Kraków barbican
The Kraków barbican (Polish: barbakan krakowski) is a barbican – a fortified outpost once connected to the city walls. It is a historic gateway leading into the Old Town of Kraków, Poland. The barbican is one of the few remaining relics of the complex network of fortifications and defensive barriers that once encircled the royal city of Kraków in the south of Poland.[1][2] It currently serves as a tourist attraction and venue for a variety of exhibitions.[3]
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[edit] History
Based on Arabic rather than European defensive architecture,[4] this masterpiece of medieval military engineering, with its circular fortress, was added to the city's fortifications along the coronation route in the late 15th century.[5][6]
The Gothic-style barbican, built around 1498, is one of only three such fortified outposts still surviving in Europe, and the best preserved. It is a moated cylindrical brick structure with an inner courtyard 24.4 meters in diameter, and seven turrets. Its 3-meter-thick walls hold 130 embrasures. The barbican was originally linked to the city walls by a covered passageway that led through St. Florian's Gate and served as a checkpoint for all who entered the city.[7] On its eastern wall, a tablet commemorates the feat of the Kraków burgher, Marcin Oracewicz, who, during the Bar Confederation, defended the town against the Russians and shot their Colonel Panin.
[edit] See also
- Planty Park which encircles the Old Town (Stare Miasto)
- Warsaw barbican
[edit] Notes
- ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2002-2009, The Sites on the UNESCO List. Krakow, at Poland.gov.pl
- ^ Jane Perlez, Cracow Emerges From the Shadows in the New York Times, July 18, 1993.
- ^ Mieczyslaw Kasprzyk, The Walls, Barbakan and the Florianska in "Krakow" from the Internet Archive
- ^ The Barbican (Barbakan) at www.tripadvisor.com
- ^ Beata Moore, Cracow: City of Treasures, 112 pages. Published by Frances Lincoln, ISBN 0711225710
- ^ Kraków – City portrait at Compress VerlagsgesmbH, Wien, Österreich
- ^ This article incorporates information available at the Polish Wikipedia, including English text at Verbia - Guided tours of Krakow
[edit] Bibliography
- Marek Żukow-Karczewski, "Barbakan" (The Barbican), Magazyn Kulturalny "KRAKÓW"; Special Edition (English-language version) "KRAKÓW" Magazine, Kraków, 1991.
[edit] External links
Media related to Barbakan in Kraków at Wikimedia Commons
- Kraków Poland: information about and photographs of Kraków's Barbican
Coordinates: 50°03′56″N 19°56′30″E / 50.06556°N 19.94167°E
