Barakzai dynasty
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| Country | Afghanistan |
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| Titles | Emir, King |
| Founder | Dost Mohammad Khan |
| Final sovereign | Mohammad Zahir Shah |
| Current head | Ahmad Shah Khan |
| Founding | 1826 |
| Dissolution | 1973 |
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| History of Afghanistan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Barakzai dynasty (Translation of Barakzai: sons of Barak) ruled Afghanistan from 1826 until 1929 or 1973 when the monarchy rule finally ended under Mohammad Zahir Shah. The Barakzai dynasty was established by Dost Mohammad Khan after the Durrani dynasty of Ahmad Shah Durrani was removed from power. During this era, Afghanistan saw much of its territory lost to the British in the south and east, Persia in the west, and Russia in the north. There were also many conflicts within Afghanistan, including the three major Anglo-Afghan Wars and the 1929 civil war.
Barakzai is a common ethnic name among the Pashtuns of Afghanistan and Pakistan, meaning "son of Barak" in the Pashto language. Barakzai may also be the name of a Baloch tribe in Iran.[citation needed] There are seven distinct Pashtun tribes named Barakzai, with the Zīrak branch of the Abdal Tareen, Bor Tareen, Tareen. The Durrani is being the most important and largest tribe with over 4 million people.[1]
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[edit] History and background
Part of a series on Kingdoms (Lodi · Suri
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The Barakzai dynasty was the line of rulers in Afghanistan in the 19th and 20th centuries. Following the fall of the Durrani Empire in 1826, chaos reigned in the domains of Ahmed Shah Durrani's Afghan Empire as various sons of Timur Shah struggled for supremacy. The Afghan Empire ceased to exist as a single nation state, disintegrating for a brief time into a fragmented collection of small units. Dost Mohammad Khan gained preeminence in 1826 and founded the Barakzai dynasty in about 1837. Thereafter, his descendants ruled in direct succession until 1929, when King Amanullah Khan abdicated and his cousin Mohammed Nadir Shah was elected king. The most prominent subclan of the Barakzai Pashtun tribe is the Mohamedzai (Mohammadzai) clan, of which the several last kings had come from, including Mohammad Zahir Shah, the last king of Afghanistan.
According to Hyat Khan history of Afghanistan from their progenitor Bor Tareen, otherwise known as Abdal, are descended two main division the Zirak and the Panjpai. The term Abdal, however, gradually superseded that of Bor Tareen and came into special prominence when Ahmad Shah Abdali commonly known as Durrani, began his career of conquest. The Achakzais are, in strictness, a branch of the Barakzai but Ahmad Shah, Durrani himself an Abdal Tareen, fearing the growing numbers of the Barakzai, separated them from the parent stock, since which time their organization has remained distinct.
[edit] List of Barakzai rulers
- Dost Mohammad Khan (1823 — August 1839)
- Akbar Khan (December 1842 - 1845)
- Dost Mohammad Khan (1845 — June 9, 1863)
- Sher Ali Khan (June 12, 1863 — May 5, 1866
- Mohammad Afzal Khan (May 5, 1866 — October 7, 1867)
- Mohammad Azam Khan (October 7, 1867 - February 21, 1868)
- Sher Ali Khan (February 21, 1868 — February 21, 1879)
- Mohammad Yaqub Khan (February 21, 1879 — October 28, 1879)
- Abdur Rahman Khan (August 11, 1880 — October 3, 1901)
- Habibullah Khan (October 3, 1901 — February 20, 1919)
- Amanullah Khan (February 28, 1919 — January 14, 1929)
- Inayatullah Khan (January 14, 1929 — January 17, 1929)
- Mohammed Nadir Shah (October 17, 1929 — November 8, 1933)
- Mohammed Zahir Shah (November 8, 1933 — July 17, 1973)
[edit] Heads of the House of Barakzai since 1973
- Zahir Shah (July 17, 1973 — July 23, 2007)
- Ahmad Shah Khan (July 23, 2007 — Present)
[edit] The Emirate of Western Baluchistan
- Bahram Khan Barkzai (Baranzahi) (1903—1919)
- Mir Dost Mohmmad Khan Baranzahi (Barakzai) (1919—1928)
[edit] Nawabs of Kurwai & Basoda
Barakzai Feroze Khel
- Muhammad Dalayer Khan (founder — 1730)
[edit] Kurwai
- Muhammad Izzat Khan
- Hurmat Khan
- Muhammad Akbar Khan
- Muhammad Muzaffar Khan
- Muhammad Najaf Khan
- Munawar Ali Khan
[edit] Basoda
- Ahsanullah Khan d.1786
- Bakaullah Khan
- Asad Ali Khan
- Haider Ali Khan (became Nawab in 1897)
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Balland, D.. "BĀRAKZĪ". Encyclopædia Iranica (Online Edition ed.). United States: Columbia University. http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/unicode/v3f7/v3f7a059.html.
