Barrio
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Barrio (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbarjo]) is a Spanish word meaning district or neighborhood.
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[edit] Usage
In its formal usage in English, barrios are generally considered cohesive places, sharing, for example, a church and traditions such as feast days. In Cuba, Puerto Rico and Spain, the term barrio is also used to denote a subdivision of a municipio (or municipality); the barrios are further subdivided into sectors. In the Philippines, the term may also simply refer to a rural village and is spelled in Filipino as baryo.
In Argentina and Uruguay, a barrio is a traditional division of a municipality officially delineated by the local authority at a later time, and sometimes keeps a distinct character from others (as in the barrios of Buenos Aires though they have been superseded by larger administrative divisions). Here, the word does not have a special socioeconomic connotation, except that it is used in contrast to the centro (city center or downtown). The expression barrio cerrado (translated "closed neighborhood") is employed for small, upper-class, residential settlements, planned with an exclusive criterion and often literally enclosed in walls (a kind of gated community).
While there are many so-called barrios in the United States, Roma Creek, Texas; Avondale, Arizona; Coachella, California; La Puente, California; Lawrence, Massachusetts; and Huron, California are among the largest and most well-known, and are simply referred to as "El Barrio" by natives of the surrounding areas.
But the urban barrios most portrayed in national media and pop culture include Spanish Harlem, East Los Angeles; Pilsen, Chicago; North East Side (Denver) in Denver, Colorado; Washington Heights; Jackson Heights in New York City; Mission District, San Francisco; parts of West Oakland in Oakland, California; East San Jose in San Jose, California; Segundo Barrio in El Paso; and others across the country.
In communities with Hispanic (in this case, Mexican-American) majorities or pluralities such as Dallas, Houston, San Antonio and El Paso of Texas; the unincorporated community of East L.A. and Santa Ana, California among others in Southern California; and South Phoenix and South Tucson in Arizona - "barrio" may refer to neighborhoods with a long history of being ethnic enclaves, as opposed to middle class or suburban residential districts that merely have many Hispanic residents.
In the United States barrios can also refer to the geographical "turf" claimed by a Latino gang; this usage is generally limited to the Chicano gangs of California. The dramatization of gang life in music videos and movies has popularized this usage among the general population. Some gangs spell the word varrio, a common variant as some Spanish speakers (such as Mexicans) pronounce the letter "v" like the English "b". In yet another colloquial usage of the term, ethnic "ghettos" and "-towns" are often referred to by Spanish speakers as barrios appended with the appropriate qualifying adjective. For example, Chinatowns are known as barrios chinos.
The United States usage is also seen in Venezuela and the Dominican Republic, where barrio is commonly given to slums in the outer rims of big cities such as Caracas and Santo Domingo, as well as lower to middle class neighborhoods in other cities and towns.
[edit] Other appearances
Barrio and Barrios are also Spanish surnames. The equivalent French spelling, Barriault, is a common name in Quebec. In Portugal the derived surname Barros is very common.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
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Look up barrio in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
