Avian infectious bronchitis virus
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| Avian infectious bronchitis virus | |
|---|---|
| Virus classification | |
| Group: | Group IV ((+)ssRNA) |
| Order: | Nidovirales |
| Family: | Coronaviridae |
| Genus: | Coronavirus |
| Species: | Avian infectious bronchitis virus |
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a coronavirus which infects poultry, causing the associated disease, infectious bronchitis (IB). It is a highly infectious avian pathogen which affects the respiratory tract, gut, kidney and reproductive systems of chickens.[1][2]
Contents |
[edit] Classification
IBV is a coronavirus with a non-segmented, positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome.[3]
[edit] Pathology
[edit] Repiratory system
When virus is inhaled through respiratory tract, virus is attached to ciliated epithelial cells on respiratory tract. Then viral replication starts and viral particles spread into blood vessel in which they causes viremia. This process leads to necrosis of respiratory tract which causes coughing, rale.
[edit] Kidney
Through viremia, some nephrotropic strains (most of them have high virulence) could penetrate into kidney. It causes swelling, urolithiasis in kidney. Grossly, pale color of kidney could be appeared. Microscopically, uric crystals could be found in the renal tubule or ureter.
[edit] Reproductive system
Viremia also lead to reduction of egg productivity. The accumulation of white, sticky exudate could plug cloaca which is referred to as "Pasting". In some cases, ovarian follicle could be found on peritoneal cavity. But this lesion is not specific for infectitive bronchitis. Many acute diseases of layer could lead to that condition.[4]
[edit] References
- ^ Casais, R., Thiel, V.,, Siddell, S.G., Cavanagh, D., Britton, P. (2001). "Reverse genetics system for the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus.". Journal of Virology 75: 12359–12369. doi:.
- ^ Cavanagh, D. (2001). "A nomenclature for avian coronavirus isolates and the question of species status.". Avian Pathology 30: 109-115. doi:.
- ^ de Vries, A.A.F., Horzinek, M.C., Rottier, P.J.M., de Groot., R.J. (1997). "The genome organisation of the Nidovirales: similarities and differences between arteri-, toro-, and coronaviruses.". Seminars in Virology 8: 33-547. doi:.
- ^ "Infectious Bronchitis: Introduction". The Merck Veterinary Manual. 2006. http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/206500.htm. Retrieved 2007-06-17.
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