Aes grave

Aes grave (heavy bronze) is a term in numismatics indicating bronze cast coins used in central Italy during the 4th and 5th centuries BC, whose value was generally indicated by signs: I for the as, S for semis and pellets for unciae. Standard weights for the as were 272, 327, or 341 grams, depending upon the issuing authority.

The main Roman cast coins had these marks and images:

Image	value	mark
Ianus	As	I
Iupiter	Semis	S
Minerva	Triens	four pellets
Hercules	Quadrans	three pellets
Mercury	Sextans	two pellets
Bellona or Roma	Uncia	one pellet

Issuing cities

Main series were from Rome, Ariminum (Rimini), Iguvium (Gubbio), Tuder (Todi), Ausculum (Ascoli Piceno), Firmum (Fermo), Hatria - Hadria (Atri), Luceria (Lucera), and Latins. Other series have unknown provenance.

Gallery

• 

  As (ca. 240–225 BC)

• 

  Semis

• 

  Triens (ca. 241–235 BC)

• 

  Quadrans (ca. 230–226 BC. weight 63.19 g
  Thurlow-Vecchi 26; Crawford 27/8)

• 

  Sextans (ca. 289–245 BC)

• 

  Quincunx (coin)(After 220 BC)

• 

  Teruncius (Apulia, Luceria. Circa 220 BC)

• 

  Uncia (coin) (ca. 275–270 BC)

See also

• Roman Republican coinage
• Aes rude
• Aes signatum

Further reading

• Haeberlin, Ernst: Aes Grave, Das Schwergeld Roms und Mittelitaliens einschließlich der ihm vorausgehenden Rohbronzewährung, Halle 1910.
• Head, Barclay V.: Historia Nummorum, a Manual of Greek Numismatic, London, 1911².
• Sear, David: "Roman Coins and Their Values," Volume I, Spink.
• Sydenham, Edward A.: Aes Grave A Study of the Cast Coinages of Rome and Central Italy. London, Spink, 1926.
• Thurlow-Vecchi (1979). Italian Cast Coinage, Italian Aes Grave by Bradbury K. Thurlow and Italian Aes Rude, Signatum and the Aes Grave of Sicily by Italo G. Vecchi, printed together by V.C. Vecchi & Sons. ISBN 0-9506836-0-4.
• Zander H. Klawans: Reading and Dating Roman Imperial Coins, Racine, Wisconsin 1959.

External links

• Digital Historia Nummorum
• Cast Greek & Roman Coins
• The Aes Grave of Central Italy by J. G. Milne