Alliance Israélite Universelle
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This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in the French Wikipedia. (October 2010) Click [show] on the right for instructions.
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The Alliance Israélite Universelle (Hebrew: כל ישראל חברים ) is a Paris-based international Jewish organization founded in 1860 by the French statesman Adolphe Crémieux to safeguard the human rights of Jews around the world. The organization promotes the ideals of Jewish self-defense and self-sufficiency through education and professional development.
The motto of the organization is the Jewish rabbinic injunction Kol yisrael arevim zeh bazeh, translated into French as Tous les israélites sont solidaires les uns des autres ("All Jews bear responsibility for one another"). [1]
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[edit] History
In 1860, Alliance Israelite Universelle embarked on a "mission civilisatrice" to advance the Jews of the Middle East through French education and culture.[2] It opened its first school in Tetouan, Morocco in 1862.[3] In 1870, Charles Netter, a founding member of Alliance Israeli Universelle, received a tract of land from the Ottoman Empire as a gift and opened the Mikveh Israel agricultural school, the first of a network of Jewish schools in Palestine before the establishment of the State of Israel.
By 1900, Alliance Israelite Universelle was operating 100 schools with a combined student population of 26,000. Its greatest efforts were concentrated in Morocco, Tunisia and Turkey.[4]
[edit] Schools in Israel
Alliance Israélite Universelle continues to operate dozens of schools and educational programs in Israel today. Historic schools include the Alliance High School in Tel Aviv, Alliance Israélite Universelle High School in Haifa, Rene Cassin High School and the Braunshweig Conservative High School in Jerusalem. The network also includes the School for the Deaf in Jerusalem, in which deaf students, Jews and Arabs, with various mental and physical disabilities study together. The Mikve Israel Youth Village operates a state high school, a state-religious high school specializing in life and natural sciences, environmental sciences, and biotechnology; and a French-Israeli high school established in 2007 as a joint initiative of the Israeli and French governments.[5]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Sacred Bonds of Solidarity: The Rise of Jewish Internationalism in Nineteenth-Century France, Lisa Moses Leff
- ^ The Dispersion of Egyptian Jewry, Joel Beinin
- ^ A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Mark A. Tessler
- ^ A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Mark A. Tessler
- ^ Israel Haverim history
[edit] Further reading
- Ktziya Aviali-Tevivian, Voyage vers le passé: un nouveau monde est né-le XIXe siècle, Ed. Matah techn, 2003.
- André Chouraqui, L'Alliance israélite universelle et la Renaissance juive contemporaine, 1860-1960, P.U.F., 1965.
- Matia Kam, Mikvé-Israël, Ed. Matah techn. Fonds Avi Haï.
- André Kaspi, Histoire de l'Alliance israélite universelle - De 1860 à nos jours, Ed. Armand Colin, 2010.
- Narcisse Leven, Cinquante ans d’histoire : l’Alliance israélite Universelle (1860-1910), Paris, 1911.
- Aharon Rodrigues, Education, société et histoire: L'Alliance israélite universelle, Ed. Institut Yad Ben-Zvi, 1991.
