Acidobacteria are a newly devised phylum of Bacteria, whose members are physiologically diverse and ubiquitous, especially in soils, but are under-represented in culture.[1][2][3]
Members of this phylum are physiologically diverse, some being acidophilic, and were first recognized as a novel division in 1997.[4] The first species, Acidobacterium capsulatum, of this phylum was discovered in 1991.[5] Other notable species are Holophaga foetida,[6] Geothrix fermentans,[7] Acanthopleuribacter pedis[8] and Bryobacter aggregatus.[9] Since they have only recently been discovered and the large majority have not been cultured, the ecology and metabolism of these bacteria is not well understood.[2] However, these bacteria may be an important contributor to ecosystems, since they are particularly abundant within soils.[10]
[edit] Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN) [11] [12] and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 by The All-Species Living Tree Project [13]
Notes:
♣ International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology or [International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology] (IJSB/IJSEM) published species that are in press.
♠ Strains found at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) but not listed in the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN)
[edit] References
- ^ Barns SM, Cain EC, Sommerville L, Kuske CR (2007). "Acidobacteria phylum sequences in uranium-contaminated subsurface sediments greatly expand the known diversity within the phylum". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73 (9): 3113–6. DOI:10.1128/AEM.02012-06. PMC 1892891. PMID 17337544. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1892891.
- ^ a b Quaiser A, Ochsenreiter T, Lanz C, et al. (2003). "Acidobacteria form a coherent but highly diverse group within the bacterial domain: evidence from environmental genomics". Mol. Microbiol. 50 (2): 563–75. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03707.x. PMID 14617179.
- ^ Rappe, M. S.; Giovannoni, S. J. (2003). "The Uncultured Microbial Majority". Annual Review of Microbiology 57: 369–394. DOI:10.1146/annurev.micro.57.030502.090759. PMID 14527284. edit
- ^ Kuske CR, Barns SM, Busch JD (1 September 1997). "Diverse uncultivated bacterial groups from soils of the arid southwestern United States that are present in many geographic regions". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63 (9): 3614–21. PMC 168668. PMID 9293013. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=168668.
- ^ KISHIMOTO (N.), KOSAKO (Y.) and TANO (T.): Acidobacterium capsulatum gen. nov., sp. nov.: an acidophilic chemoorganotrophic bacterium containing menaquinone from acidic mineral environment. Curr. Microbiol., 1991, 22, 1-7.
- ^ LIESACK (W.), BAK (F.), KREFT (J.U.) and STACKEBRANDT (E.): Holophaga foetida gen. nov., sp. nov., a new, homoacetogenic bacterium degrading methoxylated aromatic compounds. Arch. Microbiol., 1994, 162, 85-90.
- ^ COATES (J.D.), ELLIS (D.J.), GAW (C.V.) and LOVLEY (D.R.): Geothrix fermentans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel Fe(III)-reducing bacterium from a hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1615-1622.
- ^ FUKUNAGA (Y.), KURAHASHI (M.), YANAGI (K.), YOKOTA (A.) and HARAYAMA (S.): Acanthopleuribacter pedis gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from a chiton, and description of Acanthopleuribacteraceae fam. nov., Acanthopleuribacterales ord. nov., Holophagaceae fam. nov., Holophagales ord. nov. and Holophagae classis nov. in the phylum 'Acidobacteria'. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2008, 58, 2597-2601.
- ^ KULICHEVSKAYA (I.S.), SUZINA (N.E.), LIESACK (W.) and DEDYSH (S.N.): Bryobacter aggregatus gen. nov., sp. nov., a peat-inhabiting, aerobic chemo-organotroph from subdivision 3 of the Acidobacteria. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2010, 60, 301-306.
- ^ Eichorst SA, Breznak JA, Schmidt TM (2007). "Isolation and characterization of soil bacteria that define Terriglobus gen. nov., in the phylum Acidobacteria". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73 (8): 2708–17. DOI:10.1128/AEM.02140-06. PMC 1855589. PMID 17293520. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1855589.
- ^ See the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. Data extracted from J.P. Euzéby. "Acidobacteria". http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/classifphyla.html#Acidobacteria. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
- ^ See the NCBI webpage on Chlorobi Data extracted from Sayers et al.. "NCBI Taxonomy Browser". National Center for Biotechnology Information. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/taxonomyhome.html/index.cgi. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
- ^ See the All-Species Living Tree Project [1]. Data extracted from the "16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 (full tree)". Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database. http://www.arb-silva.de/fileadmin/silva_databases/living_tree/LTP_release_106/LTPs106_SSU_tree.pdf. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
13. Pankratov T.A., Dedysh S.N. Granulicella paludicola gen. nov., sp. nov., G. pectinivorans sp. nov., G. aggregans sp. nov. and G. rosea sp. nov., novel acidophilic, polymer-degrading acidobacteria from Sphagnum peat bogs. IJSEM 2010, V. 60. P. 2951-2959.
14. Pankratov T.A., Kirsanova L.A, Kaparullina E.N., Kevbrin V.V., Dedysh S.N. Telmatobacter bradus gen. nov., sp.nov., a cellulolytic facultative anaerobe from subdivision 1 of the Acidobacteria and emended description of Acidobacterium capsulatum Kishimoto et al. 1991// IJSEM 2011, doi:10.1099/ijs.0.029629-0
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