Auditory learning
Auditory learning is a learning style in which a person learns through listening. An auditory learner depends on hearing and speaking as a main way of learning.[1] Auditory learners must be able to hear what is being said in order to understand and may have difficulty with instructions that are written. They also use their listening and repeating skills to sort through the information that is sent to them.[2]
The Fleming VAK/VARK model, one of the most common and widely used categorizations of the various types of learning styles,[3] categorized the various types of learning styles as follows: visual learners, auditory learners, reading/writing-preference learners, and kinesthetic learners (also known as "tactile learners").[4]
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[edit] Prevalence
Auditory learners make up about 20% of the population.[5]
[edit] Lack of evidence
Although learning styles have "enormous popularity", and both children and adults express personal preferences, there is no evidence that identifying a student's learning style produces better outcomes, and there is significant evidence that the widely touted "meshing hypothesis" (that a student will learn best if taught in a method deemed appropriate for the student's learning style) is invalid.[6] Well-designed studies "flatly contradict the popular meshing hypothesis".[6] Rather than targeting instruction to the "right" learning style, students appear to benefit most from mixed modality presentations, for instance using both auditory and visual techniques for all students.[7]
[edit] See also
- Learning styles
- Visual learning
- Auditory learning
- Kinesthetic learning
[edit] References
- ^ Kostelnik, M.J., Soderman, A.K., Whiren, AP. (2004). Developmentally Appropriate Curriculum: Best Practices in Early Childhood Education (3rd ed.). Columbus: Pearson, Merrill Prentice Hall.
- ^ Vincent, A.; Ross, D. (2001). "Learning Style Awareness". Journal of Research on Computing in Education 33: 1–10.
- ^ Leite, Walter L.; Svinicki, Marilla; and Shi, Yuying: Attempted Validation of the Scores of the VARK: Learning Styles Inventory With Multitrait–Multimethod Confirmatory Factor Analysis Models, pg. 2. SAGE Publications, 2009.
- ^ LdPride. (n.d.). What are learning styles? Retrieved October 7, 2008
- ^ Heller, Steven, and Terry Steelblahe. Monsters and Magical Sticks. Gay Falcon. 55.
- ^ a b Harold Pashler, Mark McDaniel, Doug Rohrer and Robert Bjork (2009). "Learning Styles: Concepts and Evidence". Psychological Science in the Public Interest 9 (3): 105–119. doi:10.1111/j.1539-6053.2009.01038.x. ISSN 1539-6053. http://psi.sagepub.com/content/9/3/105.full.
- ^ Coffield, F., Moseley, D., Hall, E., Ecclestone, K. (2004). Learning styles and pedagogy in post-16 learning. A systematic and critical review. London: Learning and Skills Research Centre.
