Articular capsule
| Joint capsule | |
|---|---|
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| Typical joint | |
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| Diagrammatic section of a diarthrodial joint. | |
| Latin | capsulae articulares |
| Gray's | subject #68 282 |
An articular capsule (or joint capsule) is an envelope surrounding a synovial joint.[1]
Contents |
[edit] Layers
Each capsule consists of two layers:
- an outer layer (stratum fibrosum) composed of avascular white fibrous tissue
- an inner layer (stratum synoviale) which is a secreting layer, and is usually described separately as the synovial membrane.
On the inside of the capsule, articular cartilage covers the end surfaces of the bones that articulate within that joint.
The outer layer is highly innervated by the same nerves which perforate through the adjacent muscles associated with the joint.
[edit] Pathology
Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) is a disorder in which the shoulder capsule becomes inflamed.
Plica Syndrome is a disorder in which the synovial plica becomes inflamed and causes abnormal biomechanics in the knee.
[edit] See also
- articular capsule of the humerus
- articular capsule of the knee joint
- capsule of hip joint
- capsule of temporomandibular joint
- atlantoaxial articular capsule
- capsule of atlantooccipital articulation
[edit] Additional images
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Left clavicle. Inferior surface.
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Right hip bone. External surface.
[edit] References
[edit] External links
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained within it may be outdated.
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