Beskids
The Beskids (Polish: Beskidy, Czech: Beskydy, Slovak: Beskydy, Rusyn: Бескиды (Beskidy), Ukrainian: Бескиди (Beskydy)) is a traditional name for a series of Eastern European mountain ranges.
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[edit] Definition
The Beskids are approximately 600 km in length and 50–70 km in width. They stand mainly along the southern border of Poland, and in the neighboring far eastern Czech Republic, neighboring regions in northern Slovakia, and in western Ukraine.
Multiple traditions, languages and nationalities have developed overlapping variants for the divisions and names of these ranges. Geologically all of the Beskids stand within the Outer Western Carpathians and the Outer Eastern Carpathians.
In the west they begin in Moravia (eastern Czech Republic) at the natural pass of the Moravian Gate, continue east in a band to the north of the Tatra Mountains, and end in Ukraine. The eastern termination of the Beskids is disputed. According to older sources, the Beskids end at the source of the Tisza River, while newer sources state that the Beskids end at the Ushok Pass at the Polish-Ukrainian border.
In the divisions of the Carpathians, the ranges of the Beskids are categorized within:
- Outer Western Carpathians
- the West-Beskidian Piedmont (spanning the Czech Republic and Poland)
- the Western Beskids (in Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Poland)
- the Central Beskids (in Slovakia and Poland)
- the Eastern Beskids (in Slovakia and Poland)
- Outer Eastern Carpathians
- the Central Beskidian Piedmont (in Poland)
- the Lower Beskids (in Slovakia and Poland)
- the Eastern Beskids and the Ukrainian Carpathians (in Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine)
(Note that the Polish Bieszczady Mountains is not a synonym for the entire Beskids—it is one single range, belonging to the Eastern Beskids.)
[edit] History
The origin of the mountain's name remains a mystery. A Thracian or Illyrian origin has been suggested,[citation needed] however, as yet, no theory has majority support among linguists. The true etymology of the name "Besczad or Beskids" is unknown. It may by related to Middle Low German beshêt, beskēt, meaning watershed.[1] The Beskids are currently rich in forest and coal. In the past they were rich in iron ore, with important plants in Ostrava and Třinec - Třinec Iron and Steel Works.
There are many tourist attractions, including historic wooden churches (see Wooden Churches of Southern Little Poland, Carpathian Wooden Churches of Slovakia, and Wooden Churches of Ukraine) and the increasingly popular skiing resorts.
In recent years, a number of environmental groups have been working to support a small but growing population of bears, wolves and lynx in the ecosystem of the Beskidy mountains.
| Marklowice dolne, Moravia (1360 - 1739) |
Hrabova, Moravia (14th - 1564) |
Hervartov (Bardiów) (c. 1500) |
Binarowa, Podkarpacie (1400) c. 1500 |
Harklowa southern Poland (c. 1731) |
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Examples of German "Bauerkultur" church architecture in the Subcarpathian region (Outer Western Carpathians), same like the wooden churches in Silesia and North Moravia.
[edit] Gallery
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Czantoria, Silesian Beskids
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Western Bieszczady
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Western Bieszczady
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Beskid Wyspowy
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Hoverla, Ukraine
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Wooden church in Kwiatoń
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: The Beskids |
- Beskidzki Serwis Internetowy (Polish)
- Beskydy (Czech)
Coordinates: 49°25′N 20°15′E / 49.417°N 20.25°E
[edit] References
- ^ Zbigniew Gołąb. The Origins of the Slavs: A Linguist's View. Slavica Publishers, Inc., 1992 p. 342. "The Germanic etymology of Bieszczad // Beskid was proposed by prof. Jan Michał Rozwadowski (1914:162, etc). He derives the variant beščad from Germc. biskaid, wchich is represented by MLG besche (beskêt) Trennung and by Scandinavian bêsked, borrowed from [...]"
