Flag of ambassadors of the United States
This is a list of ambassadors of the United States to individual nations of the world, to international organizations, to past nations, and ambassadors-at-large.
Ambassadors are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate.[1] An ambassador can be appointed during a recess of the Senate, but can serve only to the end of the next session of Congress unless subsequently confirmed by the Senate.[2] Ambassadors serve "at the pleasure of the President," which means that they can be dismissed at any time.
An ambassador may be a career foreign service officer or a political appointee. In most cases, U.S. ambassadors who are career foreign service officers serve a tour of approximately three years in a foreign post. Ambassadors who are political appointees will customarily tender their resignations upon inauguration of a new President. As embassies fall under the jurisdiction of the Department of State, ambassadors answer to the Secretary of State.
Current U.S. Ambassadors [edit]
|
|
This article is outdated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (December 2012) |
Up-to-date source
| Host country |
Ref |
U.S. Ambassador |
Embassy
Website |
Date Confirmed |
| Afghanistan |
Ref |
James B. Cunningham |
Kabul |
August 2012 |
| Albania |
Ref |
Alexander A. Arvizu |
Tirana |
December 2010 |
| Algeria |
Ref |
Henry S. Ensher |
Algiers |
July 2011 |
| Andorra |
Ref |
Alan Solomont |
Madrid |
December 2009 |
| Angola |
Ref |
Christopher J. McMullen |
Luanda |
September 2010 |
| Antigua and Barbuda[3] |
Ref |
Larry Leon Palmer |
Bridgetown |
March 2012 |
| Argentina |
Ref |
Vilma S. Martinez |
Buenos Aires |
July 2009 |
| Armenia |
Ref |
John A. Heffern |
Yerevan |
August 2011 |
| Australia |
Ref |
Jeff Bleich |
Canberra |
November 2009 |
| Austria |
Ref |
William Eacho |
Vienna |
August 2009 |
| Azerbaijan |
Ref |
Richard L. Morningstar |
Baku |
June 2012 |
| The Bahamas |
Ref |
John Dinkelman, Chargé d'Affaires a.i. |
Nassau |
|
| Bahrain |
Ref |
Thomas Krajeski |
Manama |
October 2011 |
| Bangladesh |
Ref |
Dan Mozena |
Dhaka |
June 2011 |
| Barbados[3] |
Ref |
Larry Leon Palmer |
Bridgetown |
March 2012 |
| Belarus |
Ref |
Vacant since March 12, 2008.
Ethan A. Goldrich, Chargé d'Affaires a.i. |
Minsk |
|
| Belgium |
Ref |
Howard W. Gutman |
Brussels |
August 2009 |
| Belize |
Ref |
Vinai Thummalapally |
Belmopan |
June 2009 |
| Benin |
Ref |
James Knight |
Cotonou |
August 2009 |
| Bolivia |
Ref |
Vacant since September 10, 2008
Larry L. Memmott, Chargé d'Affaires a.i. |
La Paz |
|
| Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Ref |
Patrick S. Moon |
Sarajevo |
August 2009 |
| Botswana |
Ref |
Michelle D. Gavin |
Gaborone |
June 2011 |
| Brazil |
Ref |
Thomas A. Shannon, Jr. |
Brasilia |
December 2009 |
| Brunei |
Ref |
Daniel L. Shields |
Bandar Seri Begawan |
March 2011 |
| Bulgaria |
Ref |
James B. Warlick, Jr. |
Sofia |
December 2009 |
| Burkina Faso |
Ref |
Thomas Dougherty |
Ouagadougou |
May 2010 |
| Burma[4] |
Ref |
Derek Mitchell |
Rangoon |
June 2012 |
| Burundi |
Ref |
Dawn M. Liberi |
Bujumbura |
October 2012 |
| Cambodia |
Ref |
William E. Todd |
Phnom Penh |
March 2012 |
| Cameroon |
Ref |
Robert P. Jackson |
Yaoundé |
September 2010 |
| Canada |
Ref |
David Jacobson |
Ottawa |
October 2009 |
| Cape Verde |
Ref |
Adrienne S. O’Neal |
Praia |
October 2011 |
| Central African Republic |
Ref |
Lawrence D. Wohlers |
Bangui |
September 2010 |
| Chad |
Ref |
Mark Boulware |
Ndjamena |
September 2010 |
| Chile |
Ref |
Alejandro Daniel Wolff |
Santiago |
July 2010 |
| China |
Ref |
Gary Locke |
Beijing |
July 2011 |
| Colombia |
Ref |
P. Michael McKinley |
Bogotá |
August 2010 |
| Comoros[5] |
Ref |
Vacant
Eric M. Wong, Chargé d'Affaires a.i. |
Antananarivo |
|
| Democratic Republic of the Congo |
Ref |
James F. Entwistle |
Kinshasa |
August 2010 |
| Republic of the Congo |
Ref |
Christopher W. Murray |
Brazzaville |
August 2010 |
| Costa Rica |
Ref |
Anne Slaughter Andrew |
San José |
December 2009 |
| Ivory Coast |
Ref |
Phillip Carter III |
Abidjan |
August 2010 |
| Croatia |
Ref |
Kenneth Merten |
Zagreb |
October 2012 |
| Cuba[6] |
Ref |
No diplomatic relations since 1961. |
| Cyprus |
Ref |
John Koenig |
Nicosia |
August 2012 |
| Northern Cyprus[7] |
|
|
|
|
| Czech Republic |
Ref |
Norman L. Eisen |
Prague |
December 2010 |
| Denmark |
Ref |
Vacant since February-15-2013 on the resignation of Laurie Fulton |
Copenhagen |
July 2009 |
| Djibouti |
Ref |
Geeta Pasi |
Djibouti |
April 2011 |
| Dominica[3] |
Ref |
Larry Leon Palmer |
Bridgetown |
March 2012 |
| Dominican Republic |
Ref |
Raul Yzaguirre |
Santo Domingo |
September 2010 |
| East Timor (Timor-Leste) |
Ref |
Judith Fergin |
Dili |
September 2010 |
| Ecuador |
Ref |
Adam E. Namm |
Quito |
April 2012 |
| Egypt |
Ref |
Anne W. Patterson |
Cairo |
August 2011 |
| El Salvador |
Ref |
Mari Carmen Aponte |
San Salvador |
June 2012 |
| Equatorial Guinea |
Ref |
Alberto M. Fernandez |
Malabo |
February 2010 |
| Eritrea |
Ref |
Vacant since July 2010
Joel Reifman, Chargé d'Affaires a.i. |
Asmara |
|
| Estonia |
Ref |
Michael C. Polt |
Tallinn |
September 2009 |
| Ethiopia |
Ref |
Donald E. Booth |
Addis Ababa |
April 2010 |
| Fiji[8] |
Ref |
Frankie A. Reed |
Suva |
August 2011 |
| Finland |
Ref |
Bruce J. Oreck |
Helsinki |
August 2009 |
| France[9] |
Ref |
Charles Rivkin |
Paris |
July 2009 |
| Gabon[10] |
Ref |
Eric D. Benjaminson |
Libreville |
July 2010 |
| The Gambia |
Ref |
Edward M. Alford |
Banjul |
June 2012 |
| Georgia |
Ref |
Richard Norland |
Tbilisi |
March 2012 |
| Germany |
Ref |
Philip D. Murphy |
Berlin |
August 2009 |
| Ghana |
Ref |
Gene Cretz |
Ghana |
August 2012 |
| Greece |
Ref |
Daniel Bennett Smith |
Athens |
September 2010 |
| Grenada[3] |
Ref |
Larry Leon Palmer |
Bridgetown |
March 2012 |
| Guatemala |
Ref |
Arnold A. Chacon |
Guatemala |
August 2011 |
| Guinea |
Ref |
Mark L. Asquino |
Conakry |
June 2012 |
| Guinea-Bissau[11] |
Ref |
Lewis A. Lukens |
Dakar |
August 2011 |
| Guyana |
Ref |
D. Brent Hardt |
Georgetown |
June 2011 |
| Haiti |
Ref |
Pamela A. White |
Port-au-Prince |
July 2012 |
| Holy See |
Ref |
Mario Mesquita, Chargé d'Affaires |
Vatican |
|
| Honduras |
Ref |
Lisa Kubiske |
Tegucigalpa |
July 2011 |
| Hungary |
Ref |
Eleni Tsakopoulos Kounalakis |
Budapest |
January 2010 |
| Iceland |
Ref |
Luis E. Arreaga |
Reykjavik |
August 2010 |
| India |
Ref |
Nancy Powell |
New Delhi |
March 2012 |
| Indonesia |
Ref |
Scot Marciel |
Jakarta |
August 2010 |
| Iran[12] |
Ref |
No diplomatic relations since the 1979 Iranian Revolution. |
| Iraq |
Ref |
James Franklin Jeffrey |
Baghdad |
August 2010 |
| Ireland |
Ref |
Dan Rooney |
Dublin |
July 2009 |
| Israel |
Ref |
Daniel B. Shapiro |
Tel Aviv |
July 2011 |
| Italy[13] |
Ref |
David Thorne |
Rome |
August 2009 |
| Jamaica |
Ref |
Pamela E. Bridgewater |
Kingston |
December 2010 |
| Japan |
Ref |
John Roos |
Tokyo |
August 2009 |
| Jordan |
Ref |
Stuart E. Jones |
Amman |
|
| Kazakhstan |
Ref |
Kenneth J. Fairfax |
Astana |
July 2011 |
| Kenya |
Ref |
Scott Gration |
Nairobi |
April 2011 |
| Kiribati[8] |
Ref |
Frankie A. Reed |
Suva |
August 2011 |
| North Korea[14] |
|
|
|
|
| South Korea |
Ref |
Sung Kim |
Seoul |
October 2011 |
| Kosovo |
Ref |
Christopher William Dell |
Pristina |
May 2009 |
| Kuwait |
Ref |
Matthew H. Tueller |
Kuwait City |
September 2011 |
| Kyrgyzstan |
Ref |
Pamela L. Spratlen |
Bishkek |
April 2011 |
| Laos |
Ref |
Karen B. Stewart |
Vientiane |
November 2010 |
| Latvia |
Ref |
Mark A. Pekala |
Riga |
August 2012 |
| Lebanon |
Ref |
Maura Connelly |
Beirut |
September 2010 |
| Lesotho |
Ref |
Michele T. Bond |
Maseru |
September 2010 |
| Liberia |
Ref |
Deborah R. Malac, Chargé d'Affaires a.i. |
Monrovia |
July 2012 |
| Libya |
Ref |
Laurence Pope as Chargé d’Affairs |
Tripoli |
|
| Liechtenstein[15] |
Ref |
Donald S. Beyer, Jr. |
Bern |
August 2009 |
| Lithuania |
Ref |
Anne E. Derse |
Vilnius |
September 2009 |
| Luxembourg |
Ref |
Robert A. Mandell |
Luxembourg |
October 2011 |
| Macedonia |
Ref |
Paul D. Wohlers |
Skopje |
September 2011 |
| Madagascar[5] |
Ref |
Vacant since June 7, 2010
Eric M. Wong, Chargé d'Affaires a.i. |
Antananarivo |
|
| Malawi |
Ref |
Jeanine E. Jackson |
Lilongwe |
May 2011 |
| Malaysia |
Ref |
Datuk Paul W. Jones |
Kuala Lumpur |
September 2010 |
| Maldives[16] |
Ref |
Michele J. Sison |
Colombo |
June 2012 |
| Mali |
Ref |
Mary Leonard |
Bamako |
October 2011 |
| Malta |
Ref |
Gina Abercrombie-Winstanley |
Valletta |
April 2012 |
| Marshall Islands |
Ref |
Thomas Hart Armbruster |
Majuro |
August 2012 |
| Mauritania |
Ref |
Jo Ellen Powell |
Nouakchott |
September 2010 |
| Mauritius[17] |
Ref |
Vacant since ???
Troy Fitrell, Chargé d'Affaires a.i. |
Port Louis |
|
| Mexico |
Ref |
Earl Anthony Wayne |
Mexico City |
August 2012 |
| Micronesia, Federated States of |
Ref |
Dorothea-Maria Rosen |
Kolonia |
June 2012 |
| Moldova |
Ref |
William H. Moser |
Chisinau |
August 2011 |
| Monaco[9][18] |
Ref |
Charles Rivkin |
Paris |
July 2009 |
| Mongolia |
Ref |
Piper Anne Wind Campbell |
Ulaanbaatar |
June 2012 |
| Montenegro |
Ref |
Sue K. Brown |
Podgorica |
April 2011 |
| Morocco |
Ref |
Samuel L. Kaplan |
Rabat |
September 2009 |
| Mozambique |
Ref |
Douglas M. Griffiths |
Maputo |
June 2012 |
| Namibia |
Ref |
Wanda L. Nesbitt |
Windhoek |
September 2010 |
| Nauru[8] |
Ref |
Frankie A. Reed |
Suva |
August 2011 |
| Nepal |
Ref |
Peter W. Bodde |
Kathmandu |
June 2012 |
| Netherlands |
Ref |
Vacant since September 2011
Edwin R. Nolan, Chargé d'Affaires a.i. |
The Hague |
|
| New Zealand[19] |
Ref |
David Huebner |
Wellington |
November 2009 |
| Nicaragua |
Ref |
Phyllis M. Powers |
Managua |
March 2012 |
| Niger |
Ref |
Bisa Williams |
Niamey |
October 2010 |
| Nigeria |
Ref |
Terence P. McCulley |
Abuja |
September 2010 |
| Norway |
Ref |
Barry B. White |
Oslo |
September 2009 |
| Oman |
Ref |
Richard Schmierer |
Muscat |
August 2009 |
| Pakistan |
Ref |
Richard G. Olsen |
Islamabad |
October 2010 |
| Palau[20] |
Ref |
Helen Reed-Rowe |
Koror |
September 2010 |
| Palestine |
|
The United States does not recognize Palestine. |
|
|
| Panama |
Ref |
Jonathan D. Farrar |
Panama |
March 2012 |
| Papua New Guinea[21] |
Ref |
Teddy B. Taylor |
Port Moresby |
September 2009 |
| Paraguay |
Ref |
James H. Thessin |
Asunción |
September 2011 |
| Peru |
Ref |
Rose M. Likins |
Lima |
September 2010 |
| Philippines[20] |
Ref |
Harry K. Thomas, Jr. |
Manila |
April 2010 |
| Poland |
Ref |
Stephen Mull |
Warsaw |
October 2012 |
| Portugal |
Ref |
Allan J. Katz |
Lisbon |
March 2010 |
| Qatar |
Ref |
Susan L. Ziadeh |
Doha |
June 2011 |
| Romania |
Ref |
Mark Gitenstein |
Bucharest |
July 2009 |
| Russia |
Ref |
Michael McFaul |
Moscow |
January 2012 |
| Rwanda |
Ref |
Donald W. Koran |
Kigali |
July 2009 |
| Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic[22] |
|
|
|
|
| Saint Kitts and Nevis[3] |
Ref |
Larry Leon Palmer |
Bridgetown |
March 2012 |
| Saint Lucia[3] |
Ref |
Larry Leon Palmer |
Bridgetown |
March 2012 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[3] |
Ref |
Larry Leon Palmer |
Bridgetown |
March 2012 |
| Samoa[19] |
Ref |
David Huebner |
Wellington |
November 2009 |
| San Marino[13] |
Ref |
David Thorne |
Florence |
October 2011 |
| São Tomé and Príncipe[10] |
Ref |
Eric D. Benjaminson |
Libreville |
July 2010 |
| Saudi Arabia |
Ref |
James B. Smith |
Riyadh |
September 2009 |
| Senegal[11] |
Ref |
Lewis A. Lukens |
Dakar |
August 2011 |
| Serbia |
Ref |
Michael Kirby |
Belgrade |
August 2012 |
| Seychelles[17] |
Ref |
Mary Jo Wills |
Port Louis |
February 2010 |
| Sierra Leone |
Ref |
Michael S. Owen |
Freetown |
August 2010 |
| Singapore |
Ref |
David Adelman |
Singapore |
March 2010 |
| Slovakia |
Ref |
Theodore Sedgwick |
Bratislava |
July 2010 |
| Slovenia |
Ref |
Joseph A. Mussomeli |
Ljubljana |
October 2010 |
| Solomon Islands[21] |
Ref |
Teddy B. Taylor |
Port Moresby |
September 2009 |
| Somalia[23][24] |
Ref |
Virtual Presence Post
Managed through the U.S. Embassy in Kenya |
Somalia VPP |
|
| South Africa |
Ref |
Donald Gips |
Pretoria |
July 2009 |
| South Ossetia[25] |
|
|
|
|
| South Sudan |
Ref |
Susan Page |
Juba |
October 2011 |
| Spain[26] |
Ref |
Alan Solomont |
Madrid |
December 2009 |
| Sri Lanka[16] |
Ref |
Michele J. Sison |
Colombo |
January 2010 |
| Sudan[27] |
Ref |
Vacant since 1996
Joseph D. Stafford, Chargé d’Affaires a. i. |
Khartoum |
|
| Suriname |
Ref |
Jay N. Anania |
Paramaribo |
June 2012 |
| Swaziland |
Ref |
Earl M. Irving |
Mbabane |
August 2009 |
| Sweden |
Ref |
Mark Brzezinski |
Stockholm |
October 2011 |
| Switzerland[15] |
Ref |
Donald S. Beyer, Jr. |
Bern |
August 2009 |
| Syria[28] |
Ref |
Robert Stephen Ford |
Damascus |
December 2010 |
| Taiwan[29] |
|
|
|
|
| Tajikistan |
Ref |
Susan Marsh Elliott |
Dushanbe |
June 2012 |
| Tanzania |
Ref |
Alfonso E. Lenhardt |
Dar es Salaam |
August 2009 |
| Thailand |
Ref |
Kristie Kenney |
Bangkok |
January 2011 |
| Togo |
Ref |
Robert E. Whitehead |
Lomé |
May 2012 |
| Tonga[8] |
Ref |
Frankie A. Reed |
Tonga |
August 2011 |
| Trinidad and Tobago |
Ref |
Beatrice Wilkinson Welters |
Port of Spain |
April 2010 |
| Tunisia |
Ref |
Jacob Walles |
Tunis |
July 2012 |
| Turkey |
Ref |
Francis J. Ricciardone, Jr. |
Ankara |
January 2011 |
| Turkmenistan |
Ref |
Robert Patterson |
Ashgabat |
April 2011 |
| Tuvalu[8] |
Ref |
Frankie A. Reed |
Suva |
August 2011 |
| Uganda |
Ref |
Jerry P. Lanier |
Kampala |
August 2009 |
| Ukraine |
Ref |
John F. Tefft |
Kiev |
November 2009 |
| United Arab Emirates |
Ref |
Michael H. Corbin |
Abu Dhabi |
July 2011 |
| United Kingdom[30] |
Ref |
Louis Susman |
London |
July 2009 |
| Uruguay |
Ref |
Julissa Reynoso |
Montevideo |
March 2012 |
| Uzbekistan |
Ref |
George A. Krol |
Tashkent |
June 2011 |
| Vanuatu[21] |
Ref |
Teddy B. Taylor |
Port Moresby |
September 2009 |
| Venezuela |
Ref |
Vacant since July 2010
James M. Derham, Chargé d'Affaires a.i.[31] |
Caracas |
|
| Vietnam |
Ref |
David B. Shear |
Hanoi |
August 2011 |
| Yemen |
Ref |
Gerald M. Feierstein |
Sana’a |
September 2010 |
| Zambia |
Ref |
Mark C. Storella |
Lusaka |
August 2010 |
| Zimbabwe |
Ref |
Charles A. Ray |
Harare |
September 2009 |
Ambassadors to international organizations [edit]
Current ambassadors from the United States to international organizations
| Host organization |
Location |
Ambassador |
| African Union |
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia |
Dr. Michael Battle |
| Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation |
Washington, D.C., United States |
Patricia Haslach |
| Association of Southeast Asian Nations |
Jakarta, Indonesia |
David L. Carden |
| Conference on Disarmament |
Geneva, Switzerland |
Laura E. Kennedy |
| European Union |
Brussels, Belgium |
William Kennard |
| International Civil Aviation Organization |
Montreal, Canada |
Duane E Woerth |
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
Brussels, Belgium |
Ivo Daalder |
| Organization of American States |
Washington, D.C., United States |
Carmen Lomellin |
| Organisation of Islamic Cooperation |
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |
Rashad Hussain |
| Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
Paris, France |
Karen Kornbluh |
| Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe |
Vienna, Austria |
Ian C. Kelly |
| Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons |
The Hague, Netherlands |
Robert Mikulak |
| United Nations |
New York, United States |
Susan Rice |
| United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization |
Paris, France |
David T. Killion |
| United Nations Environment Programme |
Nairobi, Kenya |
Joseph P. Murphy |
| United Nations Agencies in Rome |
Rome, Italy |
David J. Lane |
| United Nations International Organizations in Vienna |
Vienna, Austria |
Glyn Davies |
| United Nations and Other International Organizations in Geneva |
Geneva, Switzerland |
Betty E. King |
| United Nations Human Rights Council |
Geneva, Switzerland |
Eileen Chamberlain Donahoe |
| World Trade Organization |
Geneva, Switzerland |
Michael Punke |
Ambassadors-at-large [edit]
Current ambassadors-at-large from the United States with worldwide responsibility:
Ambassadors to past countries [edit]
Other senior diplomatic representatives [edit]
Senior diplomatic representatives of the United States to posts other than embassies:
Selected past ambassadors [edit]
Well-known past ambassadors from the United States
Ambassadors killed in office [edit]
Eight United States Ambassadors have been killed in office, six of them by armed attack and the other two in plane crashes.[32]
| Name |
Ambassador to |
Place of death |
Date of death |
Killed by |
| Laurence A. Steinhardt |
Canada |
Ramsayville, Ontario, Canada |
01950-03-28March 28, 1950 |
plane crash |
| John Gordon Mein |
Guatemala |
Guatemala City, Guatemala |
01968-08-28August 28, 1968 |
attack by Fuerzas Armadas Rebeldes |
| Cleo A. Noel, Jr. |
Sudan |
Khartoum, Sudan |
01973-03-02March 2, 1973 |
attack by Black September |
| Rodger Davies |
Cyprus |
Nicosia, Cyprus |
01974-08-19August 19, 1974 |
attack during Greek Cypriot demonstration |
| Francis E. Meloy, Jr. |
Lebanon |
Beirut, Lebanon |
01976-06-16June 16, 1976 |
attack by Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine |
| Adolph Dubs |
Afghanistan |
Kabul, Afghanistan |
01979-02-14February 14, 1979 |
attack by Setami Milli |
| Arnold L. Raphel |
Pakistan |
Bahawalpur, Pakistan |
01988-08-17August 17, 1988 |
plane crash |
| J. Christopher Stevens |
Libya |
Benghazi, Libya |
02012-09-11September 11, 2012 |
attack on a U.S. diplomatic mission |
Nations without exchange of ambassadors [edit]
Bhutan - According to the United States Department of State, "The United States and the Kingdom of Bhutan have not established formal diplomatic relations; however, the two governments have informal and cordial relations."[33] Informal contact with the nation of Bhutan is maintained through the U.S. Embassy in New Delhi.[33]
Cuba - Although the island country of Cuba is a close neighbor to the United States, the U.S. interacts with Cuba only via a U.S. Interests office at the Swiss Embassy in Havana and Washington, D.C.[34] The U.S. broke diplomatic relations with Cuba on January 3, 1961.[34]
Iran - On April 7, 1980, the United States broke diplomatic relations with theocratic Iran.[35] On April 24, 1981, the Swiss government assumed representation of U.S. interests in Tehran, and Algeria assumed representation of Iranian interests in the U.S.[36] Currently, Iranian interests in the United States are represented by the government of Pakistan. The U.S. Department of State named Iran a "State Sponsor of Terrorism" on January 19, 1984.[37]
North Korea - The communist dictatorship of North Korea is not on friendly terms with the U.S. and while talks between the two countries are ongoing, there is no exchange of ambassadors. Sweden functions as Protective Power for the United States including consular responsibility for U.S. citizens[1].
Taiwan - With the normalization of relations with the People's Republic of China in 1979, the U.S. does not maintain official diplomatic relations with Taiwan. Relations between Taiwan and the United States are maintained through an unofficial instrumentality, the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office, with headquarters in Taipei and field offices in Washington, D.C., and 12 other U.S. cities. The Taipei Office of the American Institute in Taiwan functions as a de facto embassy, performing most consular functions and staffed by U.S. Foreign Service Officers formally "on leave".
See also [edit]
Notes and references [edit]
- ^ U.S. Senate – Powers & Procedure Senate.gov Retrieved 25 May 2012.
- ^ Henry B. Hogue. "Recess Appointments: Frequently Asked Questions" (PDF). Congressional Research Service, the Library of Congress. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
- ^ a b c d e f g The United States Ambassador to Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean, resident in Bridgetown, Barbados, is concurrently accredited to Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
- ^ In 1989 the military government of Burma changed the name of the nation to Myanmar, but the United States government—and other Western governments—still refer to the country as Burma in official usage. See Myanmar.
- ^ a b One ambassador—resident at Antananarivo—is accredited to Madagascar and Comoros.
- ^ The United States does not currently maintain diplomatic relations with Cuba. U.S. interests in Cuba are handled by the U.S. Interests section of the Embassy of Switzerland in Havana.
- ^ The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is not recognized by the United Nations, the United States, nor any other country aside from Turkey.
- ^ a b c d e One ambassador—resident at Suva—is accredited to Fiji, Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu. Source U.S. Embassy Suva.
- ^ a b As of December 2006, the U.S. ambassador to France is also accredited to Monaco.
- ^ a b One ambassador—resident at Libreville—is accredited to Gabon and São Tomé and Príncipe. Source: U.S. State Department
- ^ a b One ambassador—resident at Dakar—is accredited to Guinea-Bissau and Senegal.
- ^ The United States does not currently maintain diplomatic relations with Iran. U.S. interests in Iran are handled by the U.S. Interests section of the Embassy of Switzerland in Tehran.
- ^ a b The U.S. Ambassador to Rome is also accredited to San Marino. The U.S. Consulate in Florence handles matters concerned with San Marino.
- ^ The United States does not currently maintain diplomatic relations with North Korea. American citizens who travel to North Korea do so at their own risk and in some cases in violation of U.S. and/or UN sanctions.
- ^ a b One ambassador—resident at Bern—is accredited to Switzerland and Liechtenstein.
- ^ a b One ambassador—resident at Colombo—is accredited to Maldives and Sri Lanka.
- ^ a b One ambassador—resident at Port Louis—is accredited to Mauritius and Seychelles.
- ^ Until December 2006, the United States and Monaco had no formal diplomatic relations (exchange of ambassadors). The U.S. Consul General in Marseille, France, under the authority of the U.S. Ambassador to France, managed relations with Monaco. In December 2006, the United States and Monaco upgraded from consular to full diplomatic relations and Ambassador Craig Stapleton (France) was accredited to Monaco. Source: Department of State: Background notes on Monaco, U.S. Embassy in France: U.S. Diplomatic Mission to Monaco.
- ^ a b One ambassador—resident at Wellington—is accredited to New Zealand and Samoa.
- ^ a b Until 2005 one ambassador—resident at Manila—was accredited to the Philippines and Palau. Source: CIA World Factbook. Helen Reed-Rowe is the first ambassador to Palau to be confirmed in 2010.
- ^ a b c One ambassador—resident at Port Moresby—is accredited to Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu.
- ^ The United States does not recognize the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, nor does the US recognize Moroccan claims to sovereignty over Western Sahara. Sources: Western Sahara, Foreign relations of Western Sahara, Foreign relations of Morocco.
- ^ The United States has no diplomatic relations with Somalia. The last ambassador to Somalia was James Keough Bishop when the embassy in Mogadishu was closed on January 5, 1991. Source: U.S State Department.
- ^ "Virtual Presence Post Somalia".
- ^ Abkhazia and South Ossetia are not recognized by the United Nations, the United States, nor any other countries aside from Russia, Nicaragua and Venezuela.
- ^ The U.S. Ambassador to Spain—resident at Madrid—is also accredited to Andorra.
- ^ The U.S. Embassy in Khartoum was closed on February 7, 1996. Timothy Michael Carney was the last ambassador to Sudan. The embassy was reopened on May 23, 2002, with Jeffrey Millington as Chargé d’Affaires ad interim. There has been no U.S. ambassador in Khartoum since then. Source U.S. Department of State.
- ^ Ambassador Margaret Scobey was recalled February 2005 in protest of Rafik Hariri assassination. Ref: U.S. Department of State press release, Background notes on Syria, BBC News. Ambassador Scobey has since been reassigned as the ambassador to Egypt.
- ^ The United States established relations with the People's Republic of China in 1979. Since then, relations between the US and Taiwan are carried out by the American Institute in Taiwan in Taipei.
- ^ The ambassador to the U.K. is known as the "Ambassador to the Court of St. James's."
- ^ President Chavez ordered the expulsion of the U.S. Ambassador, John Duddy, on September 11, 2008 in solidarity with the Bolivian government's decision to expel the U.S. Ambassador in La Paz. The U.S. Government ordered the reciprocal expulsion of the Venezuelan Ambassador in Washington. Source: U.S. Department of State Background Notes on Venezuela
- ^ "US Ambassadors Killed in the Line of Duty". Associated Press. 2012-09-12. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
- ^ a b "Bhutan (08/04)". United States Department of State.
- ^ a b May, Donald (January 17, 1961). "U.S. Halts Tourist Travel to Cuba; Special Permit Required for Visit". The Washington Post. p. A1.
- ^ Goshko, John M.; Walsh, Edward (April 8, 1980). "U.S. Breaks Diplomatic Ties With Iran: Carter Breaks Ties, Orders Ouster of Iranian Diplomats". The Washington Post. p. A1.
- ^ "Former No. 2 Iran Diplomat To Be Allowed Back in U.S.". The Washington Post. April 25, 1980. p. A27.
- ^ "Chapter 3 - State Sponsors of Terrorism Overview". State.gov. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
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