Actinidia chinensis
| Actinidia chinensis | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Actinidiaceae |
| Genus: | Actinidia |
| Species: | A. chinensis |
| Binomial name | |
| Actinidia chinensis Planch. |
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Actinidia chinensis [1][2] is a fruit tree and medicinal plant [3] native to China. It is pollinated by bees.
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[edit] Habitat
In its native habitat Actinidia chinensis grows in thickets, thick (oak) forests (e.g. Quercus aquifolioides, Quercus oxyodon, Quercus lamellosa), and light secondary forests and bushland. A. chinensis prefers slopes and likes also to grow in ravines, top heights of 200-230m, relative to the local microclimate. In Western gardens it may range 30 feet in all directions, making it unsuitable for all but the largest spaces.
[edit] Origin
The origin of Actinidia chinensis is supposed to be the northern Yangtse river valley. In China, Actinidia chinensis is nowadays dispersed in the entire southeast of the country.
Herbarium specimens, but not plants, were forwarded to the Royal Horticultural Society by the British plant hunter Robert Fortune, from which Jules Émile Planchon named the new genus in the London Journal of Botany, 1847. Charles Maries, collecting for Messrs Veitch noted it in Japan, but the introduction to Western horticulture was from E.H. Wilson, who sent seeds collected in Hupeh to Veitch in 1900.[4]
[edit] Uses
The fruits, the size of a walnut, are edible. It was first grown commercially in New Zealand,[5] where it has been superseded by Actinidia deliciosa, or Kiwifruit.
Paper is made from the bark. If the bark is removed in one piece from near the root and placed in hot ashes, it becomes very hard and can be used as a tube for a pencil. The plant is said to have insecticidal properties.
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[edit] References
- ^ "Actinidia chinensis". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=506775. Retrieved October 13, 2007.
- ^ Actinidia chinensis at USDA PLANTS Database
- ^ Actinidia chinensis at Plants For A Future
- ^ Alice M. Coats, Garden Shrubs and Their History (1964) 1992, s.v. "Actinidia".
- ^ Coats 1992.
[edit] See also
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