Awarua (New Zealand electorate)

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Awarua was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate from 1881 to 1996.

Population centres[edit]

The previous electoral redistribution was undertaken in 1875 for the 1875–1876 election. In the six years since, New Zealand's European population had increased by 65%. In the 1881 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives increased the number of European representatives to 91 (up from 84 since the 1875–76 election). The number of Māori electorates was held at four. The House further decided that electorates should not have more than one representative, which led to 22 new electorates being formed, including Awarua, and two electorates that had previously been abolished to be recreated. This necessitated a major disruption to existing boundaries.[1]

This electorate was in the rural part of Southland. In its original form, it covered the area around the town of Invercargill, which had its own electorate. Bluff fell into Awarua, and all of Stewart Island / Rakiura.[2] On the mainland, Awarua had taken area from Riverton (which was abolished) and from Mataura (which moved to the east and north). Stewart Island had previously belonged to Wallace.[3]

History[edit]

The electorate was established in 1881. It was represented by the Prime Minister, Sir Joseph Ward from 1887 to 1919. Philip De La Perrelle announced his retirement due to ill health in August 1935.[4] He died within days of the 1935 election[5] and was succeeded by James Hargest.[6]

In the 1996 election, the first MMP election, the electorate was absorbed into the adjacent Invercargill electorate.

Members of Parliament[edit]

Key

  Independent   Liberal   Reform   United   National   Labour

Election Winner
1881 election James Joyce
1884 election
1887 election Joseph Ward
1890 election
1893 election
1896 election
1897 by-election
1899 election
1902 election
1905 election
1908 election
1911 election
1914 election
1919 election John Hamilton
1922 election Philip De La Perrelle
1925 election John Hamilton
1928 election Philip De La Perrelle
1931 election
1935 election James Hargest1
1938 election
1943 election
1944 by-election George Herron
1946 election
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election Gordon Grieve
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election Hugh Templeton
1972 election Aubrey Begg
1975 election Rex Austin
1978 election
1981 election
1984 election
1987 election Jeff Grant
1990 election
1993 election Eric Roy
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Invercargill)

1James Hargest was originally an Independent supporter of the Reform Party. He joined the National Party in 1936.

Election results[edit]

1963 election[edit]

1963 general election: Awarua[7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Gordon Grieve 7,869 55.2 -1.7
Labour Noel Valentine 4,496 31.6
Social Credit D McNaughton 1,194 8.4 +0.2
Liberal R J Egerton 691 4.8
Majority 3,373 23.6 +1.6
Turnout 16,301 87.9 +0.3

1944 by-election[edit]

1944 Awarua by-election[8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National George Herron 4,659 62.40
Labour Leo Sylvester O'Sullivan 2,558 34.26
Real Democracy Robert Henderson 249 3.33
Majority 2,101 28.14
Turnout 7,466

1935 election[edit]

1935 general election: Awarua[9][10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent James Hargest[nb 1] 3,651 41.32
Labour Thomas Francis Doyle[11] 2,701 30.57
Democrat L. A. Neiderer[nb 2] 2,182 24.70
Independent Norman MacIntyre[13] 301 3.41
Majority 950 10.75
Informal votes 140 1.56
Turnout 8,975 94.14
Registered electors 9,534

Table footnotes:

  1. ^ James Hargest ran as an Independent, but was aligned to the Reform Party[6]
  2. ^ Neiderer was a former chairman of the Southland County Council[12]

1931 election[edit]

1931 general election: Awarua[14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
United Philip De La Perrelle 4,645 65.04 +10.38
Independent Norman McIntyre[15] 2,497 34.96
Majority 2,148 30.08 +17.47
Informal votes 134 1.84 +0.95
Turnout 7,276 83.82 -9.98
Registered electors 8,681

1928 election[edit]

1928 general election: Awarua[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
United Philip De La Perrelle 4,358 54.66 +6.09
Reform John Hamilton 3,353 42.05 -9.37
Labour William Denham 262 3.29
Majority 1,005 12.61 +9.75
Informal votes 72 0.89 +0.49
Turnout 8,045 93.80 -0.25
Registered electors 8,577

1925 election[edit]

1925 general election: Awarua[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform John Hamilton 3,962 51.43 +2.81
Liberal Philip De La Perrelle 3,742 48.57 -0.76
Majority 220 2.86 +2.14
Informal votes 31 0.40
Turnout 7,704 94.04 +4.39
Registered electors 8,192

1922 election[edit]

1922 general election: Awarua[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Philip De La Perrelle 3,531 49.33
Reform John Hamilton 3,480 48.62
Independent Norman McIntyre[19] 147 2.05
Majority 51 0.71
Turnout 7,158 89.65
Registered electors 7,984

1919 election[edit]

1919 general election: Awarua[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Reform John Hamilton 3,164 55.99 +18.16
Liberal Sir Joseph Ward 2,407 42.59 -19.57
Informal votes 80 1.41 +0.74
Majority 757 13.39
Turnout 5,651 81.46 +1.57
Registered electors 6,937

1914 election[edit]

1914 general election: Awarua[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Sir Joseph Ward 3,132 62.16 +8.51
Reform John Hamilton 1,906 37.83 -4.18
Informal votes 34 0.67 +0.85
Majority 1,226 24.33 +12.69
Turnout 5,038 83.03 +3.68
Registered electors 6,067

1911 election[edit]

1911 general election: Awarua, First ballot[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Sir Joseph Ward 2,893 53.65 -11.27
Reform John Hamilton 2,265 42.01
Independent William Morris 152 2.81 -15.93
Informal votes 82 1.52 -2.22
Majority 628 11.64 -34.18
Turnout 5,392 86.71 +5.06
Registered electors 6,218

1908 election[edit]

1908 general election: Awarua, First ballot[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Sir Joseph Ward 3,069 64.92 -16.76
Independent William Morris 886 18.74
Conservative Alfred Snowball 595 12.58
Informal votes 177 3.74 +2.24
Majority 2,183 46.18 -18.69
Turnout 4,727 81.65 -1.74
Registered electors 5,789

1905 election[edit]

1905 general election: Awarua[24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Sir Joseph Ward 3,586 81.68 +6.31
Independent Henry Woodnorth 738 16.82
Informal votes 66 1.50
Majority 2,848 64.87 +14.12
Turnout 4,390 83.39 -6.70
Registered electors 5,264

1902 election[edit]

1902 general election: Awarua[25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Sir Joseph Ward 2,795 75.37 -2.55
Independent David Whyte 913 24.63
Majority 1,882 50.75
Turnout 3,708 76.69 +0.32
Registered electors 4,835

1899 election[edit]

1899 general election: Awarua[26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Joseph Ward 2,417 77.92 +14.06
Conservative W. T. Murray[27] 685 22.08
Majority 1,732 55.83 +28.12
Turnout 3,102 76.37
Registered electors 4,062

1897 by-election[edit]

1897 Awarua by-election[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Joseph Ward 2,066 69.42 +5.82
Conservative Cuthbert Cowan 910 30.58 -5.82
Turnout 2,976
Majority 1,156 38.84 +11.65

1896 election[edit]

1896 general election: Awarua[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Joseph Ward 1,836 63.60
Conservative Cuthbert Cowan[30] 1,051 36.40
Turnout 2,887 72.68
Majority 785 27.19
Registered electors 3,887

1893 election[edit]

1893 general election: Awarua[31][32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Joseph Ward Unopposed
Registered electors 3,129

1890 election[edit]

1890 general election: Awarua[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Joseph Ward Unopposed
Registered electors 2,158

1887 election[edit]

1887 general election: Awarua[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Joseph Ward 660 50.84
Independent George Froggatt 401 30.89
Independent James Walker Bain 237 18.25
Majority 259 19.95
Turnout 1,298 62.46
Registered electors 2,078

1884 election[edit]

1884 general election: Awarua[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent James Joyce 398 43.54
Independent John Lyon McDonald 311 34.03
Independent Andrew Kinross[36][37] 74 8.10
Independent John Walker Mitchell 67 7.33
Independent Thomas Hodgkinson[38] 64 7.00
Majority 87 9.52
Turnout 914

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 45, 49.
  2. ^ McRobie 1989, p. 49.
  3. ^ McRobie 1989, pp. 43–48.
  4. ^ "Not a Candidate". Auckland Star. Vol. LXVI, no. 189. 12 August 1935. p. 9. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
  5. ^ "Obituary". Auckland Star. Vol. LXVI, no. 290. 7 December 1935. p. 10. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
  6. ^ a b Wilson 1985, p. 203.
  7. ^ Norton 1988, pp. 197.
  8. ^ "National Win Awarua By-election". Auckland Star. Vol. LXXV, no. 257. 30 October 1944. p. 7. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
  9. ^ The New Zealand Official Year-Book. Government Printer. 1936. Archived from the original on 1 May 2012. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  10. ^ "Further Final Counts". The Evening Post. Vol. CXX, no. 137. 6 December 1935. p. 10. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  11. ^ "Awarua Electorate". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. LXXI, no. 21761. 28 March 1934. p. 14. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  12. ^ "General Election". Lake Wakatip Mail. No. 4222. 20 August 1935. p. 4. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  13. ^ "Independent Candidate for Awarua". The Press. Vol. LXXI, no. 21555. 19 August 1935. p. 12. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
  14. ^ The General Election, 1931. Government Printer. 1932. p. 1. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
  15. ^ "Page 4 Advertisements Column 4". Akaroa Mail and Banks Peninsula Advertiser. Vol. LV, no. 5636. 1 December 1931. p. 4. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  16. ^ The General Election, 1928. Government Printer. 1929. p. 1. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
  17. ^ "Awarua". The Evening Post. Vol. 116, no. 116. 12 November 1925. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  18. ^ "Awarua". Hawera & Normanby Star. Vol. XLII. 14 December 1922. p. 7. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  19. ^ "In Southland". The Evening Post. Vol. CIV, no. 133. 2 December 1922. p. 8. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  20. ^ Hislop, J. (1921). The General Election, 1919. National Library. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
  21. ^ Hislop, J. (1915). The General Election, 1914. National Library. pp. 1–33. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
  22. ^ "The General Election, 1911". National Library. 1912. pp. 1–14. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
  23. ^ "The General Election, 1908". National Library. 1909. pp. 1–34. Retrieved 14 April 2012.
  24. ^ The General Election, 1905. p. 3. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  25. ^ The General Election, 1902. National Library. 1903. p. 1. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
  26. ^ "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 3. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
  27. ^ "Farewell to Mr and Mrs W. T. Murray and Mr and Mrs B. W. R. Dunn". The Southland Times. No. 14743. 12 September 1900. p. 3. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
  28. ^ "The Awarua Election". The Timaru Herald. Vol. LX, no. 2467. 7 August 1897. p. 3. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
  29. ^ "The Awarua Election". Vol. LX, no. 2467. The Timaru Herald. 7 August 1897. p. 3. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
  30. ^ "The General Election". The Press. Vol. LIII, no. 9565. 4 November 1896. p. 6. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
  31. ^ The General Election, 1893. Government Printer. 1894. p. 1. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  32. ^ "The General Election". Otago Daily Times. 28 November 1893. p. 6. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  33. ^ "New Zealand General Election, 1890". 1891. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
  34. ^ "The General Election, 1887". National Library. 1887. pp. 1–4. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
  35. ^ "The General Election, 1884". National Library. 1884. p. 3. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
  36. ^ "The Southland Times". The Southland Times. No. 4990. 30 July 1884. p. 2. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
  37. ^ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1905). "Old Colonists". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Otago & Southland Provincial Districts. Christchurch: The Cyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 12 December 2015.
  38. ^ "The Southland Times". The Southland Times. No. 4965. 26 June 1884. p. 2. Retrieved 3 August 2012.

References[edit]

  • McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
  • Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand Parliamentary Election Results 1946-1987: Occasional Publications No 1, Department of Political Science. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
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