Amol

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Amol
آمل (Persian)
—  city  —
Ancient names: Ask, Amardha, Amardian, Tabaristan, Amele, Amol
Amol is located in Iran
Amol
Coordinates: 36°28′11″N 52°21′03″E / 36.46972°N 52.35083°E / 36.46972; 52.35083Coordinates: 36°28′11″N 52°21′03″E / 36.46972°N 52.35083°E / 36.46972; 52.35083
Country  Iran
Province Mazandaran
County Amol
Bakhsh Central
Incorporated (city) 1923[1]
Government
 • Mayor Amir soleimani[1]
Area
 • city 21 km2 (8 sq mi)
Elevation 76 m (249 ft)
Population (2012)
 • city 224,160
 • Density Bad rounding here11,000/km2 (Bad rounding here28,000/sq mi)
 • Metro 364,692
Time zone IRST (UTC+3:30)
Postal code 46131-46391[2]
Area code(s) (+98) 121
Website amol.org.ir

Amol (Persian: آمل‎ – [ɒ'mol]; About this sound pronunciation ; also Romanized as Āmol and Amul)[3] is a city in and the capital of Amol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 197,470, in 55,183 families.[4]

Amol is located on the Haraz river bank. It is less than 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the Caspian sea and less than 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the Alborz mountains. It is 180 kilometres (110 mi) from Tehran, and 60 kilometres (37 mi) east of the provincial capital, Sari.[3]

Contents

Etymology and history[edit]

The extent of the Parthian Empire (shaded territory)
Map of the Median Empire (600 BC) showing the relative locations of the Amardian tribe
View of the City of Amol
Map of the Alavid emirate with Amol as their capital

Amol is an old city, with its age dating back to the Amards & Ashkanian. Amards were the people inhabiting the area before the arrival of Aryans. Many scholars believe that the city's name is rooted in the word Amard (Amui in Pahlavi). According to historical literature, Amol was the capital of Mazandaran, at least in the period starting from Sassanian Empire to the Ilkhanate dynasty of Mongol Empire.

Some historians in the past have associated this ancient city with the periods of the Pishdadians and the Kianians. In respect to the relics and coins found in this region, this city can be said to be the capital of this territory during the Sassanid era. The inhabitants of Amol city embraced Islam during the reign of Mahdi, the Abbasi Caliph, after which Islamic structures came into focus here. But after the Mongol invasion, the region was subject to devastation and it was during this time that Sary was declared as capital. In the beginning of the 7th century A.H., Hessam-edin Ardeshir, shifted the capital from Sary to Amol, and constructed his palace there. But in the year 795 A.H., the cities of Amol and Sary were plundered by Amir Teimoor Gurkani, and thereafter Amol suffered a setback. The great scholar and religious personality (translator of The Holy Qoran), Mohammad Ebne Jarir Tabari is from Amol city. The modern city of Amol stands to the north of the site of the ancient city.[5]

In January 1982 Amol was the site of a failed armed insurrection against Iran's Islamist government by Sarbedaran, the armed wing of the Union of Iranian Communists.[6]

Today, Amol is a thriving modern metropolis.[5]

Population[edit]

History:[7]

1956 1966 1976 1986 1991 1996 2006
22,251 40,076 68,963 118,242 139,923 159,092 197,470

Breakdown of 2006 census:[4]

Total Male Female Family
197,470 98,337 99,133 55,183

Administrative divisions[edit]

Amol is a Shahrestan (county) in Mazandaran, consisting of two Bakhshs (districts): Central and Larijan. The capital of the central bakhsh is Amol city and the capital of Larijan bakhsh is Rineh.

Many of the Amoli people have their own summer houses in Larijan, the mountainous southern part of the greater Amol. Some of the villages in Larijan include: Ab Ask, Abgarm, Amiri, Baijan, Chelav, Era, Gazaneh, Lasem, Namarestagh, Nava, Nyak, Polour, Rineh, and Shahandasht.

Historical and touristic attractions[edit]

  • Mashhad Mirbozorg (Mir Ghavam-O-Din Maraashi Mausoleum[8]
  • Mohammad Taher Shrine[9]
  • Naser-Ol-Hagh Mausoleum[10]
  • Mir Heydar Amoli Mausoleum (Seyyed Setan Shrine)[11]

Climate[edit]

Climate data for Rineh Lar, Amol
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Source: Iranian Meteorological Organization[12]
Panorama Damavand Amol
Paddy Rice field Amol
50000 IRR Iranian Money Printing Takab

Some famous companies[edit]

  • Kalleh Amol Dairy Co Company[13]
  • Peyman Group Amol[14]
  • FZ.CO Iran[15]
  • Delveseh Group[16]
  • Sepidan Asia[17]
  • Iranian Money Printing T A K A B[18]
  • Haraz Dairy Co[19]
  • Broiler Production Integration[20]
  • Abeskoon[21]
  • NASAJI Babakan[22]
  • Tanbaco Khazar[23]
  • Polur Mineral Water Mazandaran[24]
  • Nestle IRAN of the Amol[25]
  • Amolo Mineral water[26]

Notable people[edit]

Notable figures of the past:

Contemporary Figures:

Language[edit]

Most Amoli people speak the Mazandarani language Tabari as a mother tongue. Persian is the most common language spoken in Iran.

Higher education[edit]

Amol has two universities:

Contemporary Events[edit]

The Jungle Uprising (Persian: قيام جنگل): In 1982 Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran) mobilized its forces to jungles around Amol and started some wars against Islamic Republic from there. It finally organized a famous uprising in 25 January 1982. This uprising led to a big failure and most of UIC (S) leaders were hanged but the uprising itself became very famous and is well respected between some Iranian Leftist organizations.

As the administrative center of Amol county[edit]

Amol is the administrative center of Amol county.

Map District City / RA*
(Rural Agglomeration)
Villages
Central Amol City (c)
Bala Khiaban Litkooh RA Derazan, Haloomesar, Oskoo Mahalleh (c), Ziarood, ...
Paeen Khiaban Litkooh RA Hali Koti, Kelaksar, Marandeh (c), ...
Chelav RA Alimestan, Khoshevash, Kondeva, Lehash, Neshel, Razeke (c), Tiar, ...
Haraz-Pey-e Jonoobi RA Ahangar Kola, Aski Mahalleh, Kamangar Kola, Pasha Kola, Qadi Mahalleh (c), Qoroq, ...
Larijan Rineh City (c)
Gazanak City
Bala Larijan RA Ab Ask, Abgarm, Akha, Amir Abad, Dinan, Enheh, Garna, Gazaneh, Gilas, Ira, Kenar Anjam, Kondeloo, Lasem, Lazirak, Malar, Nava, Niak, Polemoon, Poloor, Shahandasht, Shams Abad, Vana, Ziar, ...
Paeen Larijan RA Baijan (c), Haji Dela, Namar, Panjab, ...
Dabudasht Dabudasht City (c)
Daboo-ye Jonoobi RA Darzi Kola, Kachap, Kamangar Kola, Raees Abad (c), Rash Kola, ...
Dasht-e Sar RA Baliran, Ejbar Kola, Firooz Kola, Najjar Mahalleh (c), Pasha Kola, ...

Sport[edit]

Kaleh Amol VC is a volleyball club based in Amol, currently competing in the highest tier of the Iranian volleyball classification, the Iranian Volleyball Super League and Amardian FC in Azadegan League, Kalleh Amol Basketball in LIG1 Iran.

Wrestling and volleyball[edit]

Amol is the birthplace of many popular wrestlers and Volleyball athletes.

Notable wrestlers from Amol include Ghasem Rezaei (Olympic gold medalist), Ali Akbari, Mohsen Hajipour, Nahavandian and in volleyball, Behroz Ataei, Hasan Mansouri, Khowrasani, Adel Gholami, Khosro Ghobadi, Shah Gholam and Alireza Jadidi.

Hotels[edit]

Space Hotel
  • Shahrdari Hotel
  • Space Hotel
  • Lutos Hotel
  • Larijan Hotel
  • Sadaf Hotel

Gallery[edit]

Mazandaran Sea 
Alborz mountains 
Hot Spring Amol 
Yakhi Waterfall 
Felezi (Moalagh) Bridge 
Kafar Koli 
Silver gilt Tabaristan Amol 
Mount Damavand, 5,610 m, the highest point in the Middle East 
 

Sister cities[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Official website
  2. ^ Iran Post Website. Postcode.post.ir (2011-07-11). Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  3. ^ a b Amol can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3053090" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  4. ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Islamic Republic of Iran. Archived from the original on 2010-11-16. 
  5. ^ a b CHN | Tourism and Travel. Chnpress.com. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  6. ^ 11 February: 31 years since the Shah was toppled [AWorldToWinNewsService] AWTW News Service – 8 Feb 2010 2/14/10. Vvawai.org. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  7. ^ "Iran Statistics Institute". Retrieved 1 June 2012. 
  8. ^ [1][dead link]
  9. ^ [2][dead link]
  10. ^ [3][dead link]
  11. ^ [4][dead link]
  12. ^ AVERAGE OF MEAN DAILY TEMPERATURE. IRANIAN METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
  13. ^ About Us. Dairy.kalleh.com. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  14. ^ Home | Peyman Amol Co. Peyman-amol.com. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  15. ^ شرکت فولادین ذوب آمل – فذا. Fzaco.com. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  16. ^ :: گروه سرمایه گذاری سرزمین شمالی – محصولات دلوسه ::. Delveseh.com. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  17. ^ [5][dead link]
  18. ^ "كارخانه توليد كاغذ اسناد بهادار". Cbi.ir. Retrieved 2012-03-01. 
  19. ^ "لبنیات هراز ، واحد نمونه کیفی سال 90". Harazdairy.com. Retrieved 2012-03-01. 
  20. ^ "Zarbal". Zarbal.com. Retrieved 2012-03-01. 
  21. ^ "صنایع آلومینیوم آبسکون". Abeskoon.ir. Retrieved 2012-03-01. 
  22. ^ nassajibabakan.ir
  23. ^ tanbaco.uc.ir
  24. ^ POLUR. Polurco.com. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  25. ^ "Home Nestlé Iran". Nestle.ir. Retrieved 2012-03-01. 
  26. ^ lithiummines.bs
  27. ^ harazuniversity.ir
  28. ^ موسسه آموزش عالی آمل – صفحه اصلی. Amol.ac.ir. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  29. ^ دانشگاه علمي كاربردي واحد 5 مازندارن – آمل. Uast-amol.ac.ir. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  30. ^ موسسه آموزش عالی سبز. Sabz.ac.ir. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  31. ^ "دانشگاه پیام نور مرکز آمل". Pnuamol.ac.ir. Retrieved 2013-05-19. 
  32. ^ دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی – آموزشکده فنی و حرفه ای سما واحد آیت اله آملی. Amol-samacollege.ir. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  33. ^ amol.mubabol.ac.ir
  34. ^ Institut pasteur d'Iran. Pasteur.ac.ir. Retrieved on 2012-03-01.
  35. ^ "موسسه آموزش عالی غیرانتفاعی سمنگان". Samangan.ac.ir. Retrieved 2013-05-19. 

External links[edit]

History of Iran
History of Iran
ANCIENT
Proto-Elamite 3200–2700 BCE
Elam 2700–539 BCE
Mannaeans 850–616 BCE
IMPERIAL
Median Empire 678–550 BCE
  (Scythian Kingdom 652–625 BCE)
Achaemenid Empire 550–330 BCE
Seleucid Empire 312–63 BCE
Parthian Empire 247 BCE – 224 CE
Sassanid Empire 224–651
  (Dabuyid dynasty 642–759/760)
MIDDLE AGES
Umayyad Caliphate 661–750
Abbasid Caliphate 750–1258
Saffarid Dynasty
867–1002
Ziyarid Dynasty
928–1043
Sallarid dynasty
941–1062
Sajid dynasty
889/890–929
Buyid Dynasty
934–1055
Samanid Dynasty
875–999
Ghaznavid Empire 963–1186
Great Seljuq Empire 1037–1194
Ghurid Dynasty 1148–1215
Khwarazmian Empire 1077–1231
Kurt Dynasty 1244–1396
Ilkhanate Empire 1256–1335
Chobanid Dynasty
1335–1357
Muzaffarid Dynasty
1335–1393
Jalayirid Dynasty
1336–1432
Sarbadars
1337–1376
Timurid Empire 1370–1405
Qara Qoyunlu
1406–1468
Timurid Dynasty
1405–1507
Agh Qoyunlu
1468–1508
EARLY MODERN
Safavid Empire 1501–1736
  (Hotaki Dynasty 1722–1729)
Afsharid Empire 1736–1747
Zand Dynasty
1760–1794
Afsharid Dynasty
1747–1796
Qajar Empire 1796–1925
MODERN
Pahlavi Dynasty 1925–1979
Interim Government 1979–1980
Islamic Republic 1980–present