnoyarsk Krai |
| Administrative center of | Achinsky District[citation needed] |
| Municipal status | |
| Urban okrug | Achinsk Urban Okrug[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
109,156 inhabitants[1] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 148th |
| Population (2002 Census) | 118,744 inhabitants[2] |
| - Rank in 2002 | 136th |
| Time zone | KRAST (UTC+08:00)[3] |
| Founded | 1641[4] |
Achinsk (Russian: А́чинск) is a city in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located on the right bank of the Chulym River near its intersection with the Trans-Siberian Railway, 184 kilometers (114 mi) west of Krasnoyarsk. Area: 103.21 square kilometers (39.85 sq mi). Population: 109,156 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 118,744 (2002 Census);[2] 121,572 (1989 Census).[5]
It was founded in 1641 as Achinsky ostrog on the Bely Iyus River. After a fire, it was moved to the Chulym River in 1683; hence, the official city birthday is considered to be July 25, 1683. Town status was granted to it in 1782. The city is served by Achinsk Airport. As of September 2007, the mayor of the city is Ilay Akhmetov.
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[edit] History
One of the oldest known settlements in the territory of modern Achinsky District, paleontological study has shown that people lived here as early as 28,000–20,000 BCE. Some of these ancient caves are located 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) east of the city.
The modern city, however, was founded on July 25, 1641 as an ostrog (fort) on the Bely Iyus River. After a fire in 1683 it moved to the Chulym River (a tributary of the Ob). The name of the location dervies from the Turkic tribal group Achi or Achigi. The first fort in 1683 was built with the high stockade square shaped walls. In the corners were placed watch towers. Initially the garrison had fifteen Cossacks patrolling it. In 1710, a new wooden fort on the right bank of the Achinki River was created, at its confluence with the Chulym.
In 1782 it officially became a county town. In the late 19th century the town became linked on the Trans-Siberian Railway.
Achinsk grew rapidly in the 20th century: from a population of 32,000 in 1939, to 85,000 in 1969, to 121,572 in the 1989 Census.[5] The population declined slightly in the early 21st century: 118,744 (2002 Census)[2] and 109,156 (2010 Census preliminary results).[1]
Since 1990, Achinsk has been included in the official list of cities in Russia with historical and cultural value of nationwide significance.
[edit] Economy
The economy of Achinsk is based around heavy industry and contains a refinery and also produces construction materials, including wood, asphalt, cement. Mechanical, wax, brick and electrical plants are also present. It is also involved with the food industry and contains dairy factories and a meat processing plant as well as footwear and furniture factories.
The largest enterprise of the city, the Achinsk Alumina Plant, belongs to "RUSAL" group. In addition, the city operates LLC Achinsk cement factory which produces some 2 million tons of cement per year.
As of 2006, Achinsk has 11 health facilities and over 20 schools. Notable landmarks include the Achinskiy Drama Theatre, Achinskiy National History Museum, Achinskiy Museum and Exhibition Centre and the Kazan Cathedral.
[edit] References
- ^ a b c Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ a b c Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
- ^ Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 31. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ^ a b "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
[edit] External links
Media related to Category:Achinsk at Wikimedia Commons- Official website of Achinsk
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