Ammonium hydrosulfide
| Ammonium hydrosulfide | |
|---|---|
 |
 |
|
ammonium hydrosulfide |
|
|
Other names
ammonium bisulfide |
|
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 12124-99-1  |
| ChemSpider | 23805 |
| RTECS number | BS4900000 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
|
|
|
|
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | H5NS |
| Molar mass | 51.111 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellow-orange fuming liquid. |
| Density | 1.17 g/cm3[1] |
| Solubility in water | Infinitely soluble |
| Solubility | soluble in alcohol, liquid ammonia, liquid hydrogen sulfide; insoluble in benzene, hexane and ether |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.74 |
| Hazards | |
| R-phrases | R11, R23, R24, R25. |
| Main hazards | Toxic |
| NFPA 704 |
 3
3
0
|
| LD50 | 168 mg/kg (rat, oral)[2] |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Ammonium sulfate |
| Other cations | Sodium hydrosulfide |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
|
| Infobox references | |
Ammonium hydrosulfide is the chemical compound with the formula (NH4)SH. It is the salt derived from the ammonium cation and the hydrosulfide anion. The salt exists as colourless, water soluble, micaceous crystals. The compound is encountered mainly as a solution, not as the solid. It is generated by mixing hydrogen sulfide and ammonia.
[edit] Preparation
Solutions of ammonium hydrosulfide can be prepared by passing hydrogen sulfide gas through concentrated ammonia solution.[3] According to a detailed 1895 report, hydrogen sulfide reacts with concentrated aqueous ammonia solution at room temperature to give (NH4)2S·2NH4HS. When this species is cooled to 0 °C and treated with additional hydrogen sulfide, one obtains (NH4)2S·12NH4HS.[4] An ice-cold solution of this substance kept at 0°C and having hydrogen sulfide continually passed through it gives the hydrosulfide.
The common "stink bomb" consists of an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfide. The mixture easily converts to ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gases. This conversion illustrates the ease of the following equilibrium:
- (NH4)SH
NH3 + H2S
NH3 + H2SBoth ammonia and hydrogen sulfide have a powerfully unpleasant smell.
[edit] References
- ^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8
- ^ Record of ammonium hydrosulfide in the GESTIS Substance Database from the IFA, accessed on October 22, 2010
- ^ Goodman, J. T.; Rauchfuss, T. B., (2002). "Tetraethylammonium-tetrathioperrhenate [Et4N][ReS4]". Inorganic Syntheses 33: 107–110.
- ^ W. P. Bloxam (1895). "The Sulphides and Polysulphides of Ammonium". J. Chem. Soc., Trans. 67: 283. doi:10.1039/CT8956700277.
