Asbest
Coordinates: 57°00′N 61°28′E / 57°N 61.467°E
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Asbest (Russian: Асбе́ст) is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Bolshoy Reft River (right tributary of the Pyshma) on the eastern slopes of the Urals, 70 kilometers (43 mi) northeast of Yekaterinburg. Population: 68,914 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 76,328 (2002 Census);[2] 84,470 (1989 Census).[3] Postal code: 624260. International dialing code: +7 (34365).[citation needed]
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[edit] History
It was founded in 1889 as Kudelka (Куделька). It was granted town status and given its present name in 1933. The town is named for its asbestos industry.
[edit] Administrative and municipal status
Administratively, along with the work settlements of Malysheva and Reftinsky and five rural localities, the town is incorporated as the Town of Asbest—an administrative unit with a status equal to that of the districts.
Municipally, Asbest and two rural localities are incorporated as Asbestovsky Urban Okrug. The urban-type settlement of Malysheva, along with three other rural localities, is independently incorporated as Malyshevsky Urban Okrug, and the urban-type settlement of Reftinsky is incorporated as Reftinsky Urban Okrug.
[edit] Economy
Today's Asbest is a large industrial center. Joint-stock company Uralasbest is the main industrial enterprise. The chrysotile (asbestos) mine adjacent to the town is the subject of published, peer-reviewed scientific investigations and is said to be the world's largest.[4] The adjacent open-pit Uralasbest mine is said to be "seven miles (11 km) long and 1 to 1.5 miles (2.5 km) wide, (and) it is nearly half the size of Manhattan — and more than a thousand feet (300 meters) deep".[5]
Other factories include UralATI, Zarechny, Asbostroy, Asbestovskaya poultry processing plant, and a ferroconcrete production factory. Asbestos, bricks, porcelain, furniture, metal constructions, and other products are produced in Asbest.[citation needed]
[edit] Education and recreation
The town is home to the Uralasbest stadium, which seats ten thousand people. Educational facilities include music schools, a school of art, an Olympic school, an institute of science and research, professional schools, and colleges of mining and economics. There are two museums: a geological museum and a museum of local lore.[citation needed]
[edit] References
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Tossavainen, Antti; Kovalevsky, Evgeny; Vanhala, Esa; Vanhala, Timo; Tuomi, Timo (2000). "Pulmonary mineral fibers after occupational and environmental exposure to asbestos in the Russian chrysotile industry". American Journal of Industrial Medicine 37 (4): 327–333. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(200004)37:4<327::AID-AJIM1>3.0.CO;2-1. PMID 10706743.
- ^ Shleynov, Roman (July 20, 2010). "The World's Asbestos Behemoth". The Center for Public Integrity.
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