Anamudi

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Anamudi
ആനമുടി
Anamudi.jpg
Anamudi from Eravikulam National Park
Anamudiആനമുടി is located in Kerala
Anamudi
ആനമുടി
Location of Anamudi Peak in Kerala
Elevation 2,695 metres (8,840 ft)
Location Kerala, India
Range Western Ghats
Prominence 2,479 metres (8,130 ft)
Coordinates 10°10′N 77°04′E / 10.167°N 77.067°E / 10.167; 77.067Coordinates: 10°10′N 77°04′E / 10.167°N 77.067°E / 10.167; 77.067[1]
Type Fault-block
Age of rock Cenozoic (100 to 80 mya)
First ascent General Douglas Hamilton
Easiest route hike
Listing Ultra
Translation ஆனைமுடி, ആനമുടി (Tamil, Malayalam)

Anamudi (Tamil: ஆனைமுடி, Malayalam: ആനമുടി) is the highest peak in the Western Ghats and South India, at an elevation of 2,695 metres (8,840 ft), and a topographic prominence of 2,479 metres (8,130 ft). It literally means "Elephant forehead".[2]

The first recorded ascent of the Anamudi was by General Douglas Hamilton of the Madras Army on May 4, 1862, but it is likely that there had been earlier ascents by local people.

Contents

[edit] Climatic zones and biomes

Anaimudi is the highest peak in the Western Ghats in India, having an elevation of 2,695 metres (8,840 ft).[1][3][4] Anamudi is also the highest point in South India[5], and also the highest point in India outside the Himalaya-Karakoram mountain range. This gives Anamudi its relatively large topographic prominence of 2,479 metres (8,130 ft), the associated key saddle being 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) away at 28°35′20″N 76°27′59″E / 28.58889°N 76.46639°E / 28.58889; 76.46639.[6]

The peak is not exceptionally dramatic in terms of steepness or local relief and is a Fault-block mountain.[7] It is located in the southern region of Eravikulam National Park at the junction of the Cardamom Hills, the Anaimalai Hills and the Palni Hills. The nearest town is Munnar, 13 kilometres (8.1 mi). The easiest route to the summit of Anamudi is a technically easy hike on grass slopes, starting from a rolling hill plateau with a base elevation of about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft). The north and south slopes are gentle, while the east and west slopes are steeper, with more difficult rock faces. The heavy evergreen forests are present with bamboos, black-wood (Dalbergia latifolia), and teak growing in abundance. The heavy forest with which the range is clothed is the source of the most valuable of the rivers which traverse the drier country to the east, namely the Kaveri, Vaigai, and Thamirabarani ; and the waters of the Periyar, which flows to the and drains its-self into the Arabian Sea.[5]

Anamudi and the Eravikulam National Park surrounding it is home to the largest surviving population of Asian Elephants, Indian Bisons, Bengal tigers, and the Nilgiri tahr, which not found elsewhere in India.[5] The summit of the Anamudi is vegetated with patches of stunted Arundinaria densifolia and Gaultheria fragrantissima (wintergreen), Anaphalis sp., Impatiens and some species of Eriocaulon.[8]

[edit] Citations

  1. ^ a b "Anai Mudi, India". Peakbagger.com. http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=10664. Retrieved 2009-12-14. 
  2. ^ The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 5 1909, p. 334
  3. ^ Agnihotri, V. K.; Chandragupta Ashokvardhan, Rajendra Vora, Centre for Rural Studies (Lal Bahadur Shastry National Academy of Administration) (2005). Socio-economic Profile of Rural India: South India. 1. Concept Publishing Company. p. 88. ISBN 8170227437. http://books.google.com/books?id=ogNLFpxGoBIC&lpg=PP1&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=&f=false. 
  4. ^ Hunter 2009, p. 268
  5. ^ a b c The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 12 1909, p. 220
  6. ^ "Southern India Mountain Ultra-Prominence". Peaklist.org. http://www.peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/south_india.html. Retrieved 2009-12-14. 
  7. ^ Hoiberg, Dale; Ramchandani, Indu (2000). Dale Hoiberg. ed. Students' Britannica India, Volumes 1-5. Popular Prakashan. p. 63. ISBN 0852297602. http://books.google.co.in/books?id=Kpd9lLY_0-IC&lpg=PP1&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=&f=false. 
  8. ^ "Eravikulam National Park Management Plan". Eravikulam National Park. http://www.eravikulam.org/managementplan.htm. Retrieved 2009-12-14. 

[edit] References

[edit] External links

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