Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
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| Anna Amalia | |
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| Duchess of Saxe-Weimar and Eisenach | |
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| Tenure | 1758-1775 |
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| Tenure | 1756-1758 |
| Spouse | Ernest Augustus II |
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| Charles Augustus Prince Frederick Ferdinand |
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| House | House of Brunswick-Bevern House of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach |
| Father | Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |
| Mother | Philippine Charlotte of Prussia |
| Born | 24 October 1739 Wolfenbüttel |
| Died | 10 April 1807 (aged 67) Weimar |
Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (b. Wolfenbüttel, 24 October 1739 - d. Weimar, 10 April 1807), was a German princess and by marriage the duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach; she was also regent of the states of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach from 1758 to 1775 and an important influential cultural force in Weimar, Saxe-Weimar and the Holy Roman Empire.
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[edit] Family
She was the ninth child of Karl I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia. Her maternal grandparents were Frederick William I of Prussia and Sophia Dorothea of Hanover.
[edit] Life
[edit] Marriage
In Brunswick on 16 March 1756 she married Ernst August II Konstantin, Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. Ernst August died in 1758 leaving her regent for their infant son, Karl August.
[edit] Regency
During Karl August's immaturity she administered the affairs of the duchy with notable prudence, strengthening its resources and improving its position in spite of the troubles of the Seven Years' War.
As a patron of art and literature she drew many of the most eminent men in Germany to Weimar including Johann Gottfried Herder, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and Friedrich Schiller. Amalia von Helvig was also later to be a part of her court. She hired Christoph Martin Wieland, a poet and translator of William Shakespeare, to educate her son. She also established the Duchess Anna Amalia Library, which is now home to some 850,000 volumes.
Anna Amalia was also a notable composer; among her significant works is a Singspiel called Erwin und Elmire (1776), based on a text by Goethe.
In 1775, with her son having attained his maturity, she retired. The duchess was honoured in Goethe's work under the title Zum Andenken der Fürstin Anna-Amalia.
[edit] Ancestors
| Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel | Father: Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
Paternal Grandfather: Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
Paternal Great-grandfather: Duke Ferdinand Albert I of Brunswick |
| Paternal Great-grandmother: Christine of Hesse-Eschwege |
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| Paternal Grandmother: Antoinette Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
Paternal Great-grandfather: Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |
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| Paternal Great-grandmother: Christine Louise of Oettingen |
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| Mother: Princess Philippine Charlotte of Prussia |
Maternal Grandfather: Frederick William I of Prussia |
Maternal Great-grandfather: Frederick I of Prussia |
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| Maternal Great-grandmother: Sophia Charlotte of Hanover |
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| Maternal Grandmother: Sophia Dorothea of Hanover |
Maternal Great-grandfather: George I of Great Britain |
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| Maternal Great-grandmother: Sophia Dorothea of Celle |
[edit] References
- F. Bornhak, Anna Amalia, Herzogin von Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Berlin, Germany: 1892
- Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, vol. 1, p. 886-887
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Anna Amalia, Duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach |
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
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Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Cadet branch of the House of Welf
Born: 24 October 1739 Died: 10 April 1807 |
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| German royalty | ||
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| Vacant
Title last held by
Sophie Charlotte of Brandenburg-Bayreuth |
Duchess consort of Saxe-Weimar 16 March 1756 – 28 May 1758 |
Vacant
Title next held by
Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt |
| Duchess consort of Saxe-Eisenach 16 March 1756 – 28 May 1758 |
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