Battle of Inverurie (1745)
Coordinates: 57°16′55″N 2°22′41″W / 57.282°N 2.378°W
| Battle of Inverurie | |||||||
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| Part of the Jacobite Rising of 1745 | |||||||
 Inverurie |
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 Hanoverians |
 Jacobite Forces |
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| MacLeod of MacLeod |
Lord Lewis Gordon |
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| Strength | |||||||
| 1200 men | 1100 men and 5 Cannon | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| unknown dead and wounded. About 50 taken prisoner. | unknown | ||||||
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For the battle of the same name during the Wars of Scottish Independence see: Battle of Inverurie (1308).
The second Battle of Inverurie took place on 23 December 1745 and was part of the second major Jacobite rising in Scotland.[1]
Contents |
[edit] Background
Lord Lewis Gordon had been raising Jacobite forces and had managed to create two battalions. James Moir of Stoneywood commanded one battalion and Gordon of Abbachy commanded the other. Lord Lewis Gordon had also raised a considerable sum of money, but he was thwarted by his brother; Cosmo George Gordon, 3rd Duke of Gordon, who supported the British Government.[1]
To put an end to Lord Lewis Gordon's Jacobite recruitment, John Campbell, 4th Earl of Loudoun who was the King's commander in chief in the North, despatched the Laird MacLeod of MacLeod from Inverness with 500 men of the Clan MacLeod. MacLeod gained support from George Munro of Culcairn with 200 men from the Clan Munro and the Laird of Grant with 500 men of the Clan Grant.[1]
Lord Lewis Gordon ordered his men to fall back to Aberdeen where he was joined by a number of men from Forfarshire and Kincardineshire. He was also joined by Lord Drummon's French troops who had just landed in Montrose. He was also joined by 300 men of the Clan Farquharson as well as his own two battalions under James Moir of Stoneywood.[1]
[edit] The battle
The Laird of Grant fearing for his own country (territory) decided to return home with all of his forces and George Munro of Culcairn held post at a safe place called Oldmeldrum. MacLeod however thought otherwise, he advanced and occupied the town of Inverurie, 16 miles north-west of Aberdeen. Lord Lewis Gordon on hearing of MacLeod's incautious movement was determined to attack his opponent.[1]
Lord Lewis Gordon moved from Aberdeen on 23 December with 1,100 men and 5 pieces of cannon which had been taken off a ship in the harbour. With the main body of his army he crossed the Bridge of Don and took the route by Fintray up the left bank of the river, while he sent a detachment of 300 men, French and others, by the Tyrebagger road, the main road to Inverurie, so as to deceive the Macleods with their real intentions.[1]
At about four o'clock in the afternoon the French party, who had marched by the right bank of the River Don, dashed into the river and waded across. They then attacked the Macleods on the south-west side of Inverurie. Lord Lewis Gordon then immediately crossed the River Ury on the east side of the town near Inverurie Parish Church, (The Auld Kirk of Inverurie) now known as St Andrew's Parish Church, Inverurie, and attacked the town from there where the Macleods were taken completely by surprise.[1]
The MacLeods opened fire from the ditches and from behind walls, but were outnumbered, and being vigorously pressed, they gave way and retreated, and were pushed back to Elgin. The chief of the MacLeods gathered his men, and while retreating, fought by the moonlight.[1]
[edit] Aftermath
Many of MacLeod's men were killed, and about fifty were taken prisoner, including two of his main allies who were a Gordon, the younger son of Gordon of Ardoch and Forbes of Echt. Also taken prisoner was John Chalmers, formerly Principal and Professor of King's College, Aberdeen. Most of the MacLeods including their chief retreated safely back to their own country.[1]
Another man taken prisoner by the Jacobites was Duncan Ban MacCrimmon who was said to be the greatest of all Highland Pipers. As a mark of respect the Jacobite Pipers refused to play until he was released. The silence of the Jacobite pipers ensured his release and Duncan Ban rejoined the Government Hanoverians.[1]
